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| An Introduction: Basic Issues and Processes | |
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| An Overview of Psychology and Health | |
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| What is Health? | |
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| An Illness/Wellness Continuum | |
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| Illness Today and in the Past | |
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| Viewpoints from History: Physiology, Disease Processes, and the Mind | |
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| Early Cultures | |
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| Ancient Greece and Rome | |
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| The Middle Ages | |
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| The Renaissance and After | |
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| Seeing a Need: Psychology's Role in Health | |
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| Problems in the Health Care System | |
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| "The Person" in Health and Illness | |
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| Assess Yourself: What's Your Lifestyle Like? | |
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| How the Role of Psychology Emerged | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Behaviorism's Legacy: Progress In Health Psychology's Goals | |
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| Health Psychology: The Profession | |
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| Current Perspectives on Health and Illness | |
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| The Biopsychosocial Perspective | |
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| Life-Span and Gender Perspectives | |
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| Relating Health Psychology to Other Science Fields | |
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| Related Fields | |
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| Health and Psychology Across Cultures | |
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| Highlight: Related Nonpsychology Careers | |
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| Research Methods | |
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| Experiments | |
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| Correlational Studies | |
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| Quasi-Experimental Studies | |
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| Genetics Research | |
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| The Body's Physical Systems | |
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| The Nervous System | |
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| How the Nervous System Works | |
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| The Central Nervous System | |
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| The Peripheral Nervous System | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Biofeedback Treatment for Paralysis | |
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| The Endocrine System | |
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| The Endocrine and Nervous Systems Working Together | |
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| Adrenal Glands | |
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| Other Glands | |
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| The Digestive System | |
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| Food's Journey Through Digestive Organs | |
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| Highlight: Our Physiological Individuality | |
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| Using Nutrients in Metabolism | |
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| Assess Yourself: How Many Calories Do You Burn While Resting? | |
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| The Respiratory System | |
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| The Respiratory Tract | |
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| Respiratory Function and Disorders | |
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| The Cardiovascular System | |
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| The Heart and Blood Vessels | |
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| Blood Pressure | |
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| Blood Composition | |
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| Cardiovascular Disorders | |
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| The Immune System | |
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| Antigens | |
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| The Organs of the Immune System | |
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| Soldiers of the Immune System | |
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| Highlight: When Immune Functions are Absent | |
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| Defending the Body with an Immune Response | |
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| Less-Than-Optimal Defenses | |
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| Stress, Illness, and Coping | |
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| Stress-Its Meaning, Impact, and Sources | |
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| Experiencing Stress in Our Lives | |
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| What is Stress? | |
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| Appraising Events as Stressful | |
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| Dimensions of Stress | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) | |
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| Biopsychosocial Aspects of Stress | |
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| Biological Aspects of Stress | |
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| Psychosocial Aspects of Stress | |
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| Sources of Stress Throughout Life | |
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| Sources within the Person | |
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| Sources in the Family | |
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| Sources in the Community and Society | |
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| Highlight: Gender Differences in Caregiving? | |
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| Measuring Stress | |
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| Physiological Arousal | |
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| Highlight: Does Environmental Stress Affect Reactivity to New Stressors? | |
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| Life Events | |
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| Daily Hassles | |
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| Assess Yourself: Hassles in Your Life | |
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| Can Stress be Good for You? | |
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| Stress, Biopsychosocial Factors, and Illness | |
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| Psychosocial Modifiers of Stress | |
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| Social Support | |
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| Assess Yourself: How Much Emotional Support Do You Get? | |
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| A Sense of Personal Control | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Social Support, Therapy, and Cognitive Processes | |
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| A Hardy Personality | |
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| Type A and Type B Behavior Patterns | |
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| How Stress Affects Health | |
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| Stress, Behavior, and Illness | |
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| Stress, Physiology, and Illness | |
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| Highlight: Sudden "Voodoo" Death | |
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| Psychoneuroimmunology | |
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| Psychophysiological Disorders | |
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| Digestive System Diseases | |
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| Asthma | |
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| Recurrent Headache | |
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| Other Disorders | |
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| Stress and Cardiovascular Disorders | |
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| Hypertension | |
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| Coronary Heart Disease | |
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| Highlight: Does Acculturation Increase Blood Pressure? | |
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| Stress and Cancer | |
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| Coping with and Reducing Stress | |
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| Coping with Stress | |
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| What Is Coping? | |
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| Functions and Methods of Coping | |
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| Assess Yourself: Your Focuses in Coping | |
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| Reducing the Potential for Stress | |
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| Enhancing Social Support | |
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| Highlight: Does Religiousness Reduce Stress and Enhance Health? | |
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| Improving One's Personal Control | |
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| Highlight: The Amish Way of Social Support in Bereavement | |
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| Organizing One's World Better | |
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| Exercising: Links to Stress and Health | |
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| Preparing for Stressful Events | |
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| Reducing Stress Reactions: Stress Management | |
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| Medication | |
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| Behavioral and Cognitive Methods | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: The Case of "Bear" | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Treating Insomnia | |
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| Massage, Meditation, and Hypnosis | |
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| Highlight: Can Increasing Positive Emotions Enhance Health? | |
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| Using Stress Management to Reduce Coronary Risk | |
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| Modifying Type A Behavior | |
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| Treating Hypertension | |
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| Lifestyles to Enhance Health and Prevent Illness | |
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| Health-Related Behavior and Health Promotion | |
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| Health and Behavior | |
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| Lifestyles, Risk Factors, and Health | |
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| Highlight: Two Health Behaviors: Breast and Testicular Examinations | |
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| Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Preventing Illness | |
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| Problems in Promoting Wellness | |
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| What Determines People's Health-Related Behavior? | |
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| General Factors in Health-Related Behavior | |
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| The Role of Beliefs and Intentions | |
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| The Role of Less Rational Processes | |
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| Developmental, Gender, and Sociocultural Factors in Health | |
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| Development and Health | |
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| Gender and Health | |
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| Sociocultural Factors and Health | |
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| Programs for Health Promotion | |
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| Methods for Promoting Health | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Dialogues to Help People Stop Smoking | |
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| Promoting Health in the Schools | |
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| Worksite Wellness Programs | |
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| Community-Based Wellness Programs | |
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| Assess Yourself: Your Knowledge about AIDS | |
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| Prevention with Specific Targets: Focusing on AIDS | |
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| Substance Use and Abuse | |
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| Substance Abuse | |
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| Addiction and Dependence | |
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| Processes Leading to Dependence | |
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| Smoking Tobacco | |
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| Who Smokes and How Much? | |
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| Why People Smoke | |
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| Highlight: Do Curiosity and Susceptibility "Kill the Cat?" | |
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| Smoking and Health | |
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| Highlight: Does Someone Else's Smoking Affect Your Health? | |
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| Alcohol Use and Abuse | |
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| Who Drinks, and How Much? | |
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| Assess Yourself: What's True about Drinking? | |
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| Why People Use and Abuse Alcohol | |
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| Highlight: Do You Abuse Alcohol? | |
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| Drinking and Health | |
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| Highlight: Drinking-Games People Play | |
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| Drug Use and Abuse | |
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| Highlight: Types and Effects of Drugs | |
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| Who Uses Drugs, and Why? | |
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| Drug Use and Health | |
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| Reducing Substance Use and Abuse | |
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| Preventing Substance Use | |
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| Quitting a Substance without Therapy | |
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| Treatment Methods to Stop Substance Use and Abuse | |
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| Highlight: Where Should Treatment Occur, and What Should Be the Goals and Criteria for Success? | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Behavioral Methods for Treating Substance Abuse | |
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| Dealing with the Relapse Problem | |
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| Nutrition, Weight Control and Diet, Exercise, and Safety | |
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| Nutrition | |
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| Components of Food | |
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| What People Eat | |
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| Nutrition and Health | |
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| Weight Control and Diet | |
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| Desirable and Undesirable Weights | |
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| Becoming Overly Fat | |
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| Highlight: Do "Fat-Bugs" Lead to Overweight? | |
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| Highlight: Which "Carbs" to Avoid | |
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| Dieting and Treatments to Lose Weight | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Problem-Solving Training to Control Weight | |
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| Anorexia and Bulimia | |
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| Assess Yourself: Your Weight Control Patterns | |
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| Exercise | |
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| The Health Effects of Physical Activity | |
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| Highlight: Types and Amounts of Healthful Exercise | |
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| Who Gets Enough Exercise, Who Does Not-and Why? | |
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| Promoting Exercise Behavior | |
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| Safety | |
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| Accidents | |
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| Environmental Hazards | |
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| Becoming III and Getting Medical Treatment | |
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| Using Health Services | |
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| Types of Health Services | |
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| Specialized Functions of Practitioners | |
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| Office-Based and Inpatient Treatment | |
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| The American Health Care System | |
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| Health Care Systems in Other Countries | |
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| Perceiving and Interpreting Symptoms | |
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| Perceiving Symptoms | |
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| Interpreting and Responding to Symptoms | |
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| Highlight: Symptoms by Suggestion? | |
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| Using and Misusing Health Services | |
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| Who Uses Health Services? | |
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| Why People Use, Don't Use, and Delay Using Health Services | |
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| Highlight: A New Meaning for "Diehard" Sports Fan | |
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| Using Complementary and Alternative Medicine | |
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| Problematic Health Service Usage | |
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| The Patient-Practitioner Relationship | |
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| Patient Preferences for Participation in Medical Care | |
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| The Practitioner's Behavior and Style | |
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| Highlight: Fighting for Your Life | |
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| The Patient's Behavior and Style | |
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| Assess Yourself: Do You Know Medical Terms' Meanings? | |
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| Compliance: Adhering to Medical Advice | |
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| Extent of the Nonadherence Problem | |
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| Why Patients Do and Do Not Adhere to Medical Advice | |
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| Patient-Practitioner Interactions | |
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| Increasing Patient Adherence | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: How to Present Medical Information | |
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| Focusing on Prevention | |
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| In the Hospital: The Setting, Procedures, and Effects on Patients | |
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| The Hospital-Its History, Setting, and Procedures | |
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| How the Hospital Evolved | |
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| The Organization and Functioning of Hospitals | |
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| Roles, Goals, and Communication | |
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| Assess Yourself: Who's Who in Physician Care | |
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| The Impact of the "Bottom Line" | |
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| Being Hospitalized | |
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| Relations with the Hospital Staff | |
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| Sick-Role Behavior in the Hospital | |
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| Emotional Adjustment in the Hospital | |
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| Coping Processes in Hospital Patients | |
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| Preparing Patients for Stressful Medical Procedures | |
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| Highlight: Lamaze Training as a Method of Psychological Preparation for a Medical Procedure | |
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| When the Hospitalized Patient Is a Child | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Preparing Children for Impending Hospitalization | |
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| How Health Psychologists Assist Hospitalized Patients | |
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| Initial Steps in Helping | |
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| Tests for Psychological Assessment of Medical Patients | |
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| Promoting Patients' Health and Adjustment | |
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| When the Illness Is Terminal | |
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| