| |
| |
| Foreword | |
| |
| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| Acknowledgments | |
| |
| |
| |
| Safety Basics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Traditional Safety Programs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Du Pont's Success | |
| |
| |
| |
| Our Findings | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Safety Triangle | |
| |
| |
| |
| Complacency | |
| |
| |
| |
| Safety as a Team Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Common Problems with Safety Efforts | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problems with Punishment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Appropriate Use of Punishment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Components of a Proven Safety Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Vision | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Typical Week | |
| |
| |
| |
| Value-Based Behavioral Safety Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| A Question of Balance | |
| |
| |
| |
| Ensure a Clear Mission or Vision Statement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Types of Mission and Vision Statements | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Is a Value? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Clarify Values? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Use a Proven Process and Build on Basic Values | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concluding Remarks on Values | |
| |
| |
| |
| Behavioral Safety Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| What's in a Name? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Team-Based Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Programs Versus Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Safety Assessment | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Is a Safety Assessment? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Why Conduct a Safety Assessment? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Who Should Conduct the Assessment? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Objectives of the Assessment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Outcome of the Assessment | |
| |
| |
| |
| Safety Assessment Process | |
| |
| |
| How Do You Conduct a Safety Assessment? | |
| |
| |
| Step 1: Review Safety Data | |
| |
| |
| Step 2: Conduct Interviews | |
| |
| |
| Step 3: Observe Safety Meetings, Safety Audits, and Safety Practices in Work Areas | |
| |
| |
| Step 4: Analyze Information and Develop and Improvement Plan | |
| |
| |
| Step 5: Make the Final Report and Presentation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Management Overview and Initial Workshops | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Is the Management Overview? | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Are the Objectives of the Management Overview? | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Is the Design Team Workshop? | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Are the Objectives of the Design Team Workshop? | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Is the Agenda? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Final Design | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Are the Objectives of This Phase? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Design Team Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Role of the Site Management Team | |
| |
| |
| |
| What Are the Steps in This Phase? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 1: Establishing Mission, Values, and Milestone Targets | |
| |
| |
| |
| Clarifying Values: A Structured Approach | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 1: Brainstorm Actions Likely to Impact the Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 2: Pinpoint Those Practices | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 3: Sort These Practices into "Value" Categories | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 4: Use Values in Designing Your Safety Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 5: Discuss Values During Kickoff Meetings and Training | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 6: Use Values as Criteria for Evaluation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Establish a Milestone Schedule | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 2: Creating the Safety Observation Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| How Do You Create the Observation Process? | |
| |
| |
| |
| Analyze Past Incidents and Injuries | |
| |
| |
| |
| Develop a List of Critical Safe Practices | |
| |
| |
| |
| Draft and Revise Checklists | |
| |
| |
| |
| Develop the Observation Procedure | |
| |
| |
| |
| Feedback on Observations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Trial Run the Observation Checklist and Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conduct Management Review | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 3: Designing Feedback and Involvement Procedures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Develop Guidelines for Using Graphs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Plan Reviews of Safety Process Data | |
| |
| |
| |
| Develop Guidelines for Setting Improvement Goals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Establish Guidelines to Expand Involvement in Observations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Checklist for Planning Feedback and Involvement | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 4: Developing Recognition and Celebration Plans | |
| |
| |
| |
| Overview of Safety Awards and Incentives | |
| |
| |
| |
| Safety Recognition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Simple and Concurrent Safety Awards | |
| |
| |
| |
| Tiered Safety Awards | |
| |
| |
| |
| Support through Traditional Compensation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Safety Incentive Compensation | |
| |
| |
| |
| General Guidelines on Supporting Safety Motivation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 5: Planning Training and Kickoff Meetings | |
| |
| |
| |
| Observer Training | |
| |
| |
| |
| Plan Kickoff Meeting(s) | |
| |
| |
| |
| Plan Training Needed to Support the Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Step 6: Conducting Management Review | |
| |
| |
| |
| Implementing Behavioral Safety Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Conduct Training for Steering Committees | |
| |
| |
| |
| Establish a Process Owner | |
| |
| |
| |
| Steering Committee's Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Management's Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Maintaining the Behavioral Safety Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Steering Committee Members' Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Common Situations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Steering Committee's Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Management's Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Some Final Suggestions on Implementation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Special Topics: Safety Leadership | |
| |
| |
| |
| Biggest Barrier to Effective Safety Leadership | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Barriers to Effective Safety Leadership | |
| |
| |
| |
| Leadership's Special Role | |
| |
| |
| |
| Phases of Management Support | |
| |
| |
| |
| Management's Most Important Role | |
| |
| |
| |
| Positive Questions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Formal Monitoring and Management Action Items | |
| |
| |
| |
| Role of Managers and Supervisors in Observations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Importance of Informal Leaders | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Leadership Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Safety Leadership Checklist | |
| |
| |
| |
| Concluding Comments on Leadership's Role | |
| |
| |
| |
| Special Topics: Serious-Incident Prevention | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 1: Build Management Commitment and Leadership | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 2: Involve Employees | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 3: Understand the Risks | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 4: Identify Critical Work for Controlling the Risks | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 5: Establish Performance Standards | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 6: Maintain Measurement and Feedback Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 7: Reinforce and Implement Corrective Actions | |
| |
| |
| |
| Element 8: Improve and Update the Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Implementation of the Serious-Incident Prevention Process: Pipeline Operations Case Study | |
| |
| |
| |
| Special Topics: Self-Observation Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| What's My Job? | |
| |
| |
| |
| How Am I Doing? | |
| |
| |
| |
| What's In It for Me? | |
| |
| |
| |
| How to Implement a Self-Observation Process? | |
| |
| |
| Select a Safety Representative from Each Work Group | |
| |
| |
| Create an Index | |
| |
| |
| Develop a Sampling Process | |
| |
| |
| Post the Self-Observation Data | |
| |
| |
| Provide Group and Individual Recognition | |
| |
| |
| |
| Final Suggestions on Self-Observations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Special Topics: The Steering Committee | |
| |
| |
| |
| Creating the Steering Committee | |
| |
| |
| |
| Training the Steering Committee | |
| |
| |
| |
| Steering Committee Responsibilities | |
| |
| |
| |
| Managing Process Measures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Managing Behavioral Safety Measures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Managing Safety Results or Outcome Measures | |
| |
| |
| |
| Responsibility Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Topics: Why It Works and Behavioral Basics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pinpointing | |
| |
| |
| |
| ABC Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Consequences | |
| |
| |
| |
| Antecedents | |
| |
| |
| |
| Individual Learning History | |
| |
| |
| |
| Behavioral Analysis Worksheet | |
| |
| |
| |
| Developing an Action Plan to Address Behavioral Causes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Advanced Topics: Improvement Projects | |
| |
| |
| |
| Problem-Solving Steps | |
| |
| |
| |
| Methods of Gathering Additional Information | |
| |
| |
| |
| Identifying Weak or Missing Contingency Elements | |
| |
| |
| |
| Guidelines for Setting Goals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Guidelines for Recognition and Celebrations | |
| |
| |
| |
| Other Support Programs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Additional Safety Process Components | |
| |
| |
| |
| Supplemental Safety Programs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Additional Safety Process Components | |
| |
| |
| |
| Common Support Programs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Coordinate Special Programs | |
| |
| |
| |
| Long-Term Case Studies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Behavioral Safety in a Refinery | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pilot Area | |
| |
| |
| |
| Plantwide Implementation | |
| |
| |
| |
| Employee Safety Process at an Ore-Processing Facility | |
| |
| |
| |
| Self-Observation Case Studies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Canadian Gas Production and Pipeline Company | |
| |
| |
| |
| Electric Utility | |
| |
| |
| |
| Logging Industry | |
| |
| |
| |
| Small-Company Case Studies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pipeline Company | |
| |
| |
| |
| Polyolefin Plant | |
| |
| |
| |
| Food-Processing Plant | |
| |
| |
| |
| Observer Effect | |
| |
| |
| |
| Original Case Studies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Employee Safety Process at a Gas Pipeline Company | |
| |
| |
| |
| Creating a Positive Safety Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Lessons Learned in Enhancing Safety Performance in a Paper Mill | |
| |
| |
| |
| Behavioral Approach to Industrial Hygiene | |
| |
| |
| |
| Long-Term Effects of a Safety Reward Program in Open-Pit Mining | |
| |
| |
| |
| Sample Implementation Schedules | |
| |
| |
| |
| Selected Consultants Experienced in Implementing Behavioral Safety Processes | |
| |
| |
| |
| Unstructured Approach to Identifying and Defining Values | |
| |
| |
| Clarifying your Values | |
| |
| |
| |
| Identify Your Basic Values | |
| |
| |
| |
| Pinpoint Practices That Exemplify Those Values | |
| |
| |
| |
| Provide Training on the New Values | |
| |
| |
| |
| Use the Values as Basic Ground Rules for Interactions | |
| |
| |
| References | |
| |
| |
| Index | |