| |
| |
  Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
The variational approach to mechanics | |
| |
| |
| |
The procedure of Euler and Lagrange | |
| |
| |
| |
Hamilton's procedure | |
| |
| |
| |
The calculus of variations | |
| |
| |
| |
Comparison between the vectorial and the variational treatments of mechanics | |
| |
| |
| |
Mathematical evaluation of the variational principles | |
| |
| |
| |
Philosophical evaluation of the variational approach to mechanics | |
| |
| |
| |
The Basic Concepts of Analytical Mechanics | |
| |
| |
| |
The Principal viewpoints of analytical mechanics | |
| |
| |
| |
Generalized coordinates | |
| |
| |
| |
The configuration space | |
| |
| |
| |
Mapping of the space on itself | |
| |
| |
| |
Kinetic energy and Riemannian geometry | |
| |
| |
| |
Holonomic and non-holonomic mechanical systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Work function and generalized force | |
| |
| |
| |
Scleronomic and rheonomic systems | |
| |
| |
The law of the conservation of energy | |
| |
| |
| |
The Calculus of Variations | |
| |
| |
| |
The general nature of extremum problems | |
| |
| |
| |
The stationary value of a function | |
| |
| |
| |
The second variation | |
| |
| |
| |
Stationary value versus extremum value | |
| |
| |
| |
Auxiliary conditions | |
| |
| |
The Lagrangian lambda-method | |
| |
| |
| |
Non-holonomic auxiliary conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
The stationary value of a definite integral | |
| |
| |
| |
The fundamental processes of the calculus of variations | |
| |
| |
| |
The commutative properties of the delta-process | |
| |
| |
| |
The stationary value of a definite integral treated by the calculus of variations | |
| |
| |
| |
The Euler-Lagrange differential equations for n degrees of freedom | |
| |
| |
| |
Variation with auxiliary conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
Non-holonomic conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
Isoperimetric conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
The calculus of variations and boundary conditions | |
| |
| |
The problem of the elastic bar | |
| |
| |
| |
The principle of virtual work | |
| |
| |
| |
The principle of virtual work for reversible displacements | |
| |
| |
| |
The equilibrium of a rigid body | |
| |
| |
| |
Equivalence of two systems of forces | |
| |
| |
| |
Equilibrium problems with auxiliary conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
Physical interpretation of the Lagrangian multiplier method | |
| |
| |
| |
Fourier's inequality | |
| |
| |
| |
D'Alembert's principle | |
| |
| |
| |
The force of inertia | |
| |
| |
| |
The place of d'Alembert's principle in mechanics | |
| |
| |
| |
The conservation of energy as a consequence of d'Alembert's principle | |
| |
| |
| |
Apparent forces in an accelerated reference system | |
| |
| |
Einstein's equivalence hypothesis | |
| |
| |
| |
Apparent forces in a rotating reference system | |
| |
| |
| |
Dynamics of a rigid body | |
| |
| |
The motion of the centre of mass | |
| |
| |
| |
Dynamics of a rigid body | |
| |
| |
Euler's equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Gauss' principle of least restraint | |
| |
| |
| |
The Lagrangian equations of motion | |
| |
| |
| |
Hamilton's principle | |
| |
| |
| |
The Lagrangian equations of motion and their invariance relative to point transformations | |
| |
| |
| |
The energy theorem as a consequence of Hamilton's principle | |
| |
| |
| |
Kinosthenic or ignorable variables and their elimination | |
| |
| |
| |
The forceless mechanics of Hertz | |
| |
| |
| |
The time as kinosthenic variable; Jacobi's principle; the principle of least action | |
| |
| |
| |
Jacobi's principle and Riemannian geometry | |
| |
| |
| |
Auxiliary conditions; the physical significance of the Lagrangian lambda-factor | |
| |
| |
| |
Non-holonomic auxiliary conditions and polygenic forces | |
| |
| |
| |
Small vibrations about a state of equilibrium | |
| |
| |
| |
The Canonical Equations of motion | |
| |
| |
| |
Legendre's dual transformation | |
| |
| |
| |
Legendre's transformation applied to the Lagrangian function | |
| |
| |
| |
Transformation of the Lagrangian equations of motion | |
| |
| |
| |
The canonical integral | |
| |
| |
| |
The phase space and the space fluid | |
| |
| |
| |
The energy theorem as a consequence of the canonical equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Liouville's theorem | |
| |
| |
| |
Integral invariants, Helmholtz' circulation theorem | |
| |
| |
| |
The elimination of ignorable variables | |
| |
| |
| |
The parametric form of the | |