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| Getting Started: Introductory Concepts and Definitions | |
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| Using Thermodynamics | |
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| Defining Systems | |
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| Describing Systems and Their Behavior | |
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| Measuring Mass, Length, Time, and Force | |
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| Specific Volume | |
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| Pressure | |
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| Temperature | |
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| Engineering Design and Analysis | |
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| Methodology for Solving Thermodynamics Problems | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Energy and the First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Reviewing Mechanical Concepts of Energy | |
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| Broadening Our Understanding of Work | |
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| Broadening Our Understanding of Energy | |
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| Energy Transfer by Heat | |
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| Energy Accounting: Energy Balance for Closed Systems | |
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| Energy Analysis of Cycles | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Evaluating Properties | |
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| Getting Started | |
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| Evaluating Properties: General Considerations | |
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| p-v-T Relation | |
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| Studying Phase Change | |
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| Retrieving Thermodynamic Properties | |
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| Evaluating Pressure, Specific Volume, and Temperature | |
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| Evaluating Specific Internal Energy and Enthalpy | |
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| Evaluating Properties Using Computer Software | |
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| Applying the Energy Balance Using Property Tables and Software | |
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| Introducing Specific Heats c[subscript v] and c[subscript p] | |
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| Evaluating Properties of Liquids and Solids | |
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| Generalized Compressibility Chart | |
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| Evaluating Properties Using the Ideal Gas Model | |
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| Introducing the ideal Gas Model | |
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| Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and Specific Heats of Ideal Gases | |
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| Applying the Energy Balance Using Ideal Gas Tables, Constant Specific Heats, and Software | |
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| Polytropic Process Relations | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Control Volume Analysis Using Energy | |
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| Conservation of Mass for a Control Volume | |
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| Forms of the Mass Rate Balance | |
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| Applications of the Mass Rate Balance | |
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| Conservation of Energy for a Control Volume | |
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| Analyzing Control Volumes at Steady State | |
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| Nozzles and Diffusers | |
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| Turbines | |
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| Compressors and Pumps | |
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| Heat Exchangers | |
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| Throttling Devices | |
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| System Integration | |
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| Transient Analysis | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| The Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Introducing the Second Law | |
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| Statements of the Second Law | |
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| Identifying Irreversibilities | |
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| Interpreting the Kelvin-Planck Statement | |
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| Applying the Second Law to Thermodynamic Cycles | |
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| Second Law Aspects of Power Cycles Interacting with Two Reservoirs | |
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| Second Law Aspects of Refrigeration and Heat Pump Cycles Interacting with Two Reservoirs | |
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| The Kelvin and International Temperature Scales | |
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| Maximum Performance Measures for Cycles Operating Between Two Reservoirs | |
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| Carnot Cycle | |
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| Clausius Inequality | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Using Entropy | |
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| Entropy-A System Property | |
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| Retrieving Entropy Data | |
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| Introducing the T dS Equations | |
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| Entropy Change of an Incompressible Substance | |
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| Entropy Change of an ideal Gas | |
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| Entropy Change in Internally Reversible Processes of Closed Systems | |
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| Entropy Balance for Closed Systems | |
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| Directionality of Processes | |
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| Entropy Rate Balance for Control Volumes | |
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| Rate Balances for Control Volumes at Steady State | |
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| Isentropic Processes | |
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| Isentropic Efficiencies of Turbines, Nozzles, Compressors, and Pumps | |
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| Heat Transfer and Work in Internally Reversible, Steady-State Flow Processes | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Exergy Analysis | |
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| Introducing Exergy | |
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| Conceptualizing Exergy | |
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| Exergy of a System | |
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| Closed System Exergy Balance | |
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| Exergy Rate Balance for Control Volumes at Steady State | |
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| Exergetic (Second Law) Efficiency | |
