| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Basics | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Is C++? | |
| |
| |
| A Brief History of C++ | |
| |
| |
| C++ Organization | |
| |
| |
| How to Learn C++ | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Basics of Program Writing | |
| |
| |
| Programs from Conception to Execution | |
| |
| |
| Creating a Real Program | |
| |
| |
| Getting Help in Unix | |
| |
| |
| Getting Help in an IDE | |
| |
| |
| |
| Style | |
| |
| |
| Comments | |
| |
| |
| C++ Code | |
| |
| |
| Naming Style | |
| |
| |
| Coding Religion | |
| |
| |
| Indentation and Code Format | |
| |
| |
| Clarity | |
| |
| |
| Simplicity | |
| |
| |
| Consistency and Organization | |
| |
| |
| |
| Basic Declarations and Expressions | |
| |
| |
| Basic Program Structure | |
| |
| |
| Simple Expressions | |
| |
| |
| The std::cout Output Object | |
| |
| |
| Variables and Storage | |
| |
| |
| Variable Declarations | |
| |
| |
| Integers | |
| |
| |
| Assignment Statements | |
| |
| |
| Floating-Point Numbers | |
| |
| |
| Floating-Point Divide Versus Integer Divide | |
| |
| |
| Characters | |
| |
| |
| Wide Characters | |
| |
| |
| Boolean Type | |
| |
| |
| |
| Arrays, Qualifiers, and Reading Numbers | |
| |
| |
| Arrays | |
| |
| |
| Strings | |
| |
| |
| Reading Data | |
| |
| |
| Initializing Variables | |
| |
| |
| Multidimensional Arrays | |
| |
| |
| C-Style Strings | |
| |
| |
| Types of Integers | |
| |
| |
| Types of Floats | |
| |
| |
| Constant and Reference Declarations | |
| |
| |
| Qualifiers | |
| |
| |
| Hexadecimal and Octal Constants | |
| |
| |
| Operators for Performing Shortcuts | |
| |
| |
| Side Effects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Decision and Control Statements | |
| |
| |
| if Statement | |
| |
| |
| else Statement | |
| |
| |
| How Not to Use std::strcmp | |
| |
| |
| Looping Statements | |
| |
| |
| while Statement | |
| |
| |
| break Statement | |
| |
| |
| continue Statement | |
| |
| |
| The Assignment Anywhere Side Effect | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Programming Process | |
| |
| |
| Setting Up Your Work Area | |
| |
| |
| The Specification | |
| |
| |
| Code Design | |
| |
| |
| The Prototype | |
| |
| |
| The Makefile | |
| |
| |
| Testing | |
| |
| |
| Debugging | |
| |
| |
| Maintenance | |
| |
| |
| Revisions | |
| |
| |
| Electronic Archaeology | |
| |
| |
| Mark Up the Program | |
| |
| |
| Use the Debugger | |
| |
| |
| Use the Text Editor as a Browser | |
| |
| |
| Add Comments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simple Programming | |
| |
| |
| |
| More Control Statements | |
| |
| |
| for Statement | |
| |
| |
| switch Statement | |
| |
| |
| switch, break, and continue | |
| |
| |
| |
| Variable Scope and Functions | |
| |
| |
| Scope and Storage Class | |
| |
| |
| Namespaces | |
| |
| |
| Functions | |
| |
| |
| Summary of Parameter Types | |
| |
| |
| Recursion | |
| |
| |
| Structured Programming Basics | |
| |
| |
| Real-World Programming | |
| |
| |
| |
| The C++ Preprocessor | |
| |
| |
| #define Statement | |
| |
| |
| Conditional Compilation | |
| |
| |
| #include Files | |
| |
| |
| Parameterized Macros | |
| |
| |
| Advanced Features | |
| |
| |
| |
| Bit Operations | |
| |
| |
| Bit Operators | |
| |
| |
| The AND Operator (&) | |
| |
