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The Nature Of Philosophy | |
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What Is Philosophy? | |
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The Traditional Divisions of Philosophy | |
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A Philosopher in Action: Socrates | |
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The Value of Philosophy | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: The First Philosophers | |
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Reading | |
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Human Nature | |
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Why Study Human Nature? | |
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What Is Human Nature? | |
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The Mind-Body Problem: How Do Mind and Body Relate? | |
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Is There an Enduring Self? | |
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Are We Independent and Self-Sufficient Individuals? | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: Plato, Aristotle, and Confucius | |
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Readings | |
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Reality And Being | |
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What Is Real? | |
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Reality: Material or Nonmaterial? | |
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Reality in Pragmatism | |
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Reality and Logical Positivism | |
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Antirealism: The Heir of Pragmatism and Idealism | |
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Encountering Reality: Phenomenology and Existentialism | |
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Is Freedom Real? | |
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Is Time Real? | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: Hobbes and Berkeley | |
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Readings | |
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Philosophy And God | |
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The Significance of Religion | |
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Does God Exist? | |
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Atheism, Agnosticism, and the Problem of Evil | |
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Traditional Religious Belief and Experience | |
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Nontraditional Religious Experience | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: Aquinas, Descartes, and Conway | |
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Readings | |
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The Sources Of Knowledge | |
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Why Is Knowledge a Problem? | |
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Is Reason the Source of Our Knowledge? | |
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Can the Senses Account for All Our Knowledge? | |
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Kant: Does the Knowing Mind Shape the World? | |
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Does Science Give Us Knowledge? | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: Hume | |
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Readings | |
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Truth | |
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Knowledge, Truth, and Justification | |
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What Is Truth? | |
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Does Science Give Us Truth? | |
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Can Interpretations Be True? | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: Kant | |
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Readings | |
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Ethics | |
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What Is Ethics? | |
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Is Ethics Relative? | |
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Do Consequences Make an Action Right? | |
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Do Rules Define Morality? | |
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Is Ethics Based on Character? | |
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Can Ethics Resolve Moral Quandaries? | |
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Ethics and Moral Responsibility | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: Nietzsche and Wollstonecraft | |
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Readings | |
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Social And Political Philosophy | |
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What Is Social and Political Philosophy? | |
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What Justifies the State? | |
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What is Justice? | |
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Limits on the State | |
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Chapter Summary | |
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Historical Showcase: Marx and Rawls | |
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Readings | |
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Postscript: The Meaning Of Life | |
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Does Life Have Meaning? | |
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The Theistic Response to Meaning | |
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Meaning and Human Progress | |
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The Nihilist Rejection of Meaning | |
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Meaning as a Self-Chosen Commitment | |
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Chapter Summary | |