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| Preface to the Third Edition | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Prologue: World Scientists' Warning to Humanity | |
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| An Introduction to Ethical Theory | |
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| Moral Argument and Ethical Theory | |
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| Distinguishing Moral and Empirical Claims | |
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| Justification, Explanation, Prediction, and Description | |
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| Moral Argument: The Interplay of Moral and Empirical Claims | |
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| Harm and Benefit | |
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| Evaluating Ethical Theories | |
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| Influential Ethical Ideas and Theories | |
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| From Ethical Egoism to Social Darwinism | |
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| The Divine Command Theory | |
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| Rights Theories | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| Utilitarianism and Economic Theory | |
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| Natural Law Theory | |
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| The Influence of Kant | |
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| Environmental Justice | |
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| The Idea of a Unique Environmental Ethic | |
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| Western Religious and Cultural Perspectives | |
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| Preview | |
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| The Hsitoric Roots of Our Ecologic Crisis | |
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| For God So Loved the World | |
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| Judaism and the Environment | |
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| Stewardship versus Exploitation | |
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| The World as God's Body | |
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| Of God and Pelicans | |
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| Everyone Needs a Stone: Alternative Views of Nature | |
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| Traditional Ecological Knowledge | |
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| Why Bad Things Have Happened to Good Creatures | |
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| The Other Animals | |
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| Preview | |
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| Good Natured--The Origins of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals | |
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| Animal Liberation | |
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| The Case for Animal Rights | |
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| Interspecific Justice | |
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| The Prospects for Consensus and Convergence in the Animal Rights Debate | |
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| The Little Things That Run the World | |
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| Sidelight: Parachuting Cats and Interconnectedness | |
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| Constructing an Environmental Ethic | |
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| The Broader, Biotic Community | |
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| Preview | |
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| On Being Morally Considerable | |
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| Should Trees Have Standing?--Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects | |
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| The Ethics of Respect for Nature | |
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| The Land Ethic | |
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| The Conceptual Foundations of the Land Ethic | |
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| Marine Environmental Ethics | |
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| Integration or Reduction: Two Approaches to Environmental Values | |
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| Deep Ecology and Social Ecology | |
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| Preview | |
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| Deep Ecology | |
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| Self-Realization: An Ecological Approach to Being in the World | |
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| Will Ecology Become "The Dismal Science?" | |
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| Sidelight: Do What's Natural, You Say? | |
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| Ecofeminism | |
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| The Power and Promise of Ecological Feminism | |
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| Development, Ecology, and Women | |
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| How Feminist Is Ecofeminism? | |
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| Economics, Ethics, and Ecology | |
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| Letting the Market Decide | |
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| The Ethical Basis of the Economic View of the Environment | |
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| At the Shrine of Our Lady of Fatima, or Why Political Questions Are Not All Economic | |
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| Cost-Benefit Analysis | |
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| Preview | |
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| Cost-Benefit Analysis: An Ethical Critique | |
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| Cost-Benefit Analysis Defended | |
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| Sidelight: Cost-Benefit Analysis: Tool for All Seasons? | |
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| Earth in the Balance Sheet | |
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| From the Commons to Property | |
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| The Tragedy of the Commons | |
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| The Tragedy of Enclosure | |
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| The Creation of Property | |
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| Property Rights in Natural Resources | |
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| Takings, Just Compensation, and the Environment | |
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| Human Population and Pressure on "Resources" | |
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| An Essay on the Principle of Population | |
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| Sidelight: If Earth Could Speak | |
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| Lifeboat Ethics | |
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| Can the Supply of Natural Resources Really Be Infinite? Yes! | |
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| Population, Poverty and the Local Environment | |
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| Future Generations and Sustainability Questions | |
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| Future Generations | |
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| Sidelight: The Nuclear Train to the Future | |
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| Sustainability: An Economist's Perspective | |
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| Sustainability | |
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| Environmental Problems and Policies | |
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| Preserving Biodiversity | |
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| The Diversity of Life | |
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| What Is a Species? | |
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| Why Do Species Matter? | |
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| Why Species Matter | |
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| Food and Agriculture | |
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| A Plant's-Eye View of the World | |
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| Patenting Life | |
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| Brute-Force Genetic Engineering | |
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| Genes in the Good! | |
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| Nature as the Measure for a Sustainable Agriculture | |
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| What's in the Meat | |
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| Wilderness and Forests | |
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| Preview | |
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| Radical American Environmentalism and Wilderness Preservation: A Third World Critique | |
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| Tropical Forests and Their Species: Going, Going ...? | |
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| The Mismanagement of the National Forests | |
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| Forest Service Policy | |
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| Corporate Responsibility | |
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| Preview | |
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| Environmental Racism | |
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| Consumption and the Environment | |
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| Consumption as a Theme in the North-South Dialogue | |
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| The Chainsaws of Greed: The Case of Pacific Lumber | |
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| Why Shouldn't Corporations Be Socially Responsible? | |
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| "I Am No Greenpeacer, But ..." or Environmentalism, Risk Communication, and the Lower Middle Class | |
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| Sliding to Global Catastrophe | |
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| Preview | |
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| Silent Spring | |
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| The Case That the World Has Reached Limits | |
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| The Climate-Change Debacle: The Perils of Politicizing Science | |
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| A Response | |
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| Climate Change Science | |
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| Sidelight: Let's Transform the Military | |
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| Varieties of Activism | |
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| Preview | |
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| Strategic Monkeywrenching | |
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| The Sea Shepherds: Bringing Justice to the High Seas | |
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| An Apologia for Activism: Global Responsibility, Ethical Advocacy, and Environmental Problems | |
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| Involuntary Simplicity: Changing Dysfunctional Habits of Consumption | |
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| Sidelight: A Resistance Movement of One's Own | |
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| Learning and Research Tools | |
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| Glossary | |
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| Time Chart | |
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| Internet and Other Environmental Resources | |
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| Bibliography | |