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| Foreword | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Introducing Semantic Web Programming | |
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| Preparing to Program a Semantic Web of Data | |
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| Defining the Semantic Web | |
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| Identifying the Major Programming Components | |
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| Determining Impacts on Programming | |
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| Establishing aWeb Data-Centric Perspective | |
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| Expressing Semantic Data | |
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| Sharing Data | |
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| Making Data Dynamic and Flexible | |
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| Avoiding the Roadblocks, Myths, and Hype | |
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| Semantic Web Roadblocks | |
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| Semantic Web Myths | |
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| Semantic Web Hype | |
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| Understanding SemanticWeb Origins | |
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| Exploring SemanticWeb Examples | |
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| Semantic Wikis (semantic-mediawiki.org) | |
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| Twine (www.twine.com) | |
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| The FOAF Project (www.foaf-project.org) | |
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| RDFa and Microformats | |
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| Semantic Query Endpoint (dbpedia.org/sparql) | |
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| Semantic Search (www.trueknowledge.com) | |
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| Summary and Onward | |
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| Notes | |
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| Hello Semantic Web World | |
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| Setting Up Your Semantic Web Development Environment | |
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| Programming the Hello Semantic WebWorld Application | |
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| Summary | |
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| Foundations of Semantic Web Programming | |
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| Modeling Information | |
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| Modeling Information in Software | |
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| Sharing Information Syntax and Semantics | |
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| Serialized Objects | |
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| Relational Databases | |
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| Extensible Markup Language (XML) | |
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| Metadata and Data in Information Sharing | |
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| The SemanticWeb Information Model The Resource Description Framework (RDF) | |
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| Nodes Resources and Literals | |
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| Edges Predicates | |
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| Exchanging Information with RDF | |
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| Statements as Points | |
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| RDF Serializations | |
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| RDF/XML | |
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| Terse RDF Triple Language (Turtle) | |
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| N-Triples | |
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| Quick Hack | |
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| More RDF | |
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| Blank Nodes | |
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| Reification | |
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| RDF Organizational Constructs | |
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| Summary | |
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| Incorporating Semantics | |
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| Semantics on the Web | |
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| Motivating Factors | |
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| Understanding the World WideWeb | |
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| Knowledge Domain Integration | |
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| Expressing Semantics in RDF | |
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| Vocabularies, Taxonomies, and Ontologies | |
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| A Vocabulary Language for RDF | |
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| An Ontology Language for the Web | |
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| Introduction to Ontologies | |
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| Distributed Knowledge | |
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| Open World Assumption | |
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| No Unique Names Assumption | |
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| Overview of Ontology Elements | |
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| Ontology Header | |
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| Classes and Individuals | |
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| Properties | |
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| Annotations | |
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| Data types | |
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| Elements of an Ontology | |
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| OWL 2 Typing | |
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| Ontology Header | |
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| Annotations | |
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| Basic Classification | |
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| Classes and Individuals | |
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| Instance versus Subclass | |
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| Defining and Using Properties | |
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| Property Domain and Range | |
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| Describing Properties | |
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| Top and Bottom Properties | |
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| Inverse Properties | |
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| Disjoint Properties | |
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| Property Chains | |
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| Symmetric, Reflexive, and Transitive Properties | |
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| Functional and Inverse Functional Properties | |
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| Keys | |
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| Datatypes | |
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| Data type Restrictions | |
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| Defining Datatypes in Terms of Other Datatypes | |
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| Negative Property Assertions | |
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| Property Restrictions | |
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| Value Restrictions | |
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| Cardinality Restrictions | |
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| Qualified Cardinality Restrictions | |
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| Advanced Class Description | |
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| Enumerating Class Membership | |
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| Set Operators | |
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| Disjoint Classes | |
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| Equivalence in OWL | |
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| Equivalence among Individuals | |
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| Equivalence among Classes and Properties | |
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| Summary | |
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| Modeling Knowledge in the Real World | |
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| Exploring the Components of the SemanticWeb | |
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| Semantic Web Frameworks | |
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| Storing and Retrieving RDF | |
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| RDF Store Implementations | |
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| Retrieving Information in a Knowledgebase | |
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| Realizing the Semantics of OWL | |
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| Understanding Forward Chaining Inference | |
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| Understanding Backward Chaining Inference | |
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| Choosing the Right Inference Method | |
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| Common Frameworks and Components | |
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| RDF Store Implementations | |
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| Retrieval Components | |
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| Reasoning Engines | |
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| Knowledgebase Performance | |
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| Exploring the Profiles of OWL | |
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| OWL Full and OWL DL | |
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| The Profiles of OWL | |
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| OWL EL | |
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| OWL QL | |
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| OWL RL | |
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| Demonstrating OWL Inference | |
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| The Ontology | |
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| The Example Application | |
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| The Results | |
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| Performing No Inference | |
