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| Preface | |
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| Preface to the Third Edition | |
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| Preface to the Second Edition | |
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| Preface to the First Edition | |
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| List of Symbols | |
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| Fundamental Principles | |
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| Mass Conservation | |
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| Force Balances (Momentum Equations) | |
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| First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Rules of Scale Analysis | |
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| Heatlines for Visualizing Convection | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Laminar Boundary Layer Flow | |
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| Fundamental Problem in Convective Heat Transfer | |
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| Concept of Boundary Layer | |
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| Scale Analysis | |
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| Integral Solutions | |
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| Similarity Solutions | |
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| Method | |
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| Flow Solution | |
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| Heat Transfer Solution | |
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| Other Wall Heating Conditions | |
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| Unheated Starting Length | |
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| Arbitrary Wall Temperature | |
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| Uniform Heat Flux | |
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| Film Temperature | |
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| Longitudinal Pressure Gradient: Flow Past a Wedge and Stagnation Flow | |
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| Flow Through the Wall: Blowing and Suction | |
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| Conduction Across a Solid Coating Deposited on a Wall | |
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| Entropy Generation Minimization in Laminar Boundary Layer Flow | |
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| Heatlines in Laminar Boundary Layer Flow | |
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| Distribution of Heat Sources on a Wall Cooled by Forced Convection | |
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| The Flow of Stresses | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Laminar Duct Flow | |
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| Hydrodynamic Entrance Length | |
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| Fully Developed Flow | |
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| Hydraulic Diameter and Pressure Drop | |
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| Heat Transfer To Fully Developed Duct Flow | |
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| Mean Temperature | |
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| Fully Developed Temperature Profile | |
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| Uniform Wall Heat Flux | |
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| Uniform Wall Temperature | |
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| Heat Transfer to Developing Flow | |
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| Scale Analysis | |
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| Thermally Developing Hagen-Poiseuille Flow | |
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| Thermally and Hydraulically Developing Flow | |
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| Stack of Heat-Generating Plates | |
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| Heatlines in Fully Developed Duct Flow | |
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| Duct Shape for Minimum Flow Resistance | |
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| Tree-Shaped Flow | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| External Natural Convection | |
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| Natural Convection as a Heat Engine in Motion | |
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| Laminar Boundary Layer Equations | |
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| Scale Analysis | |
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| High-Pr Fluids | |
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| Low-Pr Fluids | |
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| Observations | |
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| Integral Solution | |
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| High-Pr Fluids | |
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| Low-Pr Fluids | |
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| Similarity Solution | |
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| Uniform Wall Heat Flux | |
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| Effect of Thermal Stratification | |
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| Conjugate Boundary Layers | |
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| Vertical Channel Flow | |
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| Combined Natural and Forced Convection (Mixed Convection) | |
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| Heat Transfer Results Including the Effect of Turbulence | |
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| Vertical Walls | |
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| Inclined Walls | |
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| Horizontal Walls | |
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| Horizontal Cylinder | |
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| Sphere | |
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| Vertical Cylinder | |
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| Other Immersed Bodies | |
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| Stack of Vertical Heat-Generating Plates | |
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| Distribution of Heat Sources on a Vertical Wall | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Internal Natural Convection | |
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| Transient Heating from the Side | |
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| Scale Analysis | |
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| Criterion for Distinct Vertical Layers | |
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| Criterion for Distinct Horizontal Jets | |
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| Boundary Layer Regime | |
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| Shallow Enclosure Limit | |
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| Summary of Results for Heating from the Side | |
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| Isothermal Sidewalls | |
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| Sidewalls with Uniform Heat Flux | |
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| Partially Divided Enclosures | |
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| Triangular Enclosures | |
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| Enclosures Heated from Below | |
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| Heat Transfer Results | |
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| Scale Theory of the Turbulent Regime | |
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| Constructal Theory of B�nard Convection | |
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| Inclined Enclosures | |
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| Annular Space Between Horizontal Cylinders | |
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| Annular Space Between Concentric Spheres | |
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| Enclosures for Thermal Insulation and Mechanical Strength | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Transition to Turbulence | |
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| Empirical Transition Data | |
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| Scaling Laws of Transition | |
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| Buckling of Inviscid Streams | |
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| Local Reynolds Number Criterion for Transition | |
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| Instability of Inviscid Flow | |
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| Transition in Natural Convection on a Vertical Wall | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow | |
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| Large-Scale Structure | |
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| Time-Averaged Equations | |
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| Boundary Layer Equations | |
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| Mixing Length Model | |
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| Velocity Distribution | |
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| Wall Friction in Boundary Layer Flow | |
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| Heat Transfer in Boundary Layer Flow | |
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| Theory of Heat Transfer in Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow | |
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| Other External Flows | |
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| Single Cylinder in Cross Flow | |
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| Sphere | |
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| Other Body Shapes | |
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| Arrays of Cylinders in Cross Flow | |
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| Natural Convection Along Vertical Walls | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Turbulent Duct Flow | |
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| Velocity Distribution | |
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| Friction Factor and Pressure Drop | |
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| Heat Transfer Coefficient | |
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| Total Heat Transfer Rate | |
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| Isothermal Wall | |
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| Uniform Wall Heating | |
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| Time-Dependent Heat Transfer | |
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| More Refined Turbulence Models | |
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| Heatlines in Turbulent Flow Near a Wall | |
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| Channel Spacings for Turbulent Flow | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Free Turbulent Flows | |
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| Free Shear Layers | |
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| Free Turbulent Flow Model | |
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| Velocity Distribution | |
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| Structure of Free Turbulent Flows | |
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| Temperature Distribution | |
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| Jets | |
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| Two-Dimensional Jets | |
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| Round Jets | |
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| Jet in Density-Stratified Reservoir | |
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| Plumes | |
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| Round Plume and the Entrainment Hypothesis | |
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| Pulsating Frequency of Pool Fires | |
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| Geometric Similarity of Free Turbulent Flows | |
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| Thermal Wakes Behind Concentrated Sources | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Convection with Change of Phase | |
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| Condensation | |
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| Laminar Film on a Vertical Surface | |
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| Turbulent Film on a Vertical Surface | |
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| Film Condensation in Other Configurations | |
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| Drop Condensation | |
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| Boiling | |
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| Pool Boiling Regimes | |
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| Nucleate Boiling and Peak Heat Flux | |
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| Film Boiling and Minimum Heat Flux | |
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| Flow Boiling | |
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| Contact Melting and Lubrication | |
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| Plane Surfaces with Relative Motion | |
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| Other Contact Melting Configurations | |
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| Scale Analysis and Correlation | |
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| Melting Due to Viscous Heating in the Liquid Film | |
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| Melting By Natural Convection | |
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| Transition from the Conduction Regime to the Convection Regime | |
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| Quasisteady Convection Regime | |
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| Horizontal Spreading of the Melt Layer | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Mass Transfer | |
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| Properties of Mixtures | |
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| Mass Conservation | |
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| Mass Diffusivities | |
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| Boundary Conditions | |
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| Laminar Forced Convection | |
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| Impermeable Surface Model | |
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| Other External Forced Convection Configurations | |
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| Internal Forced Convection | |
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| Natural Convection | |
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| Mass-Transfer-Driven Flow | |
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| Heat-Transfer-Driven Flow | |
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| Turbulent Flow | |
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| Time-Averaged Concentration Equation | |
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| Forced Convection Results | |
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| Contaminant Removal from a Ventilated Enclosure | |
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| Massfunction and Masslines | |
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| Effect of Chemical Reaction | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Convection in Porous Media | |
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| Mass Conservation | |
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| Darcy Flow Model and the Forchheimer Modification | |
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| First Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Second Law of Thermodynamics | |
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| Forced Convection | |
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| Boundary Layers | |
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| Concentrated Heat Sources | |
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| Sphere and Cylinder in Cross Flow | |
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| Channel Filled with Porous Medium | |
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| Natural Convection Boundary Layers | |
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| Boundary Layer Equations: Vertical Wall | |
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| Uniform Wall Temperature | |
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| Uniform Wall Heat Flux | |
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| Spacings for Channels Filled with Porous Structures | |
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| Conjugate Boundary Layers | |
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| Thermal Stratification | |
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| Sphere and Horizontal Cylinder | |
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| Horizontal Walls | |
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| Concentrated Heat Sources | |
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| Enclosed Porous Media Heated from the Side | |
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| Four Heat Transfer Regimes | |
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| Convection Results | |
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| Penetrative Convection | |
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| Lateral Penetration | |
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| Vertical Penetration | |
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| Enclosed Porous Media Heated from Below | |
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| Onset of Convection | |
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| Darcy Flow | |
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| Forchheimer Flow | |
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| Multiple Flow Scales Distributed Nonuniformly | |
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| Heat Transfer | |
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| Fluid Friction | |
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| Heat Transfer Rate Density: The Smallest Scale for Convection | |
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| Natural Porous Media: Alternating Trees | |
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| References | |
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| Problems | |
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| Appendixes | |
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| Constants and Conversion Factors | |
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| Properties of Solids | |
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| Properties of Liquids | |
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| Properties of Gases | |
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| Mathematical Formulas | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |