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| Acknowledgments | |
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| List of Abbreviations | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Cotton | |
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| The Cotton Boom and Its Primary Causes | |
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| Demand for Cotton by Central American Manufacturing | |
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| World Demand for Cotton after World War II | |
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| The Insecticide Revolution | |
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| Chemical Fertilizers | |
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| Tractors | |
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| Modern Technology and Cotton Yields | |
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| Government Road-building Programs | |
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| Cotton and Credit | |
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| Government Promotion of Cotton Finance | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Cotton Boom and Its Primary Beneficiaries | |
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| The Cotton Growers | |
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| The Cotton Landlords | |
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| Cotton Gins | |
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| The Cotton-Export Houses | |
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| The Suppliers of the Cotton Boom | |
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| Banks and the Cotton Boom | |
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| Vegetable-Oil Factories and Textile Mills | |
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| Cotton and the Cotton Elite | |
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| Ecological Consequences of Cotton | |
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| Summary | |
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| Cotton and the Common Man | |
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| The Cotton Boom and the Opening of Fresh Cropland | |
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| Cornfields to Cotton | |
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| Cotton and Peasant Access to Land | |
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| Cotton and the Creation of a Wage-Labor Force | |
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| The Irreversibility of Cotton | |
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| Cotton to Cattle | |
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| Cotton to Sugar | |
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| Cotton to Basic Grains | |
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| Cotton and the Social Fabric | |
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| Summary | |
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| Cattle | |
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| The Beef-Export Boom and Its Primary Causes | |
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| Practices before the Export Boom | |
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| The Demand for Beef in the U.S. Market | |
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| The Vital Supply Link: The Modern Packing Plant | |
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| Refrigerator Transport | |
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| Roads and the Beef Trade | |
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| State Promotion of the Beef Business | |
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| Road Finance | |
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| Direct Promotional Finance to the Beef Sector | |
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| The Beef-Export Boom and Technology on the Ranch | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Beneficiaries of Beef | |
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| The Source of the Beef Bonanza | |
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| The Packing Plants' Share of the Beef Bonanza | |
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| The Impact of the Boom on Slaughter Sheds, Vendors, and Consumers | |
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| Private Investment in Cattle Raising | |
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| The Collapse of the Small Holder | |
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| Profits from the Sale of Modern Inputs | |
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| Vertical Integration in the Beef-Export Business | |
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| Summary | |
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| Cattle and the Campesino | |
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| Forest to Pasture | |
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| Forest to Corn to Pasture | |
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| Ecological Consequences of Forest-to-Pasture Transformation | |
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| Impact of Forest-to-Pasture Transformation on Peasants | |
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| The Cattle Boom and Rights to Land Use | |
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| The Cattle Boom and Rural Conflict: The Pacific Coastal Plain of Honduras and Costa Rica | |
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| Olancho, Honduras: The Cattle Boom, the Peasant Movement, and Rancher Violence | |
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| The Cattle Boom, Rural Guerrillas, and Counterinsurgency in Nicaragua (1967-1972) | |
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| The First Phase of the Guatemalan Cattle Boom (1960s) | |
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| The Second Phase of the Guatemalan Cattle Boom (1970s) | |
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| The Cattle Boom and the Repression of Cooperatives in Quiche and Huehuetenango (mid-1970s) | |
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| The Cattle Boom, the Massacre at Panzos, and the Guatemalan Civil War | |
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| Summary | |
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| The Crisis | |
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| Cotton, Cattle, and the Crisis | |
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| Cotton and the Buildup to Crisis | |
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| Cattle and the Buildup to Crisis | |
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| U.S. Policy and the Buildup to Crisis | |
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| World-System Shocks: Impact on Elites | |
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| World-System Shocks: Impact on the Poor | |
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| Summary | |
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| Governments and the Crisis | |
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| The Unfolding of the Crisis in Nicaragua | |
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| The Unfolding of the Crisis in El Salvador | |
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| The Unfolding of the Crisis in Guatemala | |
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| Reform and Repression in Honduras: Responses to Shocks | |
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| Government Responses to the Crisis in Costa Rica | |
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| Summary | |
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| Challenge for a New U.S. Policy | |
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| Statistical Appendix | |
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| Notes | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |