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| Foreword | |
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| Preface | |
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| Introduction | |
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| De.nition and History of Tribology | |
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| Industrial Signi.cance of Tribology | |
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| Origins and Signi.cance of Micro/Nanotribology | |
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| Organization of the Book | |
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| References | |
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| Solid Surface Characterization | |
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| The Nature of Surfaces | |
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| Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Surface Layers | |
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| Deformed Layer | |
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| Beilby Layer | |
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| Chemically Reacted Layer | |
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| Physisorbed Layer | |
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| Chemisorbed Layer | |
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| Methods of Characterization of Surface Layers | |
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| Analysis of Surface Roughness | |
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| Average Roughness Parameters | |
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| Statistical Analyses | |
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| Fractal Characterization | |
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| Practical Considerations in Measurement of Roughness Parameters | |
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| Measurement of Surface Roughness | |
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| Mechanical Stylus Method | |
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| Optical Methods | |
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| Scanning Probe Microscopy (SPM) Methods | |
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| Fluid Methods | |
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| Electrical Method | |
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| Electron Microscopy Methods | |
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| Analysis of Measured Height Distribution | |
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| Comparison of Measurement Methods | |
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| Closure | |
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| References | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Contact between Solid Surfaces | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Analysis of the Contacts | |
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| Single Asperity Contact of Homogeneous and Frictionless Solids | |
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| Single Asperity Contact of Layered Solids in Frictionless and Frictional Contacts | |
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| Multiple Asperity Dry Contacts | |
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| Measurement of the Real Area of Contact | |
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| Measurement Techniques | |
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| Typical Measurements | |
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| Closure | |
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| References | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Adhesion | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Solid-Solid Contact | |
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| Covalent Bond | |
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| Ionic or Electrostatic Bond | |
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| Metallic Bond | |
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| Van der Waals Bond | |
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| Free Surface Energy Theory of Adhesion | |
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| Polymer Adhesion | |
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| Liquid-Mediated Contact | |
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| Idealized Geometries | |
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| Multiple-Asperity Contacts | |
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| Closure | |
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| References | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Friction | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Solid-Solid Contact | |
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| Rules of Sliding Friction | |
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| Basic Mechanisms of Sliding Friction | |
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| Other Mechanisms of Sliding Friction | |
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| Friction Transitions during Sliding | |
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| Static Friction | |
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| Stick-Slip | |
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| Rolling Friction | |
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| Liquid-Mediated Contact | |
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| Friction of Materials | |
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| Friction of Metals and Alloys | |
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| Friction of Ceramics | |
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| Friction of Polymers | |
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| Friction of Solid Lubricants | |
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| Closure | |
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| References | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Interface Temperature of Sliding Surfaces | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Thermal Analysis | |
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| Fundamental Heat Conduction Solutions | |
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| High Contact-Stress Condition (A r /A a sim;1) (Individual Contact) | |
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| Low Contact-Stress Condition (Multiple-Asperity Contact) | |
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| Interface Temperature Measurements | |
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| Thermocouple and Thin-Film Temperature Sensors | |
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| Radiation Detection Techniques | |
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| Metallographic Techniques | |
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| Liquid Crystals | |
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| Closure | |
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| References | |
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| Wear | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Types of Wear Mechanisms | |
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| Adhesive Wear | |
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| Abrasive Wear (by Plastic Deformation and Fracture) | |
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| Fatigue Wear | |
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| Impact Wear | |
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| Chemical (Corrosive) Wear | |
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| Electrical-Arc-Induced Wear | |
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| Fretting and Fretting Corrosion | |
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| Types of Particles Present in Wear Debris | |
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| Plate-Shaped Particles | |
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| Ribbon-Shaped Particles | |
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| Spherical Particles | |
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| Irregular-Shaped Particles | |
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| Wear of Materials | |
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| Wear of Metals and Alloys | |
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| Wear of Ceramics | |
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| Wear of Polymers | |
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| Closure | |
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| References | |
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| Suggested Reading | |
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| Fluid Film Lubrication | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Regimes of Fluid Film | |