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| Preface | |
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| Correctional Counseling and Intervention: Introduction and Critical Issues | |
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| Background of Counseling | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Rehabilitation, Treatment, and Mental Health | |
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| Additional Clinical Definitions | |
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| The Development of the Medical Model | |
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| Treatment Research | |
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| The Responses to Martinson | |
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| Criminal Justice Clients and Counseling Environments | |
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| Critical Issues in Counseling | |
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| The Difficulty of Changing Criminal Behavior | |
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| Developing a Proper Rehabilitative Treatment Program for Offenders | |
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| Contemporary Counseling Focus | |
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| Ethical Issues in Counseling Offenders | |
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| Macro Ethical Concerns | |
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| Micro Ethical Concerns | |
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| Qualification and Training for Criminal Justice Counselors | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Legal Issues in Correctional Treatment | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Where Do Prisoners' Treatment Rights Come From? | |
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| Constitutional Amendments that Determine Correctional Treatment | |
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| Bridging the Bill of Rights into the Fourteenth Amendment | |
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| Cruel and Unusual Punishment | |
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| Liberty, Property, Due Process, and Equal Protection | |
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| Reasonableness Test | |
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| Civil Rights Act of 1871 | |
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| Criteria for Civil Commitment | |
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| The Right to Rehabilitation in Adult Prisons | |
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| The Right to Rehabilitation in Juvenile Institutions | |
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| Early Judicial Rulings | |
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| How Juveniles Have a Right to Rehabilitation | |
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| The Right to Habilitation | |
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| The Right to Mental Health or Psychiatric Treatment | |
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| The Right to Refuse Mental Health Treatment | |
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| Washington v. Harper | |
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| The Right to Refuse Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotic Anonymous Treatment | |
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| Involuntary Treatment of Sex Offenders | |
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| Gender and Equal Protection in Prison Treatment Programs | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Treatment Theories | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Cognitive-Behavioral Theory and Therapy | |
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| Theoretical Constructs | |
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| Therapeutic Techniques | |
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| A Feminist Version of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy | |
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| Behavioral Theories | |
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| Behavior Therapy | |
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| Behavioral Modification | |
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| Psychoanalytic Theory | |
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| Logotherapy | |
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| Afrocentric Theory | |
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| Feminist Theory | |
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| Social Bonding Theory | |
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| System Theory | |
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| Reality Therapy | |
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| Applicability of Aforementioned Theories to Individual and Group Counseling | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Screening, Assessment, and Diagnosis in Correctional Treatment | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Criminal Justice Interviewing | |
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| Motivational Interviewing | |
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| Diagnostic Guides | |
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| Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders | |
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| Psychopathy | |
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| Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV (SCID) | |
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| Training Guides for the DSM-IV | |
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| Conducting a Mental Status Examination | |
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| Clinical Assessment | |
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| Critical Issues in Assessment | |
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| Malingering and Its Detection | |
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| Assessment of Offenders' Common Problems | |
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| Assessment of Juvenile and Adult Criminal Attitudes | |
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| Adult Substance Abuse Assessment | |
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| Assessment of Women with Substance Abuse | |
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| Assessment and Screening of Adolescents in the Justice System | |
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| Dual Diagnosis Assessment: Substance Abuse and Mental Disorders | |
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| Assessment of Sexual Victimization | |
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| Assessment of Juveniles' Sexual Offending | |
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| Assessment of Juveniles for Alcohol and Other Drugs | |
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| Selected Assessment Tools | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Individual Counseling Processes | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Psychoanalytic Principles and Individual Counseling | |
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| The Helping Relationship | |
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| Empathy | |
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| Respect and Positive Regard | |
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| Genuineness | |
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| Warmth | |
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| Concreteness | |
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| Immediacy | |
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| Cultural Awareness | |
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| Gender Awareness | |
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| Stages of Counseling | |
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| Engagement | |
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| The Importance of the Initial Correction Interview | |
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| The Initial Interview | |
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| Problem Identification | |
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| Pattern Search | |
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| Change | |
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| Termination | |
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| Crisis Intervention | |
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| Treatment of a Crisis | |
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| Establishing Treatment Goals | |
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| Treatment Implementation | |
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| Termination of Crisis Intervention | |
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| Case Management | |
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| Cop/Police Officer | |
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| Friend | |
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| Confidant | |
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| Adviser | |
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| Teacher | |
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| Moral Guider | |
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| Parent/Nurturer | |
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| Change Agent | |
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| Crisis Intervener | |
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| Role Model | |
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| Consultant | |
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| Social Influencer | |
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| Resource Broker/Advocate | |
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| Program Manager | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Group Treatment Processes | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Differences Between Therapy Groups and Self-Help Groups | |
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| Benefits of Group Counseling | |
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| The Installation of Hope | |
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| Universality of Experiences | |
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| The Imparting of Information | |
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| Altruism | |
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| The Corrective Recapitulation of the Primary Family Group | |
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| The Development of Socializing Techniques | |
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| Imitative Behavior | |
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| Interpersonal Learning | |
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| Group Cohesiveness | |
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| Catharsis | |
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| Existential Factors | |
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| Types of Groups | |
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| Therapy Groups | |
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| Structured Groups | |
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| Marathon Groups | |
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| Encounter Groups | |
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| Group Size | |
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| Selection of Group Members | |
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| Group Roles | |
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| Leaders' Personal Characteristics | |
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| Group Dynamics | |
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| Group Stages | |
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| Support of Current Lifestyles | |
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| Anger at Authority | |
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| Self-Revelation | |
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| Working Through Problems | |
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| New Ways of Relating | |
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| Ending Stage | |
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| Group Strategies | |
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| Pre-Group Strategies | |
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| Strategies to Facilitate Group Dynamics | |
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| Strategies to Change Offenders | |
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| Warm-Up | |
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| Paradoxical Intention | |
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| Cognitive Click | |
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| Mirroring | |
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| Hidden Reasons | |
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| Reorientation | |
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| Social Skills Techniques | |
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| Modeling | |
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| Role-Playing | |
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| Prompting | |
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| Homework | |
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| Feedback | |
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| Group Discussion Topics | |
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| Group versus Individual Counseling | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Treating Female Juvenile Offenders | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Context of Treating Female Juvenile Offenders | |
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| Issues of Minority Females | |
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| Techniques and Procedures of Treating Female Juvenile Offenders | |
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| Treatment for Sexual Victimization | |
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| Treatment for Adolescents Who Run Away | |
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| Adolescent Drug Treatment | |
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| Treatment for Sex-Related Problems Associated with Drugs and Alcohol | |
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| Specific Programs for Juvenile Females | |
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| Intervention Programs Researched | |
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| Adolescent Mothers Who Use Drugs | |
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| Treatment of Sexually Abused Girls | |
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| Treatment for Delinquent Females | |
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| Intervention Programs Not Researched | |
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| Treating Adolescents Who Have Been Sexually Abused | |
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| Intervention with Females with General Delinquency Problems | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Treating Male Juvenile Offenders | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Context of Treating Male Juvenile Offenders | |
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| Techniques and Procedures of Treating Male Juvenile Offenders | |
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| Treating Juveniles Who Commit Homicides | |
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| Treating Aggressive Juveniles | |
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| Treating Juvenile Sex Offenders | |
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| Treating Juveniles with Alcohol and Drug Problems | |
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| Treating a Disruptive, Dually Diagnosed Adolescent | |
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| Researched Intervention Programs | |
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| Treating Delinquent Behavior | |
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| Treatment for Violent Delinquents | |
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| Boot Camps | |
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| Unresearched Programs and Interventions | |
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| Treatment of Juvenile Probationers | |
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| Wilderness Camps | |
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| Afrocentric Programming | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Treating Female Adult Offenders | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Context of Treating Female Adult Offenders | |
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| Techniques and Procedures of Treating Female Adult Offenders | |
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| Strategies in the Treatment of Female Substance Abusers | |
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| Treating Female Sex Offenders | |
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| Researched Programs and Interventions | |
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| Drug Treatment for Female Prisoners and Parolees | |
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| Treating Dually Diagnosed Females | |
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| Treating Pregnant Substance-Abusing Females | |
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| Treating Substance-Abusing Parents | |
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| Treating Traumatized Female Prisoners | |
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| Unresearched Programs and Interventions | |
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| Afrocentric Drug Programs | |
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| Solution-Focused Intervention for Alcohol-Dependent Mothers | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Treating Male Adult Offenders | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Context of Treating Male Adult Offenders | |
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| Techniques and Procedures of Treating Male Adult Offenders | |
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| Treating Anger in Males | |
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| Treating Sex Offenders | |
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| Treating Substance Abuse | |
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| Researched Programs and Interventions | |
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| Domestic Violence | |
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| Anger Management with Offenders | |
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| Treating High-Risk Probationers | |
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| Treating General Offenders | |
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| Treating Clinically Depressed Prisoners | |
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| Treating Sex Offenders | |
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| Treating Prisoners with Substance Abuse Problems | |
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| Unresearched Programs and Interventions | |
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| Drug Programs | |
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| Intervention in a Community-Based Therapeutic Community | |
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| An Afrocentric Intervention for Prisoners | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| Treating and Intervention with Special Offender Populations | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Context of Jail Detainees | |
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| Interventions with Jail Detainees | |
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| Context of Gang Members | |
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| Intervention for Female Gang Members | |
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| Intervention Approaches with Adolescent Gangs | |
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| Context of Developmentally Disabled Offenders | |
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| Intervention Applicable to Mentally Retarded Offenders | |
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| Context of Mentally Ill Offenders | |
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| Interventions Applicable to Mentally Ill Offenders | |
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| Treating Dually Diagnosed Offenders | |
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| Intervention with Psychopaths | |
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| Context of Elderly Offenders | |
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| Interventions Applicable to Elderly Offenders | |
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| Context of Prisoners on Death Row | |
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| Intervention for Prisoners on Death Row | |
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| Summary | |
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| Key Terms | |
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| References | |
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| Index | |