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| Introduction | |
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| Definition of Hydraulics | |
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| Distinction Among Hydraulics, Hydrology, and Fluid Mechanics | |
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| Classification of Hydraulics | |
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| Subject Matter of Hydraulics | |
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| Environmental and Water Resources Problems Involving Hydraulic Applications | |
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| Classification of Hydraulic Problems | |
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| Scientific Approach to Investigating Hydraulic Problems | |
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| Simplification of Scientific Approach | |
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| Hydraulic Modeling | |
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| Scientific Foundations for the Study of Hydraulics | |
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| Dimensions | |
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| Systems of Units | |
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| Scope and Organization of the Book Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Fluid Mechanic Preliminaries | |
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| Fundamental Properties of Fluids and Flow Types | |
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| Measures of Fluid Mass and Weight | |
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| Viscosity | |
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| Compressibility of Fluids | |
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| Thermal Expansion | |
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| Surface Tension | |
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| Vapor Pressure Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Forces, Motion, and Energy | |
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| Hydraulic Parameters | |
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| Forces | |
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| Motions | |
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| Relation between Forces and Motions | |
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| Energy | |
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| Relation between Force and Energy | |
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| Mass, Momentum and Energy Fluxes | |
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| Significance of Relative Magnitudes of Forces and Energy | |
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| Regimes of Flow Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Hydrostatics | |
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| Pressure at a Point | |
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| Pressure Field | |
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| Variation of Pressure in a Fluid at Rest | |
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| Standard Atmosphere | |
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| Hydrostatic Force on Immersed Surfaces | |
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| Graphical Representation of Hydrostatic Forces | |
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| Buoyancy and Stability | |
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| Measurement of Pressure | |
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| Manometer Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Hydraulic Principles | |
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| Governing Equations | |
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| Mass Conservation: The Continuity Equation | |
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| Energy Conservation: The Bernoulli Equation | |
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| Momentum Conservation: The Momentum Equation | |
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| Choice between Momentum and Energy Equations Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Dimensional Analysis and Hydraulic Similarity | |
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| Fundamental Dimensions, Systems of Units and Hydraulic Variables | |
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| Empirical Formulation of General Flow Equation | |
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| Methods of Dimensional Analysis | |
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| Hydraulic Scale Models | |
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| Types of Similarity | |
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| Dominating Forces | |
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| Distorted Models Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Flow Resistance and Velocity Distributions | |
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| Factors Affecting Flow Resistance | |
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| Steady Uniform Flow | |
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| Resistance Equations for Steady Uniform Flow | |
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| Velocity Distributions in Steady, Uniform Flow | |
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| Power Law Velocity Distributions Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Closed Conduit Flow | |
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| General Energy Considerations | |
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| Resistance Applications and Friction Losses in Pipes | |
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| Empirical Resistance Equations | |
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| Minor Losses in Pipes | |
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| Water Distribution Systems | |
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| Transient Flow in Closed Conduits | |
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| Surge tanks Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Pumps | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Overall Efficiency of Hydraulic Machines | |
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| Classification of Pumps | |
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| Positive (Displacement) Pumps | |
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| Dynamic Pressure Pumps | |
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| Pumps Operating in Combination Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Channel Geometry | |
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| Channel Flow | |
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| Types of Open Channels | |
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| Channel Geometry | |
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| Geometric Elements | |
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| Cross Section Asymmetry | |
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| Compound Sections | |
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| Channel Slope | |
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| River Hydraulic Geometry | |
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| Hydraulic Geometry of Basins | |
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| Measurement of Geometric Elements of Natural Rivers Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Resistance in Open Channels | |
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| Steady, Uniform Flow in Open Channels | |
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| Calculation of Normal depth | |
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| Other Applications | |
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| Channel Efficiency | |
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| Resistance in Steady, Nonuniform Flow | |
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| Concluding Remarks Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Energy Principle in Open Channels | |
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| Total Energy and Specific Energy | |
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| Specific Energy Diagram | |
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| Mathematical Solution of the Energy Equation | |
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| Critical Flow Conditions | |
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| Discharge-Depth Relation for Constant Specific Energy | |
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| Application of Energy Principle | |
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| Dimensionless Representation of Specific Energy Diagram Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Momentum Principle in Open Channels | |
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| Momentum Function | |
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| Hydraulic Jump (Standing Wave) | |
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| Conjugate or Sequent Depths | |
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| Energy Loss in Hydraulic Jump | |
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| Geometry of Hydraulic Jumps | |
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| Classification of Hydraulic Jumps | |
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| Underflow (Sluice) Gates | |
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| Forced Jumps | |
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| Hydraulic Jumps in Expanding Sections | |
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| Jumps in Rectangular Channels with Sloping Beds | |
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| Oblique Jumps Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Gradually Varied Flow | |
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| Gradually Varied Flow Equation | |
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| Water surface Profiles | |
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| Outlining Water Surface Profiles | |
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| Jump Location and Water Surface Profiles Between Steep and Mild Reaches | |
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| Control Sections Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Hydraulic Applications and Design | |
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| Computation of Water Surface Profiles | |
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| Numerical Integration Method | |
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| Direct Step Method | |
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| Standard Step Method | |
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| HEC-RAS | |
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| Geographical Information Systems Applications Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Design of Hydraulic Controls and Structures | |
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| Basic Principles | |
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| Design of Hydraulic Drainage and Control Structures Reading Aid Problems References | |
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| Conversion Factors | |
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| Table for Determining F (U, N) for Positive Slopes | |