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| Metaethical Issues | |
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| How Ethical Issues Arise: An Example | |
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| What Is Ethics? | |
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| Why Simply Obeying the Law Is Not Sufficient | |
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| Does Morality Depend on Religion? | |
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| Are Moral Standards "Relative"? | |
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| Is Ethics Possible, Given the Facts of Human Nature? | |
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| Freedom and Determinism | |
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| Psychological Egoism | |
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| Ethical Egoism | |
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| The Pursuit of Moral Wisdom | |
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| The Broader Context of Moral Wisdom | |
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| Western Ethical Perspectives | |
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| Greek Virtue Ethics | |
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| Introduction: Knowledge, Virtue, and Happiness | |
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| Profile | |
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| Socrates and Plato: The Reality of the Good, the Identity of Knowledge and Virtue | |
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| Aristotle: Virtue and Human Flourishing | |
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| Aristotle | |
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| The Good for Human Beings | |
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| Moral Virtue | |
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| Pleasure and Happiness | |
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| Christian Natural Law Ethics | |
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| Introduction: Faith and Reason in Medieval Philosophy | |
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| Profile | |
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| Augustine: Human Sinfulness and the Love of God | |
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| St. Thomas Aquinas: Reason, Happiness, and Divine Law | |
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| St. Thomas Aquinas | |
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| The Proper End for Human Beings | |
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| Human Happiness | |
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| On Divine and Natural Law | |
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| The Ethics of Duty | |
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| Introduction: Ethics in the European Enlightenment | |
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| Profile | |
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| David Hume: Reason, the Slave of the Passions | |
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| Immanuel Kant: Reason and Universal Ethical Principles | |
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| Immanuel Kant | |
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| The Good Will and Duty | |
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| The Categorical Imperative | |
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| The Autonomy of the Will | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| Introduction: Pleasure, Pain, and Utility | |
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| Profile | |
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| Jeremy Bentham: Quantifying Pleasure and Pain | |
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| John Stuart Mill: The Doctrine of Utility Defended | |
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| John Stuart Mill | |
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| Utilitarianism: General Remarks | |
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| What Utilitarianism Is | |
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| Of the Ultimate Sanction of the Principle of Utility | |
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| Of What Sort of Proof the Principle of Utility Is Susceptible | |
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| Eastern Ethical Perspectives | |
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| Confucianism | |
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| Introduction: Benevolence and Humanity | |
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| Confucius: The Ritualization of Life | |
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| Profile | |
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| Mencius: Cultivating the Ren-Mind | |
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| Confucius | |
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| Selections from the Analects | |
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| Selections from The Great Learning | |
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| Selections from The Doctrine of the Mean | |
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| Daoism (Taoism) | |
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| Introduction: Finding the Way | |
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| Lao Zi: Nature and the Harmony of Opposites | |
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| Dao | |
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| Yin-yang | |
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| Harmony of Opposites and Relativity | |
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| Reversal and Cyclicity | |
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| Nonaction | |
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| Profile | |
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| Zhuang Zi (Chuang Tzu): The Equality of Things | |
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| Lao Zi: Dao De Jing | |
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| Chuang Tzu: Basic Writings | |
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| Hinduism | |
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| Introduction: Spirituality, Freedom, and the Conduct of Life | |
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| The Sacred Scriptures of Hinduism: Wisdom through the Ages | |
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| Profile | |
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| Mahatma Gandhi: The Way of Nonviolence and Truth | |
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| From the Rg Veda: Creation, Eternal Law, and Right Conduct | |
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| From the Upanishads: The Nature of the Self and the Way to Brahman | |
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| From the Bhagavad Gita: Work, Nonattachment, and Wisdom | |
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| From the Mahabharata: The Conduct of Life | |
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| From the Laws of Manu: The Means of Attaining the Chief Good | |
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| Buddhism | |
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| Introduction: The Path to Enlightenment | |
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| The Buddha: Suffering and the Middle Way | |
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| The Middle Way | |
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| The Four Noble Truths | |
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| The Eightfold Path | |
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| Profile | |
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| Nagarjuna: Emptiness and the State of Perfect Wisdom | |
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| Buddha: Basic Doctrines | |
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| On Karma and Rebirth | |
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| The Path to Nirvana | |
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| Some Contemporary Moral Issues | |
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| Sexual Morality | |
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| Introduction: The Ethics of Sex | |
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| Roger Scruton, Sexual Morality | |
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| Roger Scruton: Sexual Morality | |
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| Alan H. Goldman, Plain Sex | |