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| Thermoeconomics | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Vapor Power Systems | |
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| Modeling Vapor Power Systems | |
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| Analyzing Vapor Power Systems - Rankine Cycle | |
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| Improving Performance - Superheat and Reheat | |
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| Improving Performance - Regenerative Vapor Power Cycle | |
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| Other Vapor Cycle Aspects | |
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| Case Study: Exergy Accounting of a Vapor Power Plant | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Gas Power Systems | |
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| Internal Combustion Engines | |
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| Introducing Engine Terminology | |
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| Air-Standard Otto Cycle | |
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| Air-Standard Diesel Cycle | |
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| Air-Standard Dual Cycle | |
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| Gas Turbine Power Plants | |
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| Modeling Gas Turbine Power Plants | |
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| Air-Standard Brayton Cycle | |
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| Regenerative Gas Turbines | |
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| Regenerative Gas Turbines with Reheat and Intercooling | |
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| Gas Turbines for Aircraft Propulsion | |
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| Combined Gas Turbine-Vapor Power Cycle | |
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| Ericsson and Stirling Cycles | |
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| Compressible Flow Through Nozzles and Diffusers | |
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| Compressible Flow Preliminaries | |
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| Analyzing One-Dimensional Steady Flow in Nozzles and Diffusers | |
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| Flow in Nozzles and Diffusers of Ideal Gases with Constant Specific Heats | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Refrigeration and Heat Pump Systems | |
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| Vapor Refrigeration Systems | |
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| Analyzing Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Systems | |
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| Refrigerant Properties | |
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| Cascade and Multistage Vapor-Compression Systems | |
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| Absorption Refrigeration | |
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| Heat Pump Systems | |
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| Gas Refrigeration Systems | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Thermodynamic Relations | |
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| Using Equations of State | |
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| Important Mathematical Relations | |
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| Developing Property Relations | |
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| Evaluating Changes in Entropy, Internal Energy, and Enthalpy | |
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| Other Thermodynamic Relations | |
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| Constructing Tables of Thermodynamic Properties | |
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| Generalized Charts for Enthalpy and Entropy | |
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| p-v-T Relations for Gas Mixtures | |
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| Analyzing Multicomponent Systems | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Ideal Gas Mixture and Psychrometric Applications | |
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| Ideal Gas Mixtures: General Considerations | |
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| Describing Mixture Composition | |
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| Relating p, V, and T for Ideal Gas Mixtures | |
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| Evaluating U, H, S, and Specific Heats | |
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| Analyzing Systems Involving Mixtures | |
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| Psychrometric Applications | |
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| Introducing Psychrometric Principles | |
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| Psychrometers: Measuring the Wet-Bulb and Dry-Bulb Temperatures | |
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| Psychrometric Charts | |
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| Analyzing Air-Conditioning Processes | |
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| Cooling Towers | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Reading Mixtures and Combustion | |
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| Combustion Fundamentals | |
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| Introducing Combustion | |
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| Conservation of Energy-Reacting Systems | |
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| Determining the Adiabatic Flame Temperature | |
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| Fuel Cells | |
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| Absolute Entropy and the Third Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Chemical Exergy | |
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| Introducing Chemical Exergy | |
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| Standard Chemical Exergy | |
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| Exergy Summary | |
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| Exergetic (Second Law) Efficiencies of Reacting Systems | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Chemical and Phase Equilibrium | |
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| Equilibrium Fundamentals | |
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| Introducing Equilibrium Criteria | |
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| Chemical Equilibrium | |
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| Equation of Reaction Equilibrium | |
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| Calculating Equilibrium Compositions | |
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| Further Examples of the Use of the Equilibrium Constant | |
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| Phase Equilibrium | |
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| Equilibrium Between Two Phases of a Pure Substance | |
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| Equilibrium of Multicomponent, Multiphase Systems | |
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| Chapter Summary and Study Guide | |
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| Tables, Figures, and Charts | |
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| Index to Tables in SI Units | |
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| Index to Tables in English Units | |
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| Index to Figures and Charts | |
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| Index | |