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Microscopes and Their Use in the Study of Cells and Viruses | |
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Lab Procedure: Bright-Field Microscope | |
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Fluorescent Microscope | |
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Electron Microscope | |
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Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) | |
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Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) | |
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Microscopic Observation of Bacteria, Fungi, and Protozoa | |
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Bacteria | |
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Size | |
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Cell Shapes | |
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Cell Arrangements | |
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Actinomycetes | |
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Lab Procedure: Using Wet Mounts to Observe Bacteria | |
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Fungi | |
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Growth Forms and Reproduction | |
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Divisions of Fungi | |
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Using Wet Mounts to Observe Fungi | |
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Protozoa | |
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Protozoan Groups | |
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Staining Bacteria | |
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Lab Procedure: Preparing Cells for Staining | |
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Morphological Stains | |
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Lab Procedure: Simple Stain | |
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Lab Procedure: Negative Stain | |
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Differential Stains | |
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Lab Procedure: Gram Stain | |
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Lab Procedure: Acid-Fast Stain | |
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Structural Stains | |
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Lab Procedure: Capsule Stain | |
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Lab Procedure: Endospore Stain | |
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Lab Procedure: Flagella Stain | |
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Cultivation of Bacteria and Fungi | |
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Sample Collection | |
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Environmental Samples | |
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Clinical Samples | |
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Incubation of Inoculated Media | |
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Temperature Considerations | |
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Atmospheric Considerations | |
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Examination of Growth on Agar Media | |
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Growth of Organisms from the Environment | |
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Growth of Organisms from Clinical Samples | |
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Examination of Growth in Broth | |
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Colony Selection | |
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Lab Procedure: Isolation by the Streak-Plate Method | |
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Maintenance of Bacterial Cultures | |
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Biochemical Tests for the Identification of Bacteria | |
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Lab Procedure: Carbohydrate Utilization | |
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Lab Procedure: Catalase Test | |
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Lab Procedure: Citrate Utilization | |
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Lab Procedure: Decarboxylase Tests | |
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Lab Procedure: Denitrification | |
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Lab Procedure: Gelatin Utilization | |
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Lab Procedure: Hydrogen Sulfide (H[subscript 2]S) Production | |
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Lab Procedure: Indole Production | |
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Lab Procedure: Litmus Milk Reactions | |
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Lab Procedure: Methyl Red Test | |
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Lab Procedure: Motility Test | |
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Lab Procedure: Oxidase Test | |
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Lab Procedure: Oxidation-Fermentation (O-F) Test | |
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Lab Procedure: Phenylalanine Deaminase Test | |
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Lab Procedure: Skim Milk Utilization | |
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Lab Procedure: Starch Hydrolysis Test | |
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Lab Procedure: Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) Agar and Kligler Iron Agar (KIA) Tests | |
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Lab Procedure: Urea Utilization | |
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Lab Procedure: Voges-Proskauer Test | |
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Bacterial Identification Methods | |
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Identification Using Conventional Methods | |
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Identification Using Multitest Systems | |
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Identification Using Automated Methods | |
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Evaluating Antibacterial Chemical Agents | |
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Lab Procedure: Evaluating Handwashing Effectiveness | |
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Lab Procedure: Evaluating Antiseptics and Disinfectants: The Filter Paper Method | |
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Antibiotic Effectiveness | |
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Lab Procedure: Evaluating Antibiotics: The Kirby-Bauer Method | |
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Lab Procedure: Evaluating Antibiotics: Etest | |
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Antibiotic Resistance | |
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Soil and Water Microbiology | |
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Lab Procedure: Microbial Enumeration By Plate Count | |
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Lab Procedure: Most Probable Number (MPN) Method | |
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Membrane Filter Method | |
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Survey of Microbial Pathogens | |
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Bacterial Pathogens | |
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Fungal Pathogens | |
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Protozoan Pathogens | |
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Arthropod Vectors of Human Diseases | |
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Vectors of Human Diseases | |
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Acarines | |
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Insects | |
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Multicellular Parasites | |
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Basic Structural Characteristics of Multicellular Parasites | |
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Life Cycles of Multicellular Parasites | |
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Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms) | |
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Phylum Nematoda (Roundworms) | |
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Clinical Applications of Host Responses to Infection | |
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Identifying White Blood Cell Types | |
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Lab Procedure: White Blood Cell Counts | |
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Organs and Tissues of the Immune System | |
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Immunization | |
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Lab Procedure: Antigen-Antibody Precipitation Reactions in Solution | |
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Immunodiffusion Methods | |
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Lab Procedure: Agglutination Reactions | |
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) | |
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SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blot | |
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Index | |