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| Preface | |
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| Part One Neurons: Cellular Neuroscience | |
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| Probing the Brain Anatomical Approaches: Visualizing Neurons | |
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| Observing Individual Nerve Cells | |
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| Physiological Approaches: Recording Electrical Activity EEGs and Other Field | |
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| Potentials Single-Cell Recordings | |
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| Molecular Biological Approaches: Mapping Molecules Recombinant DNA Technology Monoclonal Antibodies and Genetic Mutants | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Cells and Synapses | |
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| Neurons and Glia | |
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| Neuronal Structure | |
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| Golgi Type I Neurons | |
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| Axonal Transport | |
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| The Myelin Sheath Golgi | |
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| Type II Neurons Synapses | |
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| Chemical Synapses | |
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| Neuromuscular and Sensory Cell Junctions | |
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| Electrical Synapses | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Membranes and the Resting | |
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| Potential Properties of Neural Potentials Membranes: Their Structure and Electrical Properties | |
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| Freeze-Fracture Studies | |
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| Reconstituted Membranes | |
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| Membrane Channels | |
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| Measuring Membrane Resistance and Capacitance | |
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| The Equivalent Circuit of Membranes | |
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| Resting Potentials | |
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| A Simpli i??ed Model | |
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| The Nernst Equation and Equilibrium Potentials | |
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| The Goldman Equation and the Determination of Resting Potentials | |
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| Variations and Exceptions | |
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| How Many Ions Cross the Membrane? | |
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| Maintenance of Ion Concentrations: Ion Pumps | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Action Potentials and Their Propagation | |
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| The Generation of Action Potentials Voltage-Dependent Permeability Changes Voltage-Clamp Analysis Effects of Drugs on Na + and K + Currents | |
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| The Na + Channel Single-Channel Records Metabolic Considerations Ion Conductances during the Action Potential Ca 2 + Channels and Other Voltage-Sensitive Channels | |
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| The Propagation of Action Potentials Current Spread Impulse Propagation | |
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| Speed of Propagation Saltatory Conduction Summary Further Reading | |
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| Synaptic Potentials Excitatory and Inhibitory Synapses | |
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| The Axon Hillock and the Generation of Action Potentials | |
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| Analyzing Synaptic Potentials | |
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| Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials | |
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| Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials | |
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| Single-Channel Recordings | |
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| Presynaptic Inhibition | |
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| Electrical Synapses | |
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| The Neuromuscular Junction | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| The Chemistry of Synaptic Transmission | |
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| Mechanisms of Synaptic Transmission | |
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| Timing Drugs and Synaptic | |
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| Transmission Myasthenia Gravis: A Neuromuscular Disease | |
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| Neurotransmitters and Neuromodulators Neuromodulation | |
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| Identifying Transmitters and Modulators | |
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| Classes of Neuroactive Substances | |
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| Acetylcholine Amino Acids | |
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| Monoamines | |
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| Neuropeptides | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Receptors and Receptor Potentials | |
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| Mechanoreceptors Somatosensory | |
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| Receptors Adaptation Hair Cells and Audition | |
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| Second-Messenger | |
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| Receptors Olfactory Receptors | |
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| Vertebrate Photoreceptors | |
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| Regulation of the Na + Channels Photoreceptor Adaptation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Further Reading | |
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| Membrane Channels and Receptor | |
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| Proteins Ligand Gating: The Acetylcholine Channel | |
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| Voltage Sensitivity: Shaker Flies and Potassium Channels | |
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| Ion Selectivity | |
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| Visual Pigments and Receptor Proteins | |