Preface | p. xi |
The Nature and Study of Power | p. 3 |
Power, Society, and Social Science | p. 4 |
The Nature of Power | p. 4 |
Power and the Social Sciences | p. 8 |
Masters of Social Thought: Bertrand Russell: Power Is to the Social Sciences | p. 9 |
Social Sciences and Social Problems | p. 14 |
About This Chapter | p. 16 |
For Discussion | p. 16 |
On the Web: Exploring Power and Society | p. 16 |
Social Sciences and the Scientific Method | p. 18 |
Science and the Scientific Method | p. 18 |
Focus: The Vocabulary of Social Science | p. 19 |
What Is a "Fact"? | p. 23 |
The Classic Scientific Research Design | p. 23 |
Controversies in Social Science: Can Social Science Be Scientific? | p. 24 |
Gathering Data: Survey Research | p. 26 |
Focus: Abortion: A Hot-Button Issue | p. 30 |
Focus: Changing College Student Opinions | p. 33 |
Case Study: An Experiment in Preventing Underage Drinking | p. 36 |
About This Chapter | p. 38 |
For Discussion | p. 39 |
On the Web: Exploring the Social Sciences | p. 39 |
Power and Ideology | p. 41 |
The Power of Ideas | p. 41 |
Classical Liberalism: The Least Government Is the Best Government | p. 42 |
Modern Liberalism: Government Power to "Do Good" | p. 43 |
Focus: Selected Direct Quotations from Ideologies | p. 44 |
Modern Conservatism: Individualism and Traditional Values | p. 45 |
Focus: How to Tell if You're Liberal or Conservative | p. 47 |
Masters of Social Thought: Neoconservative Irving Kristol | p. 50 |
Fascism: The Supremacy of Race and Nation | p. 52 |
Socialism: Government Ownership, Central Planning | p. 56 |
Case Study: The Rise and Fall of Communism In Russia | p. 57 |
Why Communism Collapsed | p. 60 |
About This Chapter | p. 62 |
For Discussion | p. 62 |
On the Web: Exploring Ideologies | p. 53 |
Power and the Social Sciences | p. 65 |
Power and Culture | p. 66 |
The Origins of Power | p. 66 |
Culture: Ways of Life | p. 67 |
Masters of Social Thought: Ruth Benedict and Patterns of Culture | p. 69 |
The Components of Culture | p. 70 |
The Nature of Culture | p. 72 |
Masters of Social Thought: Clifford Geertz's Anti Anti-Relativism | p. 75 |
Controversies in Social Sciences: The World's Missing Girls | p. 76 |
Authority in the Family | p. 78 |
Focus: Social Science Looks at Sex in America | p. 79 |
International Perspective: Women in the Workforce | p. 83 |
Power and Gender | p. 86 |
Focus: Marriage American Style | p. 87 |
International Perspective: Liberia's Iron Lady: President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf | p. 88 |
Power and Political Systems | p. 90 |
Focus: Power and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | p. 92 |
Power and Society: Some Anthropological Observations | p. 94 |
About This Chapter | p. 95 |
For Discussion | p. 95 |
On the Web: Exploring Anthropology | p. 95 |
Power and Social Class | p. 97 |
Power Relations and Social Stratification | p. 97 |
Stratification in American Society | p. 98 |
Sociology and the Study of Social Classes | p. 102 |
Inequality in America | p. 105 |
International Perspective: Beliefs about Equality and Opportunity | p. 108 |
Social Mobility: The Ups and Downs | p. 109 |
Class as a Determinant of Lifestyle | p. 111 |
Masters of Social Thought: C. Wright Mills and the Power Elite | p. 113 |
International Perspective: Global Inequalities | p. 116 |
Social Classes: Conflict And Conciliation | p. 118 |
Masters of Social Thought: Karl Marx and the Class Struggle | p. 119 |
Social Class and Political Power | p. 120 |
About This Chapter | p. 123 |
For Discussion | p. 124 |
On the Web: Exploring Sociology | p. 124 |
Power and Personality | p. 125 |
Personality and Individual Responses to Power | p. 125 |
Our Genetic Code | p. 127 |
Focus: DNA as a Genealogical Tool | p. 128 |
Focus: DNA: Blueprint to Life | p. 130 |
Nurture and Human Development | p. 131 |
Approaches to Psychology And Personality | p. 132 |
Focus: Inside the Brain | p. 133 |
Focus: Evolutionary Psychology: The Mating Game | p. 137 |
Masters of Social Thought: Sigmund Freud and Psychoanalytic Theory | p. 138 |
Behaviorism and Learning Theory | p. 140 |
Masters of Social Thought: B. F. Skinner and the Control of Human Behavior | p. 143 |
International Perspective: The Self in Individualist and Collectivist Cultures | p. 145 |
Power and the Study of Psychology | p. 149 |
Treating Mental Illness | p. 149 |
Case Study: Diagnosing Mental Illness | p. 150 |
Focus: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Not Just a Soldier's Disease | p. 154 |
Powerlessness and Mental Health | p. 156 |
Case Study: Dying for Power | p. 157 |
About This Chapter | p. 158 |
For Discussion | p. 158 |
On the Web: Exploring Psychology | p. 159 |
Power and the Economic Order | p. 161 |
Power and Economic Organization | p. 161 |
The Market System, Hard Boiled and Impersonal | p. 162 |
Supply, Demand, and the Market Price | p. 165 |
Measuring America's Wealth | p. 167 |
Focus: Interest Rates and You | p. 168 |
Masters of Social Thought: Adam Smith and Laissez-Faire Economics | p. 170 |
International Perspective: GNP and Standards of Living | p. 173 |
Government in a Free Market Economy | p. 174 |
Case Study: Achieving Economic Stability | p. 176 |
Masters of Social Thought: John M. Keynes and the Mixed Economy | p. 177 |
Supply-Side Economics | p. 178 |
Case Study: The Recent Performance of the American Economy | p. 180 |
Government Money: Where It Comes From and Where It Goes | p. 182 |
Government Debt, Deficits, and Surpluses | p. 184 |
International Perspective: A Look at Government Debt | p. 185 |
The Concentration of Economic Power | p. 186 |
Focus: The Concentration of Corporate Power | p. 187 |
The Globalization of Economic Power | p. 190 |
International Perspective: The Multinationals' Global Economic Power | p. 192 |
About This Chapter | p. 195 |
For Discussion | p. 195 |
On the Web: Exploring Economics | p. 196 |
Power and Government | p. 198 |
Politics, Political Science, and Government Power | p. 198 |
The Meaning of Democracy | p. 199 |
Masters of Social Thought: John Locke and Constitutionalism | p. 201 |
Power and the American Constitution | p. 202 |
Controversies in Social Science: Direct versus Representative Democracy | p. 206 |
Federalism and the Growth of Government Power | p. 209 |
Federalism Today | p. 210 |
Power and the Branches of the Federal Government | p. 212 |
Focus: Rating the Presidents | p. 213 |
Focus: Explaining Presidential Approval Ratings | p. 216 |
Case Study: A Return to the Imperial Presidency | p. 219 |
Focus: Bush v. Gore in the U.S. Supreme Court | p. 226 |
The Power of Congress | p. 226 |
The Power of the Courts | p. 229 |
Power and Political Behavior in the United States | p. 232 |
Political Parties in the United States | p. 235 |
Differences between Democrats and Republicans | p. 236 |
Focus: Media Power: The Presidential Debates | p. 238 |
Power and American Government | p. 241 |
About This Chapter | p. 241 |
For Discussion | p. 242 |
On the Web: Exploring Government and Politics | p. 242 |
Power and History | p. 244 |
History and Social Science | p. 244 |
History and the American Experience | p. 244 |
Controversies in Social Science: Charles Beard and the Economic Interests of the Founders | p. 246 |
The Rise of Western Elites | p. 248 |
The Civil War and Elite Division | p. 249 |
Power in the Post-Civil War Era | p. 253 |
Power and the Industrial Revolution | p. 257 |
Masters of Social Thought: Jane Addams and the Settlement House Movement | p. 259 |
The New Deal and the Emergence of the "Liberal Establishment" | p. 260 |
Case Study: Vietnam: A Political History | p. 261 |
About This Chapter | p. 265 |
For Discussion | p. 265 |
On the Web: Exploring History | p. 266 |
The Uses of Power | p. 269 |
Power, Race, and Gender | p. 270 |
Racism in American History | p. 270 |
The Civil Rights Movement | p. 272 |
Masters of Social Thought: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Power of Protest | p. 274 |
Continuing Inequalities | p. 276 |
Hispanic Power | p. 277 |
Controversies in Social Science: Affirmative Action and the Constitution | p. 278 |
Immigration to America | p. 283 |
Native Americans: An Historical Overview | p. 287 |
Power and Gender | p. 291 |
Sex Inequality: Culture or Biology? | p. 293 |
The Long History of Women's Protests | p. 294 |
Focus: A Declaration of Women's Rights, 1848 | p. 296 |
Why Are There So Few Women in Power? | p. 297 |
Sexual Discrimination: Sexual Harassment and the Law | p. 298 |
Focus: Professor Anita Hill's Testimony in the Supreme Court Confirmation Hearing of Clarence Thomas | p. 300 |
Abortion and the Law | p. 304 |
Gay and Lesbian Rights | p. 306 |
About This Chapter | p. 307 |
For Discussion | p. 307 |
On the Web: Exploring Power, Race, and Gender | p. 308 |
Poverty and Powerlessness | p. 309 |
Poverty as Powerlessness | p. 309 |
Poverty in the United States | p. 310 |
Case Study: How Is Poverty Measured? | p. 311 |
Is There a Culture of Poverty? | p. 313 |
Focus: Who Are the Poor? | p. 314 |
Focus: America's Shame: Our Poor Children | p. 316 |
International Perspective: A Cure for Poverty? The Gates Foundation | p. 318 |
Government and Social Welfare | p. 319 |
International Perspective: Income of the Poor in Advanced Democracies | p. 322 |
Case Study: Senior Power | p. 323 |
Homelessness in America | p. 325 |
Controversies in Social Science: Is Welfare Reform Working? | p. 326 |
About This Chapter | p. 328 |
For Discussion | p. 328 |
On the Web: Exploring Poverty and Powerlessness | p. 329 |
Power, Violence, and Crime | p. 330 |
Power and Individual Freedom | p. 330 |
Violence in American History | p. 330 |
Focus: September 11, 2001, by the Numbers: The Attacks on the World Trade Center | p. 335 |
The Problem of Crime | p. 336 |
Focus: It's a Real Crime! | p. 338 |
The Constitutional Rights of Defendants | p. 340 |
International Perspective: The Death Penalty | p. 346 |
Crime and Drugs | p. 352 |
An Economic Perspective on Crime | p. 353 |
Focus: Getting High | p. 354 |
Controversies in Social Science: Should Drugs Be Legalized? | p. 355 |
A Psychological Perspective on Crime: The Antisocial Personality | p. 356 |
Controversies in Social Science: Incarceration or Education? | p. 357 |
Case Study: The Insanity Defense | p. 358 |
Social and Cultural Perspectives on Crime | p. 360 |
About This Chapter | p. 362 |
For Discussion | p. 362 |
On the Web: Exploring Power, Crime, and Violence | p. 363 |
Power and the Global Community | p. 365 |
The Global Community | p. 365 |
Globalization in Perspective | p. 365 |
The Global Problem of Poverty | p. 365 |
Masters of Social Thought: Immanuel Wallerstein | p. 367 |
Focus: The Least-Developed Countries | p. 368 |
The Global Problems of Hunger and Malnourishment | p. 359 |
Focus: Afghanistan | p. 372 |
Health and Health Care in the Global Community | p. 375 |
Still a Global Problem: Slavery | p. 377 |
Global Population Growth | p. 381 |
The Structure of Urban Life in the Global Community | p. 383 |
International Perspective: Worldwide Urbanization | p. 384 |
About This Chapter | p. 388 |
For Discussion | p. 388 |
On the Web: Exploring Power and the Global Community | p. 389 |
Power Among Nations | p. 390 |
International Politics | p. 390 |
International Perspective: An American Dream? | p. 391 |
Bringing Order to International Relations | p. 392 |
Focus: Know Your Geography | p. 393 |
A Brief History of the Cold War | p. 396 |
The Control of Nuclear Arms | p. 400 |
International Politics in a Post-September 11 World | p. 404 |
Focus: Al Qaeda | p. 405 |
Unanticipated Threats | p. 407 |
Case Study: American Military Power: The Gulf War and the War in Iraq | p. 408 |
Controversies in Social Science: When Should the United States Use Military Force? | p. 410 |
About This Chapter | p. 412 |
For Discussion | p. 412 |
On the Web: Exploring Power among Nations | p. 412 |
Notes | p. 414 |
Index | p. 420 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |