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| What is Environmental History? | |
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| Essays | |
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| Doing Environmental History | |
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| Predicting Environmental History | |
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| Using Environmental History | |
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| Interpreting Environmental History | |
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| Global Environmental History | |
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| Native American Ecology and European Contact | |
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| Documents | |
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| A Spanish Explorer Views the Pueblos, 1580 | |
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| Spanish Explorers Observe Pueblo Irrigation, 1582 | |
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| A Spaniard Testifies on the Effects of Pueblo Colonization, 1601 | |
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| Nicholas Denys on the Micmac Fur Trade, 1672 | |
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| A Jesuit Missionary Recalls Micmac Hunting Rituals, 1691 | |
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| Lewis and Clark Describe the Great Plains, 1804 | |
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| Plains Indians� Pictographs, Recorded by George Catlin in 1844 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Pueblos and Spanish in the Southwest | |
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| Micmacs and French in the Northeast | |
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| Indians and Bison on the Great Plains | |
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| The New England Forest in the Seventeenth Century | |
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| Documents | |
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| William Bradford Faces a �Hideous and Desolate Wilderness,� 1620-35 | |
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| John Winthrop Quotes Genesis on Subduing the Earth, 1629 | |
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| Thomas Morton Praises the New English Canaan, 1632 | |
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| William Wood on Indian Women�s Housing and Horticulture, 1634 | |
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| Anne Bradstreet Eulogizes Nature, 1650 | |
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| Edward Johnson on Transforming the Wilderness, 1654 | |
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| A Timber Merchant�s Estate, 1682 | |
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| Cotton Mather on the Scale of Nature, 1721 | |
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| A Governor Enforces the King�s Forest Policy, 1730 | |
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| Essays | |
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| A Beaver�s Perspective | |
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| A Colonist�s Perspective | |
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| Puritan Perspectives | |
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| Tobacco and Rice in the Colonial South | |
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| Documents | |
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| John White Depicts Indian Planting and Fishing in North Carolina, 1590 | |
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| Virginia Settlers Discover Tobacco, 1614-1617 | |
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| A Chesapeake Planter Describes His Holdings, 1686 | |
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| Robert Beverley on Indians and Nature in Virginia, 1705 | |
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| A Governor Explains South Carolina Rice Production, 1761 | |
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| A Traveler Describes Tobacco Cultivation, 1775 | |
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| Thomas Jefferson on the �Nature� of Blacks and Worn-Out Soils, 1787 | |
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| Olaudah Equiano Describes His Enslavement, 1791 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Tobacco and Soils in the Chesapeake | |
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| Rice and Slaves in the Low Country | |
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| Black Indians in the South | |
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| Farms and Cities in the Early Republic | |
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| Documents | |
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| J. Hector St. John de Cr�vecoeur Asks, �What Is an American?� 1782 | |
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| Thomas Jefferson on the Agrarian Ideal, 1787 | |
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| Benjamin Rush Praises the Market Farmers of Pennsylvania, 1789 | |
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| Anna Howell�s Farm Diary, 1820 | |
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| Samuel Slater�s Proposal on Cotton Spinning, 1789 | |
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| Benjamin Henry Latrobe on Polluted Water in Philadelphia, 1798 | |
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| John James Audubon Depicts the Squatters of the Mississippi, 1808-1834 | |
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| Calvin Colton on Self-made Men, 1844 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Farms and Subsistence | |
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| Pollution and Cities | |
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| Water and Industry | |
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| Nature and the Market in the Nineteenth Century | |
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| Documents | |
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| Phillis Wheatley Eulogizes Nature, 1773 | |
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| John James Audubon on Shooting Birds, 1808-1834 | |
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| James Fenimore Cooper Laments the �Wasty Ways� of Pioneers, 1823 | |
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| Hudson River Painters Depict Nature, 1836-1849 | |
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| George Catlin on Indians, Nature, and Civilization, 1844 | |
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| Ralph Waldo Emerson Expounds on Nature and Wealth, 1844 | |
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| Henry David Thoreau on Nature Versus Civilization, 1854 | |
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| Rebecca Harding Davis on Pollution and Human Life in the Iron Mills, 1861 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Civilization Over Nature | |
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| Nature Over Civilization | |
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| Slave Women and Nature | |
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| The Cotton South Before and After the Civil War | |
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| Documents | |
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| Frances Anne Kemble on Slavery and Nature in Georgia, 1838 | |
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| A Georgia Planter Tells Why Cotton Pays, 1847 | |
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| Frederick Law Olmsted Describes Cotton Production and Environmental Deterioration, 1861 | |
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| Sharecroppers� Contracts, 1876-1886 | |
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| Freed Slave Louis Hughes on Cotton and Cotton Worms, 1897 | |
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| A Louisiana Convention Declares War on the Boll Weevil, 1903 | |
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| Ex-Slaves Describe Their Means of Subsistence, 1937 | |
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| A Freed Slave Explains �Why That Boll Weevil Done Come,� 1945 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Soils Used | |
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| Soils Abused | |
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| Soils Extracted | |
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| Extracting the Far West in the Nineteenth Century | |
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| Documents | |
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| A Russian Sailor on the Sea Otter Trade, 1813 | |
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| A Manager Describes the Russian American Company, 1835 | |
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| Thomas Hart Benton on Manifest Destiny, 1846 | |
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| An Federal Agent Assesses Mining�s Impact on the Indians, 1853 | |
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| James Marshall Tells How He Discovered Gold, 1857 | |
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| Joaquin Miller Describes Environmental Deterioration in the Gold Country, 1890 | |
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| A Fish Commissioner on the Need for Salmon Protection, 1885 | |
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| A Capitalist Advocates Salmon Hatcheries, 1893 | |
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| An Indian Woman Deplores the Soreness of the Earth, Recorded in 1925 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Otters versus Russians in Alaska | |
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| Miners versus Farmers in California | |
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| Salmon versus Fishers in the Northwest | |
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| Great Plains Grasslands Exploited | |
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| Documents | |
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| Pioneer Women Portray the Plains Environment, 1860-86 | |
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| The Homestead Act, 1862 | |
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| Joseph G. McCoy on the Chisholm Trail and Abilene Stockyards, 1874 | |
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| Frederick Jackson Turner on the Significance of the Frontier in American History, 1893 | |
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| John Steinbeck Depicts the Dust Bowl, 1939 | |
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| Plenty-Coups Mourns the Vanishing Buffalo, Recorded in 1950 | |
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| An Editor Bids Good Riddance to Buffalo, 1979 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Great Plains Ecology | |
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| Cowboy Ecology | |
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| Telling Stories About Ecology | |
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| Resource Conservation in an Industrializing Society | |
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| Documents | |
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| George Perkins Marsh on Man and Nature, 1864 | |
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| John Wesley Powell Advocates Reclamation, 1878 | |
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| The Reclamation Act, 1902 | |
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| George L. Knapp Opposes Conservation, 1910 | |
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| Mrs. Marion Crocker on the Conservation Imperative, 1912 | |
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| Robert Marshall on the People�s Forests, 1933 | |
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| Hugh Bennett Presses for Soil Conservation, 1947 | |
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| Gifford Pinchot Recalls the Origins of the Cosnervation Movement, 1947 | |
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| Essays | |
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| From Conservation to Environment | |
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| Conservation as Reclamation | |
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| Women and Conservation | |
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| Wilderness Preservation in the Twentieth Century | |
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| Documents | |
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| Florence Merriam Bailey on the Early Audubon Women, 1900 | |
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| Mary Austin on the Wonders of the Desert, 1903 | |
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| John Muir Advocates Wilderness Preservation, 1912 | |
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| The National Parks Act, 1916 | |
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| Chief Luther Standing Bear Gives an Indian View of Wilderness, Recorded in 1933 | |
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| The Wilderness Act, 1964 | |
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| Edward Abbey on Industrial Tourism in the National Parks, 1968 | |
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| Essays | |
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| The Value of Wilderness | |
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| Indians and Wilderness | |
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| The Trouble with Wilderness | |
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| Urbanizing the Environment in the Twentieth Century | |
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| Documents | |
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| A Woman Advocates Civic Cleanliness, 1901 | |
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| Upton Sinclair on the Chicago Stockyards, 1905 | |
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| Jane Addams on Garbage in Chicago, 1910 | |
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| Cartoonists depict Gender and Environmental Politics, 1915-1919 | |
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| A Black Migrant Experiences the Urban Environment, 1927 | |
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| Alice Hamilton on Industrial Poisons, 1943 | |
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| Dwight D. Eisenhower Promotes the Interstate Highway System, 1955 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Industrial Pollution and Reform | |
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| Gender and Environmental Reform | |
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| Automobiles and the Environment | |
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| The Emergence of Ecology in the Twentieth Century | |
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| Documents | |
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| Ellen Swallow Richards on Human Ecology, 1907 | |
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| Frederic Clements on Plant Succession, 1916 | |
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| Henry Gleason on Plant Associations, 1926 | |
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| Arthur Tansley Introduces the Ecosystem, 1935 | |
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| Aldo Leopold Proposes a Land Ethic, 1949 | |
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| Rachel Carson Warns of a Silent Spring, 1962 | |
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| Eugene Odum on the Stability of the Ecosystem, 1969 | |
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| Pickett and White on Patch Dynamics, 1985 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Ellen Swallow�s Human Ecology | |
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| Organic, Economic, and Chaotic Ecology | |
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| Rachel Carson on Ecology | |
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| Water and Energy in the Twentieth Century | |
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| Documents | |
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| Franklin D. Roosevelt Dedicates Hoover Dam, 1935 | |
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| The National Environmental Policy Act, 1969 | |
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| Senator Gaylord Nelson Promotes the First Earth Day, 1970 | |
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| Hopi Leaders on the Desecration of Their Sacred Lands, 1970 | |
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| Barry Commoner on the Costs of Nuclear Energy, 1971 | |
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| David Brower Protests the Damming of the West, 1990 | |
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| A Reporter on the Human Costs of the Four Corners Coal Plant, 2007 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Water and the Environment | |
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| Energy and the Environment | |
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| The Environmental Movement | |
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| Globalization: The United States in the Wider World | |
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| Documents | |
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| Carl Anthony Explains Why African-Americans Should Be Environmentalists, 1990 | |
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| Principles of Environmental Justice, 1991 | |
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| Winona LaDuke on Native Struggles for Land and Life, 1999 | |
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| Reporters Announce a World Population of Six Billion, 1999 | |
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| Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development, 2002 | |
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| Rosemary Ruether on Ecofeminism and Globalization, 2005 | |
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| Al Gore Explains Why Global Warming is a Global Crisis, 2006 | |
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| The Copenhagen Accord on Climate Change, 2009 | |
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| Essays | |
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| Environmental Justice | |
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| Environmental Philosophy | |
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| Global Climate Change | |
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