| |
| Bitwise OR () | |
| |
| |
| The Bitwise Exclusive OR ([logical and) | |
| |
| |
| The Ones Complement Operator (NOT) | |
| |
| |
| The Left and Right Shift Operators ([double left angle bracket], [double right angle bracket]) | |
| |
| |
| Setting, Clearing, and Testing Bits | |
| |
| |
| Bitmapped Graphics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Types and Classes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Types | |
| |
| |
| Structures | |
| |
| |
| Unions | |
| |
| |
| typedef | |
| |
| |
| enum Type | |
| |
| |
| Bit Members or Packed Structures | |
| |
| |
| Arrays of Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simple Classes | |
| |
| |
| Stacks | |
| |
| |
| Improved Stack | |
| |
| |
| Using a Class | |
| |
| |
| Introduction to Constructors and Destructors | |
| |
| |
| Automatically Generated Member Functions | |
| |
| |
| Shortcuts | |
| |
| |
| Style | |
| |
| |
| Structures Versus Classes | |
| |
| |
| |
| More on Classes | |
| |
| |
| Friends | |
| |
| |
| Constant Functions | |
| |
| |
| Constant Members | |
| |
| |
| Static Member Variables | |
| |
| |
| Static Member Functions | |
| |
| |
| The Meaning of static | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simple Pointers | |
| |
| |
| const Pointers | |
| |
| |
| Pointers and Printing | |
| |
| |
| Pointers and Arrays | |
| |
| |
| The reinterpret_cast | |
| |
| |
| Pointers and Structures | |
| |
| |
| Command-Line Arguments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Programming Concepts | |
| |
| |
| |
| File Input/Output | |
| |
| |
| C++ File I/O | |
| |
| |
| Conversion Routines | |
| |
| |
| Binary and ASCII Files | |
| |
| |
| The End-of-Line Puzzle | |
| |
| |
| Binary I/O | |
| |
| |
| Buffering Problems | |
| |
| |
| Unbuffered I/O | |
| |
| |
| Designing File Formats | |
| |
| |
| C-Style I/O Routines | |
| |
| |
| C-Style Conversion Routines | |
| |
| |
| C-Style Binary I/O | |
| |
| |
| C- Versus C++- Style I/O | |
| |
| |
| |
| Debugging and Optimization | |
| |
| |
| Code Reviews | |
| |
| |
| Serial Debugging | |
| |
| |
| Going Through the Output | |
| |
| |
| Interactive Debuggers | |
| |
| |
| Debugging a Binary Search | |
| |
| |
| Interactive Debugging Tips and Tricks | |
| |
| |
| Runtime Errors | |
| |
| |
| Optimization | |
| |
| |
| How to Optimize | |
| |
| |
| Case Study: Inline Functions Versus Normal Functions | |
| |
| |
| Case Study: Optimizing a Color-Rendering Algorithm | |
| |
| |
| |
| Operator Overloading | |
| |
| |
| Creating a Simple Fixed-Point Class | |
| |
| |
| Operator Functions | |
| |
| |
| Operator Member Functions | |
| |
| |
| Warts | |
| |
| |
| Full Definition of the Fixed-Point Class | |
| |
| |
| |
| Floating Point | |
| |
| |
| Floating-Point Format | |
| |
| |
| Floating Addition/Subtraction | |
| |
| |
| Multiplication and Division | |
| |
| |
| Overflow and Underflow | |
| |
| |
| Roundoff Error | |
| |
| |
| Accuracy | |
| |
| |
| Minimizing Roundoff Error | |
| |
| |
| Determining Accuracy | |
| |
| |
| Precision and Speed | |
| |
| |
| Power Series | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Pointers | |
| |
| |
| Pointers, Structures, and Classes | |
| |
| |
| delete Operator | |
| |
| |
| Linked Lists | |
| |
| |
| Ordered Linked Lists | |
| |
| |
| Doubly Linked Lists | |
| |
| |
| Trees | |
| |
| |
| Printing a Tree | |
| |
| |
| The Rest of the Program | |
| |
| |
| Data Structures for a Chess Program | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Classes | |
| |
| |
| Derived Classes | |
| |
| |
| Virtual Functions | |
| |
| |
| Virtual Classes | |
| |
| |
| Function Hiding in Derived Classes | |
| |
| |
| Constructors and Destructors in Derived Classes | |
| |
| |
| The dynamic_cast Operator | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Language Features | |
| |
| |
| |
| Exceptions | |
| |
| |
| Adding Exceptions to the Stack Class | |
| |
| |
| Exceptions Versus assert | |
| |
| |
| |
| Modular Programming | |
| |
| |
| Modules | |
| |
| |
| Public and Private | |
| |
| |
| The extern Storage Class | |
| |
| |
| Headers | |
| |
| |
| The Body of the Module | |
| |
| |
| A Program to Use Infinite Arrays | |
| |
| |
| The Makefile for Multiple Files | |
| |
| |
| Using the Infinite Array | |
| |
| |
| Dividing a Task into Modules | |
| |
| |
| Module Design Guidelines | |
| |
| |
| |
| Templates | |
| |
| |
| What Is a Template? | |
| |
| |
| Templates: The Hard Way | |
| |
| |
| Templates: The C++ Way | |
| |
| |
| Function Specialization | |
| |
| |
| Class Templates | |
| |
| |
| Class Specialization | |
| |
| |
| Implementation Details | |
| |
| |
| Advanced Features | |
| |
| |
| |
| Standard Template Library | |
| |
| |
| STL Basics | |
| |
| |
| Class List--A Set of Students | |
| |
| |
| Creating a Waiting List with the STL List | |
| |
| |
| Storing Grades in a STL Map | |
| |
| |
| Putting It All Together | |
| |
| |
| Practical Considerations When Using the STL | |
| |
| |
| Getting More Information | |
| |
| |
| |
| Program Design | |
| |
| |
| Design Goals | |
| |
| |
| Design Factors | |
| |
| |
| Design Principles | |
| |
| |
| Coding | |
| |
| |
| Objects | |
| |
| |
| Real-World Design Techniques | |
| |
| |
| |
| Putting It All Together | |
| |
| |
| Requirements | |
| |
| |
| Code Design | |
| |
| |
| Coding | |
| |
| |
| Functional Description | |
| |
| |
| Testing | |
| |
| |
| Revisions | |
| |
| |
| A Final Warning | |
| |
| |
| Program Files | |
| |
| |
| |
| From C to C++ | |
| |
| |
| K&R-Style Functions | |
| |
| |
| struct | |
| |
| |
| malloc and free | |
| |
| |
| Turning Structures into Classes | |
| |
| |
| setjmp and longjmp | |
| |
| |
| Mixing C and C++ Code | |
| |
| |
| |
| C++'s Dustier Corners | |
| |
| |
| do/while | |
| |
| |
| goto | |
| |
| |
| The?: Construct | |
| |
| |
| The Comma Operator | |
| |
| |
| Overloading the () Operator | |
| |
| |
| Pointers to Members | |
| |
| |
| The asm Statement | |
| |
| |
| The mutable Qualifier | |
| |
| |
| Run Time Type Identification | |
| |
| |
| Trigraphs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Programming Adages | |
| |
| |
| General | |
| |
| |
| Design | |
| |
| |
| Declarations | |
| |
| |
| switch Statement | |
| |
| |
| Preprocessor | |
| |
| |
| Style | |
| |
| |
| Compiling | |
| |
| |
| The Ten Commandments for C++ Programmers | |
| |
| |
| Final Note | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appendixes | |
| |
| |
| |
| ASCII Table | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ranges | |
| |
| |
| |
| Operator Precedence Rules | |
| |
| |
| |
| Computing Sine Using a Power Series | |
| |
| |
| |
| Resources | |
| |
| |
| Index | |