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| Preface | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Some Physical Constants of Interest in Spectroscopy | |
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| A Periodic Table of the Elements for Optical Spectroscopy | |
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| Fundamentals | |
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| Origin of the Spectroscopy | |
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| Electromagnetic Spectrum | |
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| Optical Spectroscopy | |
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| Absorption | |
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| The Spectrophotometer | |
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| Luminescence | |
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| The Spectrofluorimeter | |
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| Time Resolved Luminescence | |
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| Scattering | |
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| The Raman effect | |
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| Advanced topic: The Fourier Transform Spectrophotometer | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Light Sources | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Lamps | |
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| The Laser | |
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| Basic Principles | |
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| Types of Lasers | |
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| Tunability of laser radiation | |
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| The Optical Parametric Oscillator | |
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| Advanced Topic | |
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| Site Selective Spectroscopy | |
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| Excited State Absorption | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Monochromators and Detectors | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Monochromators | |
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| Types of Detectors | |
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| Basic Parameters | |
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| The Photomultiplier | |
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| Signal/noise ratio Optimisation | |
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| Detection of Pulses | |
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| Advanced Topic: Detection of Very Fast Pulses | |
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| The Streak Camera | |
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| The Correlator | |
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| Exercises | |
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| The Optical Transparency of Solids | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Optical Magnitudes and the Dielectric Constant | |
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| The Lorentz Oscillator | |
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| Metals | |
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| Semiconductors and Insulators | |
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| Spectral Shape of the Fundamental Absorption Edge | |
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| Excitons | |
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| Advanced Topic: The Colour of Metals | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Optically Active Centers | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Static Interaction | |
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| The Crystalline Field | |
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| Band Intensities | |
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| The Oscillator Strength | |
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| Dynamic Interaction | |
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| The Coordinate Configuration Diagram | |
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| Band Shape | |
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| The Huang-Rhys Factor | |
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| Non Radiative Transitions. Energy Transfer | |
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| Advanced Topic: Determination of Quantum Efficiencies | |
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| Exercises | |
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| Applications: Rare Earth and Transition Metal Ions, and Color Centers | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Trivalent Rare Earth Ions. Diagram of Dieke | |
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| Non Radiative Transitions in Rare Earth Ions | |
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| The "Energy Gap" Law | |
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| Transition Metal Ions. Tanabe- Sugano Diagrams | |
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| Colour Centres | |
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| Advanced topic | |
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| The Judd and Ofelt method | |
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| Optical Cooling of Solids | |
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| Group Theory and Spectroscopy | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Symmetry Operations and Classes | |
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| Representations. The Character Table | |
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| Reduction in Symmetry and Splitting of Energy Levels | |
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| Selection Rules for Optical Transitions | |
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| Illustrative Examples | |
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| Advanced Topic: Applications to Optical Transitions of Kramers Ions | |
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| Exercises | |
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| The Joint Density of States | |
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| The Effect of an Octahedral Field on a d 1 Valence Electron | |
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| The Calculation of the Probability of Spontaneous Emission by Means of Einstein Thermodynamic Treatment | |
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| Determination of the Smakula's Formula | |
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| Index | |