| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Moral Reasoning | |
| |
| |
| |
| Moral Reasons | |
| |
| |
| Moral Reasoning | |
| |
| |
| Individual Morality and Social Morality | |
| |
| |
| Ethical Relativism | |
| |
| |
| Principles of Individual Morality | |
| |
| |
| Principles of Social Morality | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "Moral Virtue," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Respect for Persons," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Utilitarianism," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "A Theory of Justice," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "The Ethics of Care," | |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| Good Reasoning | |
| |
| |
| Arguments | |
| |
| |
| Evaluating Moral Arguments | |
| |
| |
| Summary and Conclusions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Issues | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sexual Morality | |
| |
| |
| The Traditional View | |
| |
| |
| The Libertarian View | |
| |
| |
| Treating Sex Differently | |
| |
| |
| Arguments for Sexual Libertarianism | |
| |
| |
| Arguments against Sexual Libertarianism | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "Declaration on Certain Questions Concerning Sexual Ethics," The Vatican | |
| |
| |
| "Sexual Morality and the Concept of Using Another Person," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Should a Feminist Choose a Marriage-Like Relationship?" | |
| |
| |
| |
| "The Case for Lesbian and Gay Marriage," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Disease v. Promiscuity? | |
| |
| |
| Lawrence v. Texas: Private Rights and Public Morality | |
| |
| |
| Goodridge v. Dept. of Public Health: A Right of Gay Marriage | |
| |
| |
| A Slippery Slope to Polygamy? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Abortion | |
| |
| |
| Biological Background | |
| |
| |
| The Moral Problem | |
| |
| |
| The Ontological Status of the Fetus | |
| |
| |
| The Moral Status of the Fetus | |
| |
| |
| Pro-Life Arguments (against Abortion) | |
| |
| |
| Pro-Choice Arguments (for Abortion) | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "Why Abortion is Immoral," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "A Defense of Abortion," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "On the Moral and Legal Status of Abortion," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Virtue Theory and Abortion," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Conceived in Violence, Born in Hate | |
| |
| |
| Death in Pensacola | |
| |
| |
| The Fight for Martina Greywind's Baby | |
| |
| |
| Sex-Selection Abortions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Euthanasia | |
| |
| |
| Personhood | |
| |
| |
| Death | |
| |
| |
| Ordinary vs. Extraordinary Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Killing vs. Allowing to Die | |
| |
| |
| Meaning of Euthanasia: Narrow vs. Broad Interpretations | |
| |
| |
| Voluntary vs. Nonvoluntary Euthanasia | |
| |
| |
| Assisted Suicide | |
| |
| |
| The Right to Refuse Treatment | |
| |
| |
| Defective Newborns | |
| |
| |
| Arguments for Voluntary (Active) Euthanasia | |
| |
| |
| Arguments against Voluntary (Active) Euthanasia | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "The Wrongfulness of Euthanasia," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Voluntary Active Euthanasia," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Active and Passive Euthanasia," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Gender, Feminism, and Death: Physician-Assisted Suicide and Euthanasia," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: "I Did It Because I Loved My Son." | |
| |
| |
| "A Choice Central to Personal Dignity." | |
| |
| |
| Legalized Assisted Suicide and Decriminalized Euthanasia | |
| |
| |
| Terri Schiavo: Voluntary Euthanasia or Murder? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Genetic Engineering, Stem Cell Research, and Human Cloning | |
| |
| |
| How Cloning Works: A Brief History | |
| |
| |
| Why Clone Humans? | |
| |
| |
| Moral and Legal Issues | |
| |
| |
| Stem Cell Research | |
| |
| |
| Arguments against Human Cloning | |
| |
| |
| Arguments for Human Cloning | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "The Case against Perfection," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Moral Status of Cloning Humans," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "The Morality of Killing Human Embryos," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Stem Cells, Biotechnology, and Human Rights: Implications for a Posthuman Future," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Recommendations of the President's Council on Bioethics | |
| |
| |
| A Birth to Save a Life | |
| |
| |
| Presidential Policy | |
| |
| |
| Eight is Enough | |
| |
| |
| |
| Capital Punishment | |
| |
| |
| The Nature and Definition of Punishment | |
| |
| |
| The Moral Acceptability of Punishment | |
| |
| |
| Aims of Punishment | |
| |
| |
| Retentionist and Abolitionist Defined | |
| |
| |
| Capital Punishment as Deterrent | |
| |
| |
| Abolitionist Arguments (against Capital Punishment) | |
| |
| |
