| |
| |
Symbols | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
What and How? | |
| |
| |
| |
Physical Origins and Rate Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Relationship to Thermodynamics | |
| |
| |
| |
Units and Dimensions | |
| |
| |
| |
Analysis of Heat Transfer Problems: Methodology | |
| |
| |
| |
Relevance of Heat Transfer | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction to Conduction | |
| |
| |
| |
The Conduction Rate Equation | |
| |
| |
| |
The Thermal Properties of Matter | |
| |
| |
| |
The Heat Diffusion Equation | |
| |
| |
| |
Boundary and Initial Conditions | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
One-Dimensional, Steady-State Conduction | |
| |
| |
| |
The Plane Wall | |
| |
| |
| |
An Alternative Conduction Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Radial Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary of One-Dimensional Conduction Results | |
| |
| |
| |
Conduction with Thermal Energy Generation | |
| |
| |
| |
Heat Transfer from Extended Surfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
The Bioheat Equation | |
| |
| |
| |
Thermoelectric Power Generation | |
| |
| |
| |
Micro- and Nanoscale Conduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Two-Dimensional, Steady-State Conduction | |
| |
| |
| |
Alternative Approaches | |
| |
| |
| |
The Method of Separation of Variables | |
| |
| |
| |
The Conduction Shape Factor and the Dimensionless Conduction Heat Rate | |
| |
| |
| |
Finite-Difference Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Solving the Finite-Difference Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Transient Conduction | |
| |
| |
| |
The Lumped Capacitance Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Validity of the Lumped Capacitance Method | |
| |
| |
| |
General Lumped Capacitance Analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Spatial Effects | |
| |
| |
| |
The Plane Wall with Convection | |
| |
| |
| |
Radial Systems with Convection | |
| |
| |
| |
The Semi-Infinite Solid | |
| |
| |
| |
Objects with Constant Surface Temperatures or Surface Heat Fluxes | |
| |
| |
| |
Periodic Heating | |
| |
| |
| |
Finite-Difference Methods | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Introduction to Convection | |
| |
| |
| |
The Convection Boundary Layers | |
| |
| |
| |
Local and Average Convection Coefficients | |
| |
| |
| |
Laminar and Turbulent Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
The Boundary Layer Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Boundary Layer Similarity: The Normalized Boundary Layer Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Physical Interpretation of the Dimensionless Parameters | |
| |
| |
| |
Momentum and Heat Transfer (Reynolds) Analogy | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
External Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
The Empirical Method | |
| |
| |
| |
The Flat Plate in Parallel Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Methodology for a Convection Calculation | |
| |
| |
| |
The Cylinder in Cross Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
The Sphere | |
| |
| |
| |
Flow Across Banks of Tubes | |
| |
| |
| |
Impinging Jets | |
| |
| |
| |
Packed Beds | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Internal Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
Hydrodynamic Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
Thermal Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
The Energy Balance | |
| |
| |
| |
Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes: Thermal Analysis and Convection Correlations | |
| |
| |
| |
Convection Correlations: Turbulent Flow in Circular Tubes | |
| |
| |
| |
Convection Correlations: Noncircular Tubes and the Concentric Tube Annulus | |
| |
| |
| |
Heat Transfer Enhancement | |
| |
| |
| |
Flow in Small Channels | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Free Convection | |
| |
| |
| |
Physical Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
The Governing Equations for Laminar Boundary Layers | |
| |
| |
| |
Similarity Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
Laminar Free Convection on a Vertical Surface | |
| |
| |
| |
The Effects of Turbulence | |
| |
| |
| |
Empirical Correlations: External Free Convection Flows | |
| |
| |
| |
Free Convection Within Parallel Plate Channels | |
| |
| |
| |
Empirical Correlations: Enclosures | |
| |
| |
| |
Combined Free and Forced Convection | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Boiling and Condensation | |
| |
| |
| |
Dimensionless Parameters in Boiling and Condensation | |
| |
| |
| |
Boiling Modes | |
| |
| |
| |
Pool Boiling | |
| |
| |
| |
Pool Boiling Correlations | |
| |
| |
| |
Forced Convection Boiling | |
| |
| |
| |
Condensation: Physical Mechanisms | |
| |
| |
| |
Laminar Film Condensation on a Vertical Plate | |
| |
| |
| |
Turbulent Film Condensation | |
| |
| |
| |
Film Condensation on Radial Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
Condensation in Horizontal Tubes | |
| |
| |
| |
Dropwise Condensation | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Heat Exchangers | |
| |
| |
| |
Heat Exchanger Types | |
| |
| |
| |
The Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient | |
| |
| |
| |
Heat Exchanger Analysis: Use of the Log Mean Temperature Difference | |
| |
| |
| |
Heat Exchanger Analysis: The Effectiveness-NTU Method | |
| |
| |
| |
Heat Exchanger Design and Performance Calculations | |
| |
| |
| |
Additional Considerations | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Radiation: Processes and Properties | |
| |
| |
| |
Fundamental Concepts | |
| |
| |
| |
Radiation Heat Fluxes | |
| |
| |
| |
Radiation Intensity | |
| |
| |
| |
Blackbody Radiation | |
| |
| |
| |
Emission from Real Surfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
Absorption, Reflection, and Transmission by Real Surfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
Kirchhoff's Law | |
| |
| |
| |
The Gray Surface | |
| |
| |
| |
Environmental Radiation | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Radiation Exchange Between Surfaces | |
| |
| |
| |
The View Factor | |
| |
| |
| |
Blackbody Radiation Exchange | |
| |
| |
| |
Radiation Exchange Between Opaque, Diffuse, Gray Surfaces in an Enclosure | |
| |
| |
| |
Multimode Heat Transfer | |
| |
| |
| |
Implications of the Simplifying Assumptions | |
| |
| |
| |
Radiation Exchange with Participating Media | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
Thermophysical Properties of Matter | |
| |
| |
| |
Mathematical Relations and Functions | |
| |
| |
| |
Thermal Conditions Associated with Uniform Energy Generation in One-Dimensional, Steady-State Systems | |
| |
| |
| |
The Gauss-Seidel Method | |
| |
| |
| |
The Convection Transfer Equations | |
| |
| |
| |
Boundary Layer Equations for Turbulent Flow | |
| |
| |
| |
An Integral Laminar Boundary Layer Solution for Parallel Flow over a Flat Plate | |
| |
| |
Index. | |