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Speaking Mathematically | |
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Variables | |
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The Language of Sets | |
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The Language of Relations and Functions | |
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The Logic of Compound Statements | |
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Logical Form and Logical Equivalence | |
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Conditional Statements | |
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Valid and Invalid Arguments | |
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The Logic of Quantified Statements | |
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Predicates and Quantified Statements I | |
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Predicates and Quantified Statements II | |
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Statements with Multiple Quantifiers | |
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Arguments with Quantified Statements | |
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Elementary Number Theory and Methods of Proof | |
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Direct Proof and Counterexample I: Introduction | |
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Direct Proof and Counterexample II: Rational Numbers | |
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Direct Proof and Counterexample III: Divisibility | |
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Direct Proof and Counterexample IV: Division into Cases and the Quotient-Remainder Theorem | |
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Indirect Argument: Contradiction and Contraposition | |
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Indirect Argument: Two Classical Theorems | |
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Sequences, Mathematical Induction, and Recursion | |
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Sequences | |
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Mathematical Induction I | |
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MathematicalInduction II | |
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Strong Mathematical Induction and the Well-Ordering Principle | |
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Defining Sequences Recursively | |
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Solving Recurrence Relations by Iteration | |
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Set Theory | |
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Set Theory: Definitions and the Element Method of Proof | |
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Set Identities | |
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Disproofs and Algebraic Proofs | |
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Boolean Algebras and Russell's Paradox | |
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Properties of Functions | |
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Functions Defined on General Sets | |
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One-to-one, Onto, and Inverse Functions | |
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Composition of Functions | |
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Cardinality and Sizes of Infinity | |
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Properties of Relations | |
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Relations on Sets | |
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Reflexivity, Symmetry, and Transitivity | |
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Equivalence Relations | |
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Modular Arithmetic and Zn | |
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The Euclidean Algorithm and Applications | |
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Counting | |
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Counting and Probability | |
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The Multiplication Rule | |
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Counting Elements of Disjoint Sets: The Addition Rule | |
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The Pigeonhole Principle | |
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Counting Subsets of a Set: Combinations | |
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Pascal's Formula and the Binomial Theorem | |
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Graphs and Trees | |
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Graphs: An Introduction | |
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Trails, Paths, and Circuits | |
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Matrix Representations of Graphs | |
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Isomorphisms of Graphs | |
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Trees: Examples and Basic Properties | |
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Rooted Trees | |