| Retentionist Arguments (for Capital Punishment) | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "Speech in Favor of Capital Punishment," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "A Life for a Life," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "On Deterrence and the Death Penalty," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Capital Punishment and Social Defense," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations | |
| |
| |
| Rehabilitation on Death Row? | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Failed Experiment? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Punishing Child Rapists | |
| |
| |
| |
| War, Terrorism, and Civil Liberties | |
| |
| |
| Just War Theory | |
| |
| |
| Preemptive Wars | |
| |
| |
| Violence and Terrorism | |
| |
| |
| Jihadism | |
| |
| |
| Pacifism | |
| |
| |
| Civil Liberties | |
| |
| |
| Arguments for Trading Civil Liberties for Safety | |
| |
| |
| Arguments against Trading Civil Liberties for Safety | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "The Triumph of Just War Theory (and the Dangers of Success)," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Violence, Terrorism, and Justice," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Make Torture an Option," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Torture and the Ticking Bomb," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Preemptive War | |
| |
| |
| Driving While Veiled | |
| |
| |
| Fear of Flying | |
| |
| |
| The Geneva Conventions and Guantanamo Bay | |
| |
| |
| |
| Globalization and Social Justice | |
| |
| |
| Globalization | |
| |
| |
| Distribution Justice | |
| |
| |
| Equality, Need, and Merit | |
| |
| |
| Libertarianism, Welfare Liberalism, and Socialism | |
| |
| |
| Argument for Global Aid | |
| |
| |
| Arguments against Global Aid | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "What We Owe to the Global Poor," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Sweatshops and Respect for Persons," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Illegal Immigrants, Health Care, and Social Responsibility," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Female Genital Circumcision and Conventionalist Ethical Relativism," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Stopping the Sweatshops | |
| |
| |
| Is There a Right to Health Care? | |
| |
| |
| Do Illegal Immigrants Have a Right to Education? | |
| |
| |
| Yearning to Breathe Free | |
| |
| |
| |
| Discrimination | |
| |
| |
| Discrimination: Its Nature and Forms | |
| |
| |
| Evidence of Discrimination | |
| |
| |
| Affirmative Action: Preferential Treatment? | |
| |
| |
| Arguments against Affirmative Action | |
| |
| |
| Arguments for Affirmative Action | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "The Justification of Reverse Discrimination," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "A Defense of Programs of Preferential Treatment," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Reverse Discrimination as Unjustified," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Class, Not Race," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Proposition 209 | |
| |
| |
| Grutter v. Bollinger: Taking Race into Account | |
| |
| |
| Reparations: An Overdue Debt to African Slaves in America? | |
| |
| |
| Friendly Sexual Harassment? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Animal Rights and Environmental Ethics | |
| |
| |
| What Do We Owe Nonhuman Animals? | |
| |
| |
| What's Wrong with Speciesism? | |
| |
| |
| Environmental Ethics | |
| |
| |
| Environmental Problems | |
| |
| |
| The Moral Issue | |
| |
| |
| Why Environmental Ethics? | |
| |
| |
| Arguments for Ethical Treatment of Animals and the Environment | |
| |
| |
| Arguments Against Ethical Treatment of Animals and the Environment | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "All Animals Are Equal or Why Supporters of Liberation for Blacks and Women Should Support Animal Liberation Too," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "The Case for Animal Rights," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Do Animals Have Rights?" | |
| |
| |
| |
| "The Ethics of Respect for Nature," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Animal Liberators | |
| |
| |
| Religious Sacrifice | |
| |
| |
| A Metaphor for the Energy Debate | |
| |
| |
| The Spotted Owl | |
| |
| |
| |
| Computer Ethics and the Internet | |
| |
| |
| What Is Computer Ethics? | |
| |
| |
| Issues in Computer Ethics | |
| |
| |
| Arguments in Favor of Ethical Conduct With Computers and the Internet | |
| |
| |
| Arguments against Ethical conduct With Computers and the Internet | |
| |
| |
| Readings: "The Constitution in Cyberspace: Law and Liberty Beyond the Electronic Frontier," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Free Speech in Cyberspace," | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Is it Moral to Make Copies of Software for My Friends?" | |
| |
| |
| |
| "Cyberstalking, Personal Privacy, and Moral Responsibility," | |
| |
| |
| |
| Case Presentations: Ticketed for Obscenity on the Information | |
| |
| |
| Superhighway | |
| |
| |
| A Chill in Cyberspace | |
| |
| |
| Censoring Political Speech | |
| |
| |
| Pirates of the Campuses | |
| |
| |
| Afterword | |
| |
| |
| Glossary | |
| |
| |
| Index | |