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| Introduction | |
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| Why Study Human Rights? | |
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| State Sovereignty and Human Rights | |
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| Human Rights at the Dawn of the Twenty-First Century: The Gap between Rhetoric and Reality | |
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| Organization of the Book | |
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| Human Rights in Theory and Law | |
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| The Contested Meaning of Human Rights | |
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| The Political Nature of Human Rights | |
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| Defining the Concept of Human Rights | |
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| The Philosophical Origins and Sources of Human Rights | |
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| Defining and Categorizing Human Rights in Practice | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| The Development of International Human Rights Law | |
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| Does International Human Rights Law Matter? | |
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| The Historical Foundations of International Human Rights Law | |
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| The United Nations Core of International Human Rights Law | |
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| The Distinction between Human Rights Law and Humanitarian Law | |
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| Feminist Critiques of International Human Rights Law | |
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| Sexual Orientation Discrimination and International Human Rights Law | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Are Human Rights Universal? | |
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| Defining Universalism and Relativism | |
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| Are Human Rights a Western Construct? | |
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| Feminist Perspectives on Universalism and Relativism | |
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| Case Study: Female Genital Mutilation or Female Circumcision? | |
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| Case Study: Male Genital Mutilation or Male Circumcision? | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Human Rights in Practice | |
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| Civil and Political Rights in a World of Sovereign States | |
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| Civil and Political Rights and State Sovereignty in Tension | |
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| Case Study: National Security and Terrorism | |
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| Case Study: Freedom of Movement, Civil Rights, and Sovereignty | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Collective Rights in a World of Sovereign States | |
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| Human Rights as Collective Rights | |
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| Collective Rights and Individual Rights | |
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| Case Study: Self-Determination | |
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| Case Study: Genocide | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Economic and Social Rights in a World of Sovereign States | |
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| Economic and Social Rights as Human Rights | |
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| Economic and Social Rights and State Sovereignty in Tension | |
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| The Relationship between Economic and Social Rights and Civil and Political Rights | |
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| Case Study: Human Development and Poverty | |
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| Case Study: Health and Human Rights | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Sexual Equality and Human Rights | |
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| Sexual Equality as a Human Right | |
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| Women and Sexual Minorities: Special Rights or Human Rights? | |
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| Case Study: Violence against Women | |
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| Case Study: Sex-Specific Abuses of Human Rights during War | |
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| Case Study: Sexual Orientation Discrimination | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Human Rights and the Quest for Justice | |
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| Promoting Human Rights From the Top Down | |
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| Implementing Human Rights through International Organizations and States | |
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| The United Nations Human Rights System | |
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| Regional Human Rights Systems | |
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| States, Foreign Policy, and Human Rights | |
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| Case Study: U.S. Foreign Policy and American Exceptionalism | |
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| Humanitarian Intervention | |
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| Case Study: Humanitarian Intervention in Kosovo | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Punitive Justice and Human Rights | |
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| Punitive Justice as a Response to Human Rights Abuses | |
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| Trials and Punitive Justice | |
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| Trials In Historical Perspective: The Development of Ad Hoc Tribunals | |
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| Ad Hoc Tribunals after World War II: Nuremberg and Tokyo | |
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| The International Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia | |
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| The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda | |
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| The International Criminal Court | |
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| Prosecuting International Crimes in Domestic Courts | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Restorative Justice and Human Rights | |
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| Restorative Justice as a Response to Human Rights Abuses | |
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| Truth Commissions | |
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| Reparations | |
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| Apologies | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Promoting Human Rights From the Bottom Up | |
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| Mobilizing Support for Human Rights in a World of Sovereign States | |
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| Non-State Actors and the Global Struggle for Human Rights | |
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| Case Study: Transnational Corporations and Human Rights | |
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| Case Study: Health and Human Rights Advocacy | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Discussion Questions | |
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| Web Resources | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Notes | |
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| Index | |