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| List of Maps; Figure; Table | |
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| Preface to the Third Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| Preface to the Second Edition | |
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| Acknowledgements | |
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| Bibliographical note | |
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| Maps | |
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| The Thirteenth Century: Expansion and Hegemony | |
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| Government in the Later Thirteenth Century | |
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| The political contours of thirteenth-century Europe | |
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| Monarchs and subjects | |
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| Kingship and law | |
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| Consent and consultation: medieval parliaments | |
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| Government and administration | |
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| Communes: the medieval city-state | |
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| Institutions of urban government | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| King James I negotiates with the Catalan Estates, 1264 | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Italy and the Mediterranean in the Second Half of the Thirteenth Century | |
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| Italy after 1250 | |
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| Sicily: the struggle for succession | |
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| The papacy, the Angevin alliance and the defeat of the Hohenstaufen | |
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| Venice and the lure of Byzantium | |
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| Aragonese expansion | |
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| The Sicilian revolt | |
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| The late thirteenth-century papacy | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Triumph of the French Monarchy | |
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| The late thirteenth-century Capetians | |
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| Crown and Church: Philip the Fair and Boniface VIII | |
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| Taxation: politics, persecution and consent | |
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| Concepts and images of monarchy and nation | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Fourteenth Century: Crises and Restructuring | |
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| Fragmentation in Germany | |
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| The medieval empire | |
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| Imperial politics from 1273 | |
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| Fragmentation and confederation | |
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| The Swiss Confederation | |
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| The diffusion of power | |
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| The Battle of Morgarten, 1315 | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Economic Setbacks and Developments in the Later Middle Ages | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The European economy to the end of the thirteenth century | |
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| The problems of the fourteenth century | |
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| Plague and popular movements | |
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| New developments | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Troubles of the Roman Church | |
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| The Avignon papacy | |
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| The Great Schism and the conciliar movement | |
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| The Hussite revolution | |
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| Further reading | |
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| French Defeats and Chivalrous Ideals: The Hundred Years War | |
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| The background to the war | |
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| The first phase of the war | |
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| Internal problems of the French monarchy | |
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| The ideals of chivalry | |
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| Chivalry and warfare | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Fifteenth Century: New Dynamics | |
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| The Early Renaissance | |
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| The urban and secular culture of Italy | |
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| A cultural 'rebirth'? | |
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| Wealth, family and patronage | |
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| Florence and the spread of new ideas | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Burgundy, the Great Duchy of the West | |
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| France's internal crisis and the rise and fall of Burgundy | |
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| The Burgundian state | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Philip the Good's Banquet at Lille, 1454 | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Territorial Lordships of Italy | |
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| The decline of the republics | |
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| The rise of the signori: the case of Milan | |
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| Florence and the Medici | |
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| The Italian political system | |
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| Rulers as patrons | |
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| Leonardo da Vinci writes to offer his services to Ludovico 'Il Moro' of Milan, c.1483 | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The French Recovery | |
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| English triumphs and reversals: the end of the war | |
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| Louis XI | |
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| Charles VIII, Louis XII and Italy | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Unification of Spain | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Castile and Aragon | |
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| The marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella | |
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| The rule of Ferdinand and Isabella | |
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| Religious unification | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Further reading | |
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| German Disunity and the Origins of the Reformation | |
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| Emperor, princes and the Church | |
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| Germany and the papacy | |
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| Critics and reformers | |
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| Lutheranism and the Reformation | |
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| German National Sentiment in Celtis' Ingolstadt Address, 1492 | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Western Europe's Peripheries | |
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| The Turkish Conquest of South-Eastern Europe | |
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| Westerners in the East and the decline of Byzantium | |
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| The Ottoman Turks | |
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| Late medieval crusading | |
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| Mahomet II and the fall of Constantinople | |
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| Further reading | |
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| East Central Europe | |
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| Changing concepts of East and West | |
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| Hungary | |
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| Bohemia | |
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| Poland | |
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| The Teutonic knights | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Further reading | |
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| The Atlantic: from Exploration to Hegemony | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Portugal and overseas enterprise | |
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| The foundations for two empires | |
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| Further reading | |
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| New Perspectives | |
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| Population and the Family | |
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| Introduction: medieval demography | |
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| A case study: Florentine Tuscany in the early fifteenth century | |
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| Family structures, strategies and solidarities | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Political Writers and the Stronger State | |
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| Francesco Guicciardini | |
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| Niccolo Machiavelli | |
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| Philippe de Commynes | |
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| Conclusion | |
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| Further reading | |
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| Index | |