| |
| |
Preface | |
| |
| |
Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Urbanization and Stormwater Runoff | |
| |
| |
| |
Urban Hydrology, Hydraulics, and Stormwater Quality | |
| |
| |
| |
Organization of the Book | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
| |
Rainfall for Designing Urban Drainage Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Hydrologic Description of Rainfall | |
| |
| |
| |
Probabilistic Description of Rainfall | |
| |
| |
| |
Return Period and Hydrologic Risk | |
| |
| |
| |
Frequency Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Intensity-Duration-Return Period Curves | |
| |
| |
| |
Mathematical Intensity-Duration Relationships | |
| |
| |
| |
Design Rainfall | |
| |
| |
| |
Continuous Simulation and Single-Event Methods | |
| |
| |
| |
Design Return Period | |
| |
| |
| |
Design-Storm Duration and Depth | |
| |
| |
| |
Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Design Rainfall | |
| |
| |
| |
Construction of Design-Storm Hyetographs | |
| |
| |
| |
Soil Conservation Service Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Yen and Chow Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Huff Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Synthetic Block Hyetograph Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Chicago Method | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Rainfall Excess Calculations | |
| |
| |
| |
Calculation of Rainfall Abstractions | |
| |
| |
| |
Interception Storage | |
| |
| |
| |
Infiltration | |
| |
| |
| |
Depression Storage | |
| |
| |
| |
Combined Loss Models | |
| |
| |
| |
Soil Conservation Service Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Other Combined Loss Models | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Rainfall Excess and Open-Channel Flow in Urban Watersheds | |
| |
| |
| |
Open-Channel Hydraulics | |
| |
| |
| |
Basic Definitions | |
| |
| |
| |
States of Open-Channel Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Open-Channel Flow Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Steady Gradually Varied Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Normal Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Open-Channel Rating Curve | |
| |
| |
| |
Overland Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Kinematic-Wave Model | |
| |
| |
| |
Overland Flow on Impervious Surfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
Overland Flow on Pervious Surfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
Channel Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Muskingum Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Muskingum-Cunge Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Muskingum-Cunge Method for Routing with Lateral Inflow | |
| |
| |
| |
Modified Att-Kin Method | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Calculation of Runoff Rates From Urban Watersheds | |
| |
| |
| |
Basic Concepts | |
| |
| |
| |
Elements of Urban Runoff Hydrographs | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition of Time of Concentration | |
| |
| |
| |
Calculation of Time of Concentration | |
| |
| |
| |
SCS Time-of-Concentration Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Kinematic Time-of-Concentration Formulas | |
| |
| |
| |
Kirpich Formula | |
| |
| |
| |
Unit Hydrograph Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Unit Hydrograph Development | |
| |
| |
| |
Application of the Unit Hydrograph Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Soil Conservation Service Methods for Runoff Rate Calculations | |
| |
| |
| |
TR-55 Graphical Peak Discharge Method | |
| |
| |
| |
TR-55 Tabular Hydrograph Method | |
| |
| |
| |
The Santa Barbara Urban Hydrograph Method | |
| |
| |
| |
USGS Regression Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
The Rational Method | |
| |
| |
| |
The Kinematic-Rational Methods | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Stormwater Drainage Structures | |
| |
| |
| |
Drainage of Street Pavements | |
| |
| |
| |
General Design Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
Flow in Gutters | |
| |
| |
| |
Pavement Drainage Inlets | |
| |
| |
| |
Pavement Drainage Inlet Locations | |
| |
| |
| |
Storm Sewer Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Storm Sewer Hydraulics | |
| |
| |
| |
Design Discharge for Storm Sewers | |
| |
| |
| |
Sizing Storm Sewers | |
| |
| |
| |
Hydraulic Grade Line Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
Storm Sewer System Design Calculations | |
| |
| |
| |
Culverts | |
| |
| |
| |
Inlet Control Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Outlet Control Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Sizing of Culverts | |
| |
| |
| |
Design of Surface Drainage Channels | |
| |
| |
| |
Design of Unlined Channels | |
| |
| |
| |
Design of Grass-Lined Channels | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
Stormwater Detention for Quantity Management | |
| |
| |
| |
Detention Basins | |
| |
| |
| |
Stage-Storage Relationship | |
| |
| |
| |
Stage-Discharge Relationship | |
| |
| |
| |
Pond Routing | |
| |
| |
| |
Pond-Routing Charts | |
| |
| |
| |
Design of Detention Basins | |
| |
| |
| |
Infiltration Practices | |
| |
| |
| |
Capture Volume | |
| |
| |
| |
Soil Textures | |
| |
| |
| |
Infiltration Basins | |
| |
| |
| |
Infiltration Trenches | |
| |
| |
| |
Dry Wells | |
| |
| |
| |
Porous Pavements | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
Urban Stormwater Pollution | |
| |
| |
| |
Modeling Urban Stormwater Quality | |
| |
| |
| |
Solids Buildup and Wash-off from Impervious Areas | |
| |
| |
| |
Solids Wash-off from Pervious Surfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
Wash-off of Pollutants Other than Solids | |
| |
| |
| |
Pollutographs and Loadographs | |
| |
| |
| |
Annual Pollutant Load Estimates | |
| |
| |
| |
EPA Model for Annual Pollutant Loading Estimation | |
| |
| |
| |
U.S. Geological Survey Model for Mean Annual Loads | |
| |
| |
| |
Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments Method | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Best Management Practices for Urban Stormwater Quality Control | |
| |
| |
| |
Extended Detention Basins | |
| |
| |
| |
Sizing Extended Detention Basins | |
| |
| |
| |
Sizing Water Quality Outlet Devices | |
| |
| |
| |
Additional Extended Detention Basin Design Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
Retention Basins | |
| |
| |
| |
Permanent Pool Volume | |
| |
| |
| |
Retention Basin Design Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
EPA Methodology for Analysis of Wet Pond Detention Basins | |
| |
| |
| |
Water Quality Trenches | |
| |
| |
| |
Sand Filters | |
| |
| |
| |
Stormwater Wetlands | |
| |
| |
| |
Other Vegetative BMPs | |
| |
| |
| |
Grass Swales | |
| |
| |
| |
Filter Strips | |
| |
| |
| |
The National Stormwater BMP Database | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
| |
Urban Stormwater Computer Models: HEC-HMS and EPA-SWMM | |
| |
| |
| |
Hydrologic Modeling Overview and Watershed Delineation | |
| |
| |
| |
Model Structure and Features of HEC-HMS | |
| |
| |
| |
Technical Capabilities of HEC-HMS | |
| |
| |
| |
HEC-HMS Example Problem | |
| |
| |
| |
Structure and Features of EPA-SWMM | |
| |
| |
| |
Technical Capabilities of EPA-SWMM | |
| |
| |
| |
EPA-SWMM Example Problem | |
| |
| |
| |
Model Calibration and Verification | |
| |
| |
Problems | |
| |
| |
References | |
| |
| |
Suggested Reading | |
| |
| |
| |
Tabular Hydrograph Unit Discharges for SCS Type II Rainfall Distribution | |
| |
| |
Index | |