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| Introduction. Active Human Nature: Self-Determination Theory and the Promotion and Maintenance of Sport, Exercise, and Health | |
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| Intrinsic Motivation and Our Active Nature | |
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| Beyond Intrinsic Motivation: Internalization and Extrinsic Forms of Motivation | |
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| Basic Needs Theory: Self-Determination Theory and the Facilitating Environment | |
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| Motivation, Vitality, and Health: When Self-Regulation Is Not Depleting | |
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| Conclusions, Musings, and Future Directions | |
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| Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise | |
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| Exercise Participation Motives: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective | |
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| The Theoretical Status of Participation Motives | |
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| Measurement of Participation Motives | |
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| Participation Motives and Engagement in Various Types of Activity | |
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| Participation Motives and Exercise Behavior | |
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| Participation Motives and Well-Being | |
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| Participation Motives and Body Image | |
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| Participation Motives and Autonomy: Beyond the Intrinsic-Extrinsic Dichotomy | |
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| Conclusions and Implications for Exercise Promotion | |
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| Perceived Autonomy Support and Psychological Need Satisfaction | |
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| The Self-Determination Perspective in Exercise | |
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| Autonomy Support, Psychological Needs, and Autonomous Regulation | |
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| Psychological Needs, Autonomous Regulation, and Exercise Behavior | |
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| Predicting Maladaptive Exercise Engagement | |
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| Ethnic and Cultural Group Considerations | |
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| Promoting Autonomy Support in the Exercise Domain | |
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| Summary and Avenues for Future Research | |
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| The Trans-Contextual Model of Motivation | |
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| The Trans-Contextual Model: Component Theories | |
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| The Trans-Contextual Model: Three Premises for Theoretical Integration | |
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| Perceived Autonomy Support | |
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| Testing the Trans-Contextual Model | |
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| Conclusions, Recommendations for Future Research, and Practical Considerations | |
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| Self-Determination and Motivation in Physical Education | |
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| Autonomy Support in Physical Education | |
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| Other Influential Social Context Factors | |
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| Basic Psychological Needs | |
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| Motivational Regulations and Related Consequences | |
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| Tests of the Motivational Sequence | |
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| Practical Implications in Physical Education | |
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| Avenues for Future Self-Determination Theory Work in Physical Education | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Self-Determination Theory and Motivational Interviewing in Exercise | |
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| The Principles of Motivational Interviewing | |
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| Intrinsic Motivation in Motivational Interviewing: A Conceptual Refinement | |
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| Conclusions and Applied Implications | |
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| Self-Determination Theory, Exercise, and Well-Being | |
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| The Self and Well-Being | |
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| A Self-Determination Perspective on the Self and Well-Being | |
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| Is the Evidence Consistent With Theory? | |
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| Summary and Recommendations | |
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| The Flow State and Physical Activity Behavior Change as Motivational Outcomes: A Self-Determination Theory Perspective | |
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| Self-Determination Theory and Flow | |
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| Self-Determination Theory and Physical Activity Behavior Change | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Perceived Feedback and Motivation in Physical Education and Physical Activity | |
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| Perceived Feedback as a Source of Competence | |
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| Measurement of Types of Perceived Feedback | |
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| Relationship Between Perceived Feedback and Motivation in Physical Education | |
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| Practical Recommendations and Future Directions for Research | |
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| Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Sport | |
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| Measurement Issues in Self-Determination Theory and Sport | |
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| Versions of the Sport Motivation Scale | |
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| Construct Measurement Issues | |
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| Future Research and Applications | |
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| Motivation in Elite-Level Sport: A Self-Determination Perspective | |
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| Motivation Types | |
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| Self-Determination and Training | |
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| Self-Determination and Performance | |
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| Basic Needs | |
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| Practical Applications | |
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| Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Promotion in Exercise and Sport: Understanding the Differential Impacts on Performance and Persistence | |
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| Individual Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Pursuit | |
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| Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Promotion | |
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| Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Goal Promotion in Exercising | |
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| Obesity, Healthy Lifestyle Change, and Weight Loss | |
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| Macro-Mediational and Micro-Mediational Mechanisms | |
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| Future Research | |
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| Practical Implications and Conclusion | |
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| Competence Motivation in Sport and Exercise: The Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation and Self-Determination Theory | |
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| Three Eras of Achievement Motivation | |
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| Key Concepts in Self-Determination Theory | |
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| Linking the Hierarchical Model of Achievement Motivation and Self-Determination Theory | |
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| Future Research Directions | |
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| Implications for Practice | |
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| Understanding Young People's Motivation Toward Exercise: An Integration of Sport Ability Beliefs, Achievement Goal Theory, and Self-Determination Theory | |
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| The Context of Physical Activity | |
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| Achievement Goal Theory | |
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| Self Theories of Ability | |
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| Self-Determination Theory | |
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| An Intraindividual Approach to Motivation | |
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| Research Findings | |
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| Practical Implications of Research Findings | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Coaching Effectiveness: Exploring the Relationship Between Coaching Behavior and Self-Determined Motivation | |
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| The Nature and Determinants of Self-Determined Motivation | |
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| Research on Coaching Behavior and Motivation | |
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| Future Research Directions | |
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| Practical Implications | |
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| A Self-Determination Theory Approach to Dropout in Athletes | |
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| A Four-Stage Causal Sequence | |
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| Review of the Studies | |
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| Research Perspectives and Future Directions | |
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| Conclusion and Practical Implications | |
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| Self-Determination Theory and Well-Being in Athletes: It's the Situation That Counts | |
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| Well-Being According to Self-Determination Theory | |
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| Well-Being in Sport | |
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| Self-Determination and Well-Being in Sport | |
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| Diary Studies | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Implications for Coaching | |
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| A Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation for Sport and Physical Activity | |
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| The Hierarchical Model of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation | |
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| Integrative Studies | |
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| Future Directions | |
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| Practical Implications and Conclusion | |
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| Conclusion. Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Exercise and Sport: Reflecting on the Past and Sketching the Future | |
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| Methodological Issues | |
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| Self-Determination Theory and the Antecedents of Motivation | |
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| Self-Determination Theory and Psychological Outcomes | |
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| Self-Determination Theory and Exercise and Sport Behavior | |
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| Theoretical Integration and Advancement | |
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| Conclusions | |