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Green Chemistry and Engineering in the Context of Sustainability | |
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Why Green Chemistry? | |
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Green Chemistry, Green Engineering and Sustainability | |
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Until Death Do Us Part: A Marriage of Disciplines | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Green Chemistry and Green Engineering Principles | |
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Green Chemistry Principles | |
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Twelve More Green Chemistry Principles | |
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Twelve Principles of Green Engineering | |
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The San Destin Declaration - Principles of Green Engineering | |
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Simplifying the Principles | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Starting with the Basics: Integrating Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) | |
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Environmental Issues of Importance | |
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Health Issues of Importance | |
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Safety Issues of Importance | |
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Hazard and Risk | |
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An Integrated perspective to Environment, Health and Safety | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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How do we know it's Green? - A Metrics Primer | |
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General Considerations about Green Chemistry and Engineering Metrics | |
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Chemistry metrics | |
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Process Metrics | |
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Cost implications and Green Chemistry Metrics | |
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A Final Word on Green Metrics | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Route and Chemistry Selection | |
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The Challenge of Synthetic Chemistry | |
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Making Molecules | |
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Using Different Chemistries | |
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Route Strategy | |
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Protection/Deprotection | |
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Going from a route to a process | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Material Selection: Solvents, Catalysts, Reagents | |
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Solvents and Solvent Selection Strategies | |
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Environment, Health and Safety Hazards of Organic Solvents | |
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Catalysts and Catalyst Selection Strategies | |
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Other Reagents | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Reaction Conditions and Green Chemistry | |
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Stoichiometry | |
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Design of experiments | |
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Temperature | |
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Solvent use | |
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Solvents and Energy Use | |
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Reaction and processing time | |
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Order and Rate of Reagent Addition | |
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Mixing | |
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Appendix 7.1: Common Practices in Batch Chemical Processing and their Green Chemistry Impacts | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Bioprocesses | |
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How Biotechnology has been used | |
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Are Bioprocesses Green? | |
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What is involved in bioprocessing? | |
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Examples of Products obtained from Bioprocessing | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Mass and Energy Balances | |
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Why do we need Mass Balances, Energy Balances, Process Flow Diagrams? | |
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Type of Processes | |
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Process Flow Diagams | |
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Mass Balances | |
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Energy Balances | |
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Measuring 'Greenness' of a Process through Energy and Mass Balances | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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The Scale-up effect | |
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The scale-up problem | |
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Factors affecting scale-up | |
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Scale-up tools | |
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Numbering up vs. scaling up | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Reactors and Separations | |
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Reactors and Separations in Green Engineering | |
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Reactors | |
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Separations and Other Unit Operations | |
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Batch vs. Continuous | |
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Does size matter? | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Process Synthesis | |
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Process Synthesis | |
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Process Synthesis Approaches and Green Engineering | |
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Evolutionary Techniques | |
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Heuristics Methods | |
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Hierarchical Decomposition | |
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Superstructure and Multi-Objective Optimization | |
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Synthesis of Sub-systems | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Mass and Energy Integration | |
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Process Integration: Synthesis, Analysis and Optimization | |
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Energy Integration | |
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Mass Integration | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Inherent Safety | |
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Inherent safety vs "traditional" process safety | |
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What is inherent safety or inherently safer design? | |
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Inherent Safety in Route Strategy and Process Design | |
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Conclusions on Inherent Safety | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Process Intensification | |
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Process Intensification | |
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Process Intensification Technologies | |
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Process Intensification Techniques | |
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Perspectives on Process Intensification | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Life Cycle Inventory and Assessment Concepts | |
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What are Life Cycle Inventory and Assessment | |
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LCI/A Methodology | |
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Interpretation - Making Decisions with LCI/A | |
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Streamlined Life Cycle Assessment | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Impacts of Materials and Procurement | |
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Life Cycle Management | |
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Chemical trees and Supply Chains - just where does this stuff come from? | |
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"Green Procurement" | |
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Transportation Impacts | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Impacts of Energy Requirements | |
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Where do we get our energy from? | |
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Environmental Life Cycle Emissions and Impacts of Energy Generation | |
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From Emissions to Impacts | |
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Energy Requirements for Waste Treatment | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Impacts of Waste and Waste Treatment | |
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Environmental Fate and Effects Data | |
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Environmental Fate Information - Physical Properties | |
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Environmental Fate Information - Transformation and Depletion Mechanisms | |
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Environmental Effects Information | |
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Environmental Risk Assessment | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Total Cost Assessment | |
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Background of Total Cost Assessment | |
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What is Total Cost Assessment? | |
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The relationship between Life Cycle Inventory/Assessment and Total Cost Assessment | |
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Timing of a Total Cost Assessment | |
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The Total Cost Assessment Methodology | |
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Total Cost Assessment in the Green Chemistry Context | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Emerging Materials | |
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Emerging Materials | |
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Nanomaterials | |
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Bioplastics/biopolymers | |
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About new 'green' materials | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Renewable Resources | |
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Why do we need Renewable Resources | |
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Renewable Materials | |
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The Biorefinery | |
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Renewable Energy | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Evaluating Technologies | |
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Why do we need to evaluate technologies and processes comprehensively? | |
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Comparing Technologies and Processes | |
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One way to Comparing Technologies | |
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Trade-offs | |
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Advantages and Limitations of Comparing Technologies | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Industrial Ecology | |
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Background and Definitions on Industrial Ecology | |
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Principles and Concepts of Industrial Ecology and Design | |
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Industrial Ecology and Design | |
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Industrial Ecology in Practice | |
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Problems | |
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References | |
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Tying it all together - Is Sustainability Possible? | |
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Can Green Chemistry and Engineering Enable Sustainability? | |
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Sustainability, Culture and Policy | |
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Influencing Sustainability | |
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Moving to Action | |
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Problems | |
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References | |