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Preface | |
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Theory and Concepts | |
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History of Radiobiology | |
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Radiobiology History | |
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Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau | |
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Ancel and Vitemberger | |
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Fractionation Theory | |
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Mutagenesis | |
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Effects of Oxygen | |
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Reproductive Failure | |
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Roentgen | |
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Rad | |
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Rem | |
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SI Units | |
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Regulation | |
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Cellular Anatomy and Physiology | |
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Cell Biology | |
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Chemical Configuration of Cells | |
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Cell Structure | |
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Cell Growth and Division | |
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Mitosis | |
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Meiosis | |
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Cellular Effects of Radiation | |
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Radiosensitivity of Cells | |
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Physical and Biologic Factors | |
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Direct and Indirect Effects of Radiation | |
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Interactions with Radiation | |
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Radiolysis of Water | |
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Irradiation of Macromolecules | |
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Single-hit Chromosome Aberrations | |
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Multi-hit Chromosome Aberrations | |
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Reciprocal Translocations | |
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Dose-Response Relationships | |
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Linear Dose-Response Relationships | |
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Linear Quadratic Dose-Response Curves | |
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Target Theory | |
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Cell Survival Curves | |
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Section Review | |
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Biological Effects of Radiation Exposure | |
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Effects of Initial Exposure to Radiation | |
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Acute Radiation Syndromes | |
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Response Stages | |
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Bone Marrow Syndrome | |
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Gastrointestinal Syndrome | |
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Central Nervous System Syndrome | |
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Local Tissue Damage | |
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Skin | |
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Eyes | |
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Gonads | |
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Hematologic Effects | |
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Hemopoietic System | |
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Cytogenic Effects | |
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Effects of Long-term Exposure to Radiation | |
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Epidemiology | |
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Dose-Response Curves | |
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Relative Versus Absolute Risk | |
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Radiation-Induced Malignancies | |
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Leukemia | |
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Skin Carcinoma | |
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Thyroid Cancer | |
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Breast Cancer | |
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Osteosarcoma | |
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Lung Cancer | |
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Life-Span Shortening | |
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Genetic Damage | |
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Irradiation of the Fetus | |
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Pre-implantation Stage | |
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Fetal Growth Stage | |
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Stochastic and Nonstochastic Effects | |
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Section Review | |
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Radiation Protection | |
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Protection of Personnel | |
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Rationale for Radiation Protection | |
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Monitoring of Personnel | |
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Film Badges | |
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Thermoluminescent Dosimeters | |
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Pocket Dosimeters | |
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Dosimetry Report | |
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Dose-limiting Recommendations | |
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Principles of Personnel Radiation Exposure | |
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Time | |
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Distance | |
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Shielding | |
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Structural Shielding Construction | |
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Use of Protective Garments | |
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Mobile Exam Considerations | |
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Flouroscopic Exam Considerations | |
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Inverse Square Law | |
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Patient Immobilization Considerations | |
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Protection of Patients | |
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Immobilization | |
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Beam Restriction | |
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Kilovoltage | |
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Irradiated Material | |
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Beam Limiting Devices | |
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Aperture Diaphragms | |
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Cones | |
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Collimators | |
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X-Ray Beam Filtration | |
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Gonadal Shielding | |
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Flat Contact Shields | |
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Shadow Shields | |
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Shaped Contact Shields | |
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Exposure and Technique Factors | |
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Kilovoltage Range | |
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Milliamperage and Time | |
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Film-Screen Considerations | |
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Radiographic Film | |
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Intensifying Screens | |
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Patient Positioning | |
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Grids | |
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The Pregnant Patient | |
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Repeat Radiographs | |
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Fluoroscopic Procedures | |
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Image Intensification Fluoroscopy | |
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Section Review | |
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Bibliography | |
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Glossary | |
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Index | |