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| Performing RDFS Inference | |
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| Performing OWL Inference | |
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| Working with Ontologies | |
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| Decoupling the Knowledge Model from the Application | |
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| Sharing across Domain and Application Boundaries | |
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| What Is a Foundational Ontology? | |
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| Common Foundational Ontologies | |
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| BFO | |
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| Cyc and OpenCyc | |
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| DOLCE | |
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| SUMO | |
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| Dublin Core Metadata Initiative | |
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| FOAF | |
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| GeoRSS and OWL-Time | |
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| Finding Ontologies to Reuse or Extend | |
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| Choosing the Right Foundational Ontologies | |
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| Summary | |
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| Discovering Information | |
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| Navigating the SemanticWeb | |
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| Searching the Semantic Web | |
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| Querying the Semantic Web | |
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| Quickstart with SPARQL | |
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| Four Foundational Query Forms | |
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| SELECT Essentials | |
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| RDF Datasets, FROM and FROM NAMED | |
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| Query Modifiers | |
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| Distinct | |
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| Reduced | |
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| ORder By | |
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| Data Streaming with OFFSET and LIMIT | |
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| Flexible Querying with Filter And Optional | |
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| Filter | |
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| Optional | |
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| Union | |
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| Construct Essentials | |
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| Describe Essentials | |
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| Ask Essentials | |
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| SPARQL Entailment | |
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| Unsupported Functionality | |
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| Data Modification | |
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| Subqueries | |
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| Aggregation | |
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| Summary | |
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| Adding Rules | |
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| What Are Rules? | |
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| Reasons for Rules | |
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| No Support for Property Composition | |
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| Use of Built-ins | |
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| Ontological Mediation | |
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| Limiting Assumptions | |
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| Rule Languages | |
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| SWRL Essentials | |
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| The Abstract Syntax | |
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| The XML Concrete Syntax | |
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| var | |
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| imp | |
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| rlab | |
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| body | |
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| head | |
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| classAtom | |
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| data range Atom | |
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| individual Property Atom | |
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| data valued Property Atom | |
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| same Individual Atom | |
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| different Individuals Atom | |
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| builtin Atom | |
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| The RDF Concrete Syntax | |
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| Built-ins | |
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| Examples | |
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| DL-Safe Rules | |
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| Ontological Mediation | |
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| Mapping Friends without Upsetting Any of Them | |
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| The Power of Rules | |
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| Jena Rules | |
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| Rule Interchange Format | |
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| Delving into the Details | |
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| The Future of RIF | |
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| Summary | |
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| Building Semantic Web Applications | |
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| Applying a Programming Framework | |
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| Framing the Semantic Web | |
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| The Jena SemanticWeb Framework | |
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| Defining Jena Programming Concepts | |
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| Programming with Jena | |
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| Establishing the Jena Development Environment | |
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| Establishing the Knowledgebase Setting Up the Model | |
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| Populating the Model with Semantic Web Data | |
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| Combining SemanticWeb Data | |
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| Interrogating Semantic Web Data | |
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| Reasoning across Semantic Web Data | |
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| Exporting SemanticWeb Data | |
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| Deallocating Semantic Web Data Resources | |
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| Managing Semantic Web Data | |
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| Getting Information Regarding Your Semantic Web Data | |
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| Generating Events Based on SemanticWeb Data | |
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| Dealing with Concurrency and Your Semantic Web Data | |
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| Customizing the Jena Framework | |
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| Serializing SemanticWeb Data | |
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| Common App Overview FriendTracker | |
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| Summary | |
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| Combining Information | |
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| Combining Information | |
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| Representing Information | |
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| Translating between Representations | |
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| Addressing the Challenges of Translation | |
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| Maintaining Fidelity | |
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| Tracking Provenance Information | |
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| Reversing the Process | |
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| Handling Varying Data | |
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| Managing Data Volume | |
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| Introducing the FriendTracker Data Sources | |
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| Facebook XML Web Service | |
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| Jabber Java Client | |
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| Upcoming.org XML Web Service | |
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| WordPress Relational Database | |
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| Exposing XML-Based Web Services as RDF | |
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| Introducing the Weather.gov XML Feed | |
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| Exposing XML Using XSL Transformations | |
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| Traversing XML Documents with XPath | |
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| Applying XSLT to a Simple Example | |
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| Processing XML and XSLT Programmatically | |
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| Applying XSLT to the Facebook Data Source | |
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| Weighing the Benefits and the Costs of XSLT | |
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| Exposing XML Using XML Bindings and Velocity | |
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| Generating Java Bindings for XML Data | |
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| Unmarshalling XML Data into Java | |
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| Introducing the Velocity Template Engine | |
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| Generating RDF with Velocity | |
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| Weighing the Benefits and the Costs | |
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| Exposing Relational Databases as RDF | |
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| Exposing a WordPress Blog Using D2RQ | |
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| Creating D2RQ Mappings for theWordPress Database | |
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| Wrapping the D2RQ Instance in a Jena Model | |
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| Querying the D2RQ Exposed WordPress Database | |
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| Weighing the Benefits and the Costs of D2RQ | |
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| Exposing Other Sources of Data | |
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| Exposing Jabber with a Custom Streaming RDF Writer | |
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| Exposing Java Objects Using Reflection | |
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| Applying the RDF Generator to the Weather.gov XML Feed | |
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| Applying the RDF Generator to the Upcoming.org XML Feed | |
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| Summary | |
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| Aligning Information | |
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| Data Source, Domain, and Application Ontologies | |
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| Aligning Ontologies | |
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| Ontology Constructs | |
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| Translation via Rules | |
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| Explicit Translation | |
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| Ad Hoc Approaches to Translation | |
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| FriendTracker | |
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| Aligning Ontologies with OWL and SWRL | |
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| Aligning Ontologies with XSLT | |
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| Aligning Ontologies with Code | |
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| Aligning Simple Ontologies with RDFS | |
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| Record Linkage | |
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| Summary | |
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| Sharing Information | |
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| Microformats | |
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| eRDF | |
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| RDFa | |
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| Supported Attributes | |
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| xmlns | |
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| rel | |
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| rev | |
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| href | |
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| src | |
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| about | |
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| property | |
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| resource | |
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| datatype | |
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| typeof | |
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| Blank Nodes | |
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| Language Support | |
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| Tools and Frameworks | |
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| RDF Transformational Tools | |
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| SPARQL Endpoints | |
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| Joseki Installation and Operation | |
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| xOperator | |
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| Installation and Operation | |
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| Example Query | |
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| FriendTracker in RDFa | |
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| Summary | |
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| Expanding Semantic Web Programming | |
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| Developing and Using Semantic Services | |
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| Background | |
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| Discovery | |
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| Invocation | |
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| Negotiation | |
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| Error Handling | |
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| Monitoring | |
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| Composition | |
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| Implementing Semantic Services | |
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| Semantic Markup forWeb Services | |
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| ServiceProfile | |
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| ServiceModel | |
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| ServiceGrounding | |
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| Web Service Modeling Ontology | |
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| Semantic Annotations for WSDL | |
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| SAWSDL Example | |
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| SAWSDL Tools | |
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| Summary | |
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| Managing Space and Time | |
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| Space and Time in Software | |
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| Spatial Information | |
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| Temporal Information | |
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| Representing Spatiotemporal Data on the SemanticWeb | |
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| Spatial and Temporal Software with Jena | |
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| Working with Spatial Data | |
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| Example Spatial Queries | |
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| Framing the Problem | |
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| Approach and Rationale | |
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| Components | |
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| Example Transaction Time-Bounded Queries | |
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| Framing the Problem | |
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| Approach and Rationale | |
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| Components | |
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| Summary | |
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| Notes | |
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| Semantic Web Patterns and Best Practices | |
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| Aggregating Disparate Data Sources | |
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| Exposing Data Sources as RDF | |
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| Bringing Data into the Domain Knowledge Model | |
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| Storing Information in the Knowledgebase | |
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| Initiating the Flow of Data | |
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| Annotating Unstructured Data | |
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| Annotation Management | |
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| Ontology Management | |
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| Unstructured Data Sources and the Client Application | |
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| Coordinating Semantic Services | |
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| Applying SemanticWeb Best Practices | |
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| Creating URIs | |
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| Making URIs Unique | |
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| Making URIs Consistent | |
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| Making URIs Resolvable | |
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| Specifying Units of Measurement | |
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| Unit-Specific Properties and Datatypes | |
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| Statement Reification | |
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| Value Containers | |
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| Representing N-ary Relationships | |
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| Managing Bad Data | |
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| Summary | |
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| Moving Forward | |
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| Advancing Ontologies | |
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| Ontology Repositories and Registries | |
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| Linked Data | |
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| Versioning | |
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| Ontology Metrics | |
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| Advancing Integration | |
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| Semantic Pipes | |
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| Distributed Queries | |
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| Alignment | |
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| Advancing Reasoning | |
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| Rule Interchange Format (RIF) | |
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| Probabilistic Reasoning | |
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| Trust Proof Markup Language | |
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| LarKC The Large Knowledge Collider | |
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| Advancing Visualization | |
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| Summary | |
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| RDF | |
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| The OWL Web Ontology Language | |
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| SWRL | |
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| SPARQL | |
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| Jena Reference Guide | |
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| Installation Reference Guide | |
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| Index | |