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| Alan H. Goldman: Plain Sex | |
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| Chung M. Tse, Confucianism and Contemporary Ethical Issues | |
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| Chung M. Tse: Confucianism and Contemporary Ethical Issues | |
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| Geoffrey Parrinder, Chinese Yin and Yang | |
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| Geoffrey Parrinder: Chinese Yin and Yang | |
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| Abortion | |
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| Introduction: The Problem of Abortion | |
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| Don Marquis, Why Abortion Is Immoral | |
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| Don Marquis: Why Abortion Is Immoral | |
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| Judith Jarvis Thomson, A Defense of Abortion | |
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| Judith Jarvis Thomson: A Defense of Abortion | |
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| Ren Zong Qiu, Chun Zhi Wang, and Yuan Gu, Can Late Abortion Be Ethically Justified? | |
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| Ren Zong Qiu, Chun Zhi Wang, and Yuan Gu: Can Late Abortion Be Ethically Justified? | |
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| R. E. Florida, Buddhist Approaches to Abortion | |
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| R. E. Florida: Buddhist Approaches to Abortion | |
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| Suicide and Euthanasia | |
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| Introduction: Facing Death | |
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| John Hardwig, Is There a Duty to Die? | |
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| John Hardwig: Is There a Duty to Die? | |
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| Richard B. Brandt, The Morality and Rationality of Suicide | |
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| Richard B. Brandt: The Morality and Rationality of Suicide | |
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| Carl B. Becker, Buddhist Views of Suicide and Euthanasia | |
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| Carl B. Becker: Buddhist Views of Suicide and Euthanasia | |
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| Katherine K. Young, Traditional Hindu Views on Planned Self-Willed Death and Euthanasia | |
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| Katherine K. Young: Traditional Hindu Views on Planned Self-Willed Death and Euthanasia | |
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| Morality within the Family | |
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| Introduction: The Moral Obligations of Parents and Children | |
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| Jane English, What Do Grown Children Owe Their Parents? | |
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| Jane English: What Do Grown Children Owe Their Parents? | |
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| Christina Hoff Sommers, Filial Morality | |
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| Christina Hoff Sommers: Filial Morality | |
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| Chenyang Li, Grown Children's Filial Obligation | |
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| Chenyang Li: Grown Children's Filial Obligation | |
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| Brian K. Smith, Morality within the Family: The Hindu Tradition | |
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| Brian K. Smith: Morality within the Family: The Hindu Tradition | |
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| Technology | |
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| Introduction: The Ethical Challenge of Technology | |
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| Hans Jonas, Technology and Responsibility: Reflections on the New Task of Ethics | |
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| Hans Jonas: Technology and Responsibility: Reflections on the New Task of Ethics | |
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| Robert Snyder and Mary I. Bockover, The Internet East and West: A Moral Appraisal | |
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| Robert Snyder and Mary I. Bockover: The Internet East and West: A Moral Appraisal | |
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| James J. Walter, "Playing God" or Properly Exercising Human Responsibility? Some Theological Reflections on Human Germ-Line Therapy | |
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| James J. Walter: "Playing God" or Properly Exercising Human Responsibility? Some Theological Reflections on Human Germ-Line Therapy | |
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| Swasti Bhattacharyya, Reproductive Technology and Cloning through Hindu Perspectives | |
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| Swasti Bhattacharyya: Reproductive Technology and Cloning through Hindu Perspectives | |
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| Ethics in the Media | |
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| Introduction: Morality and the Media | |
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| A. David Gordon, Truth as an Unnecessary Ethical Standard in Advertising | |
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| A. David Gordon: Truth as an Unnecessary Ethical Standard in Advertising | |
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| Carol Reuss, The Need for Honesty in Advertising | |
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| Carol Reuss: The Need for Honesty in Advertising | |
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| Peter D. Hershock, Media, Attention, and the Colonization of Consciousness: A Buddhist Perspective | |
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| Peter D. Hershock: Media, Attention, and the Colonization of Consciousness: A Buddhist Perspective | |
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| Steven DeCaroli, Assuming Identities: Media, Security, and Personal Privacy | |
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| Steven DeCaroli: Assuming Identities: Media, Security, and Personal Privacy | |
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| Ethics in Business | |
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| Introduction: Money and Morality | |
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| Dennis P. McCann and Joanna Lam Kit Chun, Aristotelian Perspectives on Business Ethics | |
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| Dennis P. McCann and Joanna Lam Kit Chun: Aristotelian Perspectives on Business Ethics | |
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| Richard McCarty, Business and Benevolence | |
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| Richard McCarty: Business and Benevolence | |
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| Dennis P. McCann and Joanna Lam Kit Chun, Premodern Confucian Perspectives on Business Ethics | |
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| Dennis P. McCann and Joanna Lam Kit Chun: Premodern Confucian Perspectives on Business Ethics | |
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| Xiusheng Liu, Spirituality and Morality: An Indian Ethical View of Economics and Business | |
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| Xiusheng Liu: Spirituality and Morality: An Indian Ethical View of Economics and Business | |
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| The Environment | |
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| Introduction: The Value of Nature | |
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| Paul W. Taylor, The Ethics of Respect for Nature | |
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| Paul W. Taylor: The Ethics of Respect for Nature | |
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| William F. Baxter, A "Good" Environment: Just One of the Set of Human Objectives | |
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| William F. Baxter: A "Good" Environment: Just One of the Set of Human Objectives | |
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| Lily de Silva, The Buddhist Attitude Toward Nature | |
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| Lily De Silva: The Buddhist Attitude Toward Nature | |
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| Mary Evelyn Tucker, Ecological Themes in Taoism and Confucianism | |
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| Mary Evelyn Tucker: Ecological Themes in Taoism and Confucianism | |