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Preface | |
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Introduction to Forecasting | |
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The Nature and Uses of Forecasts | |
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Some Examples of Time Series | |
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The Forecasting Process | |
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Resources for Forecasting | |
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Exercises | |
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Statistics Background for Forecasting | |
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Introduction | |
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Graphical Displays | |
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Time Series Plots | |
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Plotting Smoothed Data | |
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Numerical Description of Time Series Data | |
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Stationary Time Series | |
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Autocovariance and Autocorrelation Functions | |
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Use of Data Transformations and Adjustments | |
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Transformations | |
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Trend and Seasonal Adjustments | |
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General Approach to Time Series Modeling and Forecasting | |
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Evaluating and Monitoring Forecasting Model Performance | |
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Forecasting Model Evaluation | |
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Choosing Between Competing Models | |
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Monitoring a Forecasting Model | |
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Exercises | |
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Regression Analysis and Forecasting | |
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Introduction | |
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Least Squares Estimation in Linear Regression Models | |
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Statistical Inference in Linear Regression | |
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Test for Significance of Regression | |
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Tests on Individual Regression Coefficients and Groups of Coefficients | |
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Confidence Intervals on Individual Regression Coefficients | |
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Confidence Intervals on the Mean Response | |
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Prediction of New Observations | |
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Model Adequacy Checking | |
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Residual Plots | |
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Scaled Residuals and PRESS | |
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Measures of Leverage and Influence | |
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Variable Selection Methods in Regression | |
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Generalized and Weighted Least Squares | |
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Generalized Least Squares | |
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Weighted Least Squares | |
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Discounted Least Squares | |
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Regression Models for General Time Series Data | |
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Detecting Autocorrelation: The Durbin-Watson Test | |
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Estimating the Parameters in Time Series Regression Models | |
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Exercises | |
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Exponential Smoothing Methods | |
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Introduction | |
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First-Order Exponential Smoothing | |
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The Initial Value, y[subscript 0] | |
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The Value of [lambda] | |
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Modeling Time Series Data | |
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Second-Order Exponential Smoothing | |
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Higher-Order Exponential Smoothing | |
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Forecasting | |
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Constant Process | |
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Linear Trend Process | |
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Estimation of [sigma subscript e superscript 2] | |
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Adaptive Updating of the Discount Factor | |
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Model Assessment | |
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Exponential Smoothing for Seasonal Data | |
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Additive Seasonal Model | |
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Multiplicative Seasonal Model | |
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Exponential Smoothers and ARIMA Models | |
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Exercises | |
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Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) Models | |
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Introduction | |
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Linear Models for Stationary Time Series | |
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Stationarity | |
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Stationary Time Series | |
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Finite Order Moving Average (MA) Processes | |
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The First-Order Moving Average Process, MA(1) | |
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The Second-Order Moving Average Process, MA(2) | |
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Finite Order Autoregressive Processes | |
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First-Order Autoregressive Process, AR(1) | |
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Second-Order Autoregressive Process, AR(2) | |
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General Autoregressive Process, AR(p) | |
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Partial Autocorrelation Function, PACF | |
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Mixed Autoregressive-Moving Average (ARMA) Processes | |
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Nonstationary Processes | |
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Time Series Model Building | |
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Model Identification | |
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Parameter Estimation | |
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Diagnostic Checking | |
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Examples of Building ARIMA Models | |
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Forecasting ARIMA Processes | |
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Seasonal Processes | |
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Final Comments | |
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Exercises | |
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Transfer Functions and Intervention Models | |
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Introduction | |
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Transfer Function Models | |
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Transfer Function-Noise Models | |
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Cross Correlation Function | |
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Model Specification | |
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Forecasting with Transfer Function-Noise Models | |
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Intervention Analysis | |
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Exercises | |
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Survey of Other Forecasting Methods | |
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Multivariate Time Series Models and Forecasting | |
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Multivariate Stationary Process | |
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Vector ARIMA Models | |
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Vector AR (VAR) Models | |
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State Space Models | |
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ARCH and GARCH Models | |
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Direct Forecasting of Percentiles | |
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Combining Forecasts to Improve Prediction Performance | |
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Aggregation and Disaggregation of Forecasts | |
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Neural Networks and Forecasting | |
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Some Comments on Practical Implementation and Use of Statistical Forecasting Procedures | |
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Exercises | |
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Statistical Tables | |
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Data Sets for Exercises | |
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Bibliography | |
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Index | |