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Figures | |
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Plates | |
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Tables | |
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Acknowledgements | |
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Preface to the Second Edition | |
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Introduction | |
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Principles | |
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Why Design? | |
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Planting Design - an Expression of Function | |
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Planting Design as Management of Natural Vegetation Processes | |
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Planting Design for Aesthetic Pleasure | |
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What is Successful Planting Design? | |
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Plants as a Medium for Design | |
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Plants as Living Materials | |
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Environmental Factors | |
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Cycles of Plant Growth and Development | |
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Aftercare | |
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The Landscape Designer's View of Plants | |
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Plants as Spatial Elements | |
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Plants as Ornament | |
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Plant Selection | |
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Functional and Aesthetic Considerations in Design | |
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Spatial Characteristics of Plants | |
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Spatial Functions of Plants in the Human Landscape | |
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Ground-level Planting (Carpeting Plants) | |
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Shrubs and Herbaceous Plants Below Knee Height (Low Planting) | |
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Knee to Eye Level Planting (Medium Height Planting) | |
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Planting Above Eye Level (Tall Shrub/Small Tree Planting) | |
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Tree Planting | |
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Creating Spaces with Plants | |
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The Experience of Space | |
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The Use of Spaces | |
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The Elements of Spatial Composition | |
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Enclosure | |
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Degree of Enclosure | |
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Permeability of Enclosure | |
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Dynamics | |
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Shape | |
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Vertical Proportion | |
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Slope | |
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Focus | |
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Symmetric Focus | |
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Asymmetric Focus | |
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Focus on the Boundary | |
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External Focus | |
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Composite Landscape | |
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Spatial Organizations | |
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Linear Organizations | |
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Clustered Organizations | |
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Contained Organizations | |
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Hierarchy of Spaces | |
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Hierarchy According to Function | |
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Transitions | |
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Transitions between Abutting Spaces | |
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Transitions between Interlocking Spaces | |
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Transitional Spaces | |
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Entrance Zones | |
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Visual Properties of Plants | |
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Subjective and Objective Responses to Plants | |
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The Analysis of Visual Characteristics | |
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Form | |
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Prostrate and Carpeting Forms | |
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Hummock, Dome and Tussock Forms | |
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Erect or Ascending Form | |
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Arching Form | |
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Palm Form | |
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Succulents and Sculptural Form | |
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Oval Upright Form | |
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Conical Form | |
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Fastigiate and Columnar Forms | |
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Tabulate and Level Spreading Form | |
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Open Irregular Form | |
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Trained Form | |
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Line and Pattern | |
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Ascending Line | |
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Pendulous Line | |
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Horizontal Line | |
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Diagonal Line | |
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The Quality of Line | |
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Texture | |
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Fine Texture | |
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Coarse Texture | |
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Medium Texture | |
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Colour | |
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Hue | |
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Value | |
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Saturation | |
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Colour Perception | |
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Colour Effects | |
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Visual Energy | |
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Combining Plants | |
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Principles of Visual Composition | |
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Five Principles of Visual Composition | |
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Harmony and Contrast | |
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Balance | |
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Emphasis and Accent | |
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Sequence | |
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Scafe | |
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Movement and Viewing Angles | |
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Unity and Diversity in Planting Design | |
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Planting Ideas | |
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Inspiration | |
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Plant Assemblages | |
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Plant Communities | |
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Forest Structures | |
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Two Principles | |
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Designing with Canopy Layers | |
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Some Typical Canopy Structures | |
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Deciduous Cool Temperate Communities (Europe and North America) | |
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Three-layer Canopy Structures | |
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Two-layer Canopy Structures | |
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Single-layer Canopy Structures | |
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Evergreen Temperate Communities (New Zealand) | |
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Emergent Trees/Tree Canopy I Sub-canopy I Shrub Layer/Herb Layer | |
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Tree Canopy I Shrub and Sapling Layer/Herb Layer | |
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Bush Canopy I (Shrub and Sapling Layer)/(Field Layer) | |
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Low Tree Canopy I Shrub and Sapling Layer/Field Layer | |
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Shrubland Communities | |
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Herb-dominated Communities | |
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Design Interpretation | |
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Horticultural Factors in Plant Associations | |
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Growth Requirements | |
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Relative Competitiveness | |
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Mode of Spread | |
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Increase by Seed | |
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Vegetative Increase | |
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Habit | |
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Longevity and Life Cycles | |
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Plant Knowledge | |
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Process | |
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A Method for Planting Design | |
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Inception | |
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Initial Contact With the Client | |
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Brief | |
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Understanding: Gathering and Organizing Information | |
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Survey | |
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The Landscape Assessment | |
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Synthesis - Generating and Organizing Ideas | |
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Planting Policies | |
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Design Concept | |
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Schematic Planting Design | |
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Masterplan | |
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Sketch Planting Proposals | |
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Detailed Planting Design | |
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Working Drawings | |
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Specifications | |
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Realization | |
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Planting | |
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Establishment | |
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Management | |
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Learning Through the Design Process | |
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Practice | |
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Structure Planting | |
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Introduction | |
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Forest and Woodland | |
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Designing Forest and Woodland | |
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What Functions will the Forest or Woodland Perform? | |
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What Canopy Structure is Ultimately Required? | |
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What are the Soil and Climatic Conditions? | |
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What Forest Species Already Grow Successfully Nearby? | |
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How Will the Forest or Woodland be Perpetuated? | |
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Planting Mixes | |
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High Forest/High Canopy Woodland | |
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Approaches | |
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Layer Components | |
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Nurse Crops | |
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Developing a Planting Mix | |
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Constituents of the Mix | |
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Mix Proportions | |
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Spacing and Setting Out | |
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Subsidiary Mixes | |
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Low Forest/Low Woodland | |
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Shrub Thicket | |
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Woodland Scrub | |
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High Scrub | |
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Edges | |
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Tall Edge | |
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Low Edge | |
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Outlying Groups | |
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Clumps and Copses | |
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Woodland and Forest Belts | |
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Hedges and Hedgerows | |
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Hedges | |
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Hedgerows | |
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Urban and Garden Hedges | |
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Perimeter Hedging | |
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Avenues | |
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Avenue Species | |
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Setting Out and Spacing | |
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Trained Trees and Vines | |
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Ornamental Planting | |
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General Planting Areas | |
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Layout of Planting Areas | |
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Planting Arrangement | |
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Canopy Layers | |
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Successional Growth | |
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Composition and Scale | |
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Accents | |
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Accent Groups | |
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Planting Patterns | |
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Ecological Ornamental Planting | |
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Plant Spacing | |
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Setting Out | |
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Raised Planting and Container Planting | |
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Walls, Pergolas, Trellis and other Vine Supports | |
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Ornamental Planting in Specialized Habitats | |
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Conclusion | |
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References and Further Reading | |
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Index | |