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List of Symbols | |
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Applications of Electronic Instrument Systems | |
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Introduction | |
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The Electronic Instrument System | |
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Engineering Analysis | |
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Process Control | |
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Process Control Devices | |
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Experimental Error | |
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Accumulation of Accepted Error | |
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Improper Functioning of Instruments | |
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Effect of the Transducer on the Process | |
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Dual Sensitivity Errors | |
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Other Sources of Error | |
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Minimizing Experimental Error | |
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Summary References Exercises | |
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Analysis of Circuits | |
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Introduction and Definitions | |
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Basic Electrical Components | |
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Kirchhoff's Circuit Laws | |
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Diodes, Transistors, and Gates | |
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Diodes | |
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Transistors | |
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Gates | |
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DC Circuits | |
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Periodic Functions | |
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AC Circuits | |
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Impedance | |
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Frequency Response Function | |
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Summary References Exercises | |
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Analog Recording Instruments | |
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Introduction | |
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General Characteristics of Recording Instruments | |
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Voltmeters for Steady-State Measurements | |
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D'arsonval Galvanometer | |
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Ammeter | |
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DC Voltmeters | |
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Voltmeter Loading Errors | |
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Amplified Voltmeters | |
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Potentiometric Voltmeters | |
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Voltmeters for Slowly Varying Signals | |
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Strip-Chart Recorders | |
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X-Y Recorders | |
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Voltmeters for Rapidly Varying Signals | |
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Oscillograph Recorders | |
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Transient Response of Galvanometers | |
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Periodic Signal Response of Galvanometers | |
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Oscilloscopes | |
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Magnetic Tape Recorders | |
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Summary References Exercises | |
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Digital Recording Systems | |
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Introduction | |
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Digital Codes | |
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Conversion Processes | |
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Digital-to-Analog Converters | |
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Analog-to-Digital Converters | |
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Successive-Approximation Method | |
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Intergration Method | |
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Parallel or Flash Method | |
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Data Distribution | |
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Bus Structures | |
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Interfaces | |
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Digital Voltmeters | |
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Data-Logging Systems | |
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Data-Acquisition Systems | |
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PC-Based Data-Acquisition Systems | |
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Digital Oscilloscopes | |
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Waveform Recorders | |
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Aliasing | |
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Antialiasing Filters | |
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Summary References Exercises | |
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Sensors for Transducers | |
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Introduction | |
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Potentiometers | |
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Differential Transformers | |
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Resistance Strain Gages | |
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Capacitance Sensors | |
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Eddy-Current Sensors | |
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Piezoelectric Sensors | |
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Piezoresistive Sensors | |
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Photoelectric Sensors | |
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Vacuum-Tube Detectors | |
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Photoconductive Cells | |
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Semiconductor Photodiodes | |
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Resistance Temperature Detectors | |
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Thermistors | |
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Thermocouples | |
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Crystal Oscillators | |
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Summary References Exercises | |
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Signal Conditioning Circuits | |
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Introduction | |
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Power Supplies | |
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Battery Supplies | |
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Line Voltage Supplies | |
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Potentiometer Circuit (Constant Voltage) | |
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Potentiometer Circuit (Constant Current) | |
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Wheatstone Bridge (Constant Voltage) | |
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Wheatstone Bridge (Constant Current) | |
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Amplifiers | |
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Operational Amplifiers | |
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Inverting Amplifier | |
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Differential Amplifier | |
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Voltage Follower | |
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Summing Amplifier | |
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Integrating Amplifier | |
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Differentiating Amplifier | |
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Filters | |
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High-Pass RC Filter | |
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Low-Pass RC Filter | |
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Active Filter | |
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Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation | |
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Time-Measuring Circuits | |
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Binary Counting Unit | |
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Gates in Counter Applications | |
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Triggers | |
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Counting Instruments | |
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Summary References Exercises | |
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Resistance-Type Strain Gages | |
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Introduction | |
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Etched-Foil Strain Gages | |
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Strain-Gage Installation | |
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Wheatstone Bridge Signal Conditioning | |
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Recording Instr | |