James Parsons is Associate Professor of Music History at Southwest Missouri State University in Springfield, Missouri. He is the author of numerous essays on German song, including the article on the eighteenth-century Lied for the second edition of The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. His article ''Deine Zauber binden wieder': Beethoven, Schiller, and the Joyous Reconciliation of Opposites', recently was published in Beethoven Forum, (2002) 9/1, 1-53. Other essays have appeared in The Journal of the American Musicological Society and Music Analysis.