| Molecules and Life | p. 1 |
| Biochemistry: Setting the Stage | p. 3 |
| The Roots of Modern Biochemistry | p. 5 |
| Living Matter Contains C, H, O, N, P, and S | p. 9 |
| Biological Macromolecules | p. 11 |
| Organelles, Cells, and Organisms | p. 13 |
| The Flow of Biological Information: Cell Communication | p. 29 |
| Storage of Biological Information in DNA | p. 31 |
| Transfer of Biological Information to RNA | p. 34 |
| Protein Synthesis | p. 36 |
| Errors in DNA Processing | p. 39 |
| Information Flow Through Cell membranes | p. 40 |
| Diseases of Cellular Communication and Drug Design | p. 43 |
| Biomolecules in Water | p. 47 |
| Water, the Biological Solvent | p. 49 |
| Hydrogen Bonding and Solubility | p. 52 |
| Cellular Reactions of Water | p. 55 |
| Buffer Systems | p. 61 |
| Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins | p. 69 |
| The Amino Acids in Proteins | p. 70 |
| Polypeptides and Proteins | p. 78 |
| Protein Function | p. 79 |
| Protein Size, Composition, and Properties | p. 82 |
| Four Levels of Protein Structure | p. 84 |
| Protein Primary Structure | p. 84 |
| Dynamic Function of Biomolecules | p. 95 |
| Protein Architecture and Biological Function | p. 97 |
| General Principles of Protein Design | p. 98 |
| Elements of Secondary Structure | p. 102 |
| Protein Tertiary Structure | p. 107 |
| Protein Quaternary Structure | p. 110 |
| Protein Structure and Biological Function | p. 111 |
| Enzymes I: Reactions, Kinetics, and Inhibition | p. 125 |
| Enzymes As Biological Catalysts | p. 126 |
| The Kinetic Properties of Enzymes | p. 130 |
| Substrate Binding and Enzyme Action | p. 136 |
| Enzyme Inhibition | p. 141 |
| Enzymes II: Coenzymes, Regulation, Abzymes, and Ribozymes | p. 155 |
| Enzyme: Coenzyme Partners | p. 156 |
| Allosteric Enzymes | p. 161 |
| Cellular Regulation of Enzymes | p. 167 |
| Site-Directed Mutagenesis and Abzymes | p. 170 |
| Ribozymes | p. 172 |
| Carbohydrates: Structure and Biological Function | p. 179 |
| Monosaccharides | p. 180 |
| Carbohydrates in Cyclic Structures | p. 182 |
| Reactions of Monosaccharides | p. 186 |
| Polysaccharides | p. 192 |
| Glycoproteins | p. 198 |
| Lipids, Biological Membranes, and Cellular Transport | p. 207 |
| Fatty Acids | p. 209 |
| Triacylglycerols | p. 211 |
| Polar Lipids | p. 216 |
| Steroids and Other Lipids | p. 219 |
| Biological Membranes | p. 225 |
| Membrane Transport | p. 229 |
| Examples of Membrane Transport | p. 232 |
| Storage and Transfer of Biological Information | p. 241 |
| DNA and RNA: Structure and Function | p. 243 |
| RNA and DNA Chemical Structures | p. 244 |
| DNA Structural Elements | p. 251 |
| RNA Structural Elements | p. 258 |
| Cleavage of DNA and RNA by Nucleases | p. 261 |
| Nucleic Acid-Protein Complexes | p. 264 |
| DNA Replication and Transcription: Biosynthesis of DNA and RNA | p. 271 |
| Replication of DNA | p. 272 |
| Action of DNA Polymerases | p. 277 |
| DNA Damage and Repair | p. 283 |
| Synthesis of RNA | p. 287 |
| Post-transcriptional Modification of RNA | p. 293 |
| Base Sequences in DNA | p. 298 |
| Translation of RNA: The Genetic Code and Protein Metabolism | p. 305 |
| The Process of Protein Synthesis | p. 306 |
| The Three Stages of Protein Synthesis | p. 312 |
| Post-Translational Processing of Proteins | p. 320 |
| Regulation of Protein Synthesis and Gene Expression | p. 325 |
| Recombinant DNA and Other Topics in Biotechnology | p. 337 |
| Recombinant DNA Technology | p. 338 |
| Preparing Recombinant DNA | p. 342 |
| DNA Amplification by the Polymerase Chain Reaction | p. 349 |
| Applications of Recombinant DNA Technology | p. 352 |
| Metabolism and Energy | p. 363 |
| Basic Concepts of Cellular Metabolism and Bioenergetics | p. 365 |
| Intermediary Metabolism | p. 368 |
| The Chemistry of Metabolism | p. 372 |
| Concepts of Bioenergetics | p. 379 |
| Metabolism of Carbohydrates | p. 393 |
| The Energy Metabolism of Glucose | p. 395 |
| Entry of Other Carbohydrates into Glycolysis | p. 400 |
| Pyruvate Metabolism | p. 403 |
| Biosynthesis of Carbohydrates | p. 406 |
| Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism | p. 413 |
| Production of NADH and NADPH: The Citric Acid Cycle, the Glyoxylate Cycle, and the Phosphogluconate Pathway | p. 423 |
| The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex | p. 425 |
| The Citric Acid Cycle | p. 433 |
| The Citric Acid Cycle in Regulation and Biosynthesis | p. 438 |
| The Glyoxylate Cycle | p. 441 |
| The Phosphogluconate Pathway | p. 443 |
| ATP Formation by Electron-Transport Chains | p. 449 |
| Mitochondrial Electron Transport | p. 450 |
| Components of the Electron-Transport Chain | p. 454 |
| Oxidative Phosphorylation | p. 459 |
| Recycling of Cytoplasmic NADH | p. 463 |
| Photosynthetic Electron Transport | p. 465 |
| Synthesis of Carbohydrates by the Calvin Cycle | p. 478 |
| Metabolism of Fatty Acids and Lipids | p. 487 |
| Metabolism of Dietary Triacylglycerols | p. 488 |
| Catabolism of Fatty Acids | p. 493 |
| Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids | p. 502 |
| Cholesterol | p. 507 |
| Transport of Lipids in Blood | p. 514 |
| Metabolism of Amino Acids and Other Nitrogenous Compounds | p. 523 |
| The Nitrogen Cycle | p. 524 |
| Biosynthesis of Amino Acids | p. 528 |
| Catabolism of Amino Acids | p. 532 |
| Elimination of NH[superscript + subscript 4] | p. 538 |
| Amino Acids as Precursors of Other Biomolecules | p. 541 |
| Integration, Coordination, and Specialization in Metabolism | p. 557 |
| Overall Strategies of Metabolism | p. 558 |
| Metabolic Specialization and Integration | p. 561 |
| Metabolic Control by Hormones | p. 566 |
| Metabolic Responses to Stressful Conditions | p. 568 |
| Biochemical Factors in Obesity | p. 571 |
| Glossary | p. 577 |
| Answers to Study Exercises | p. 589 |
| Credits | p. 615 |
| Index | p. 617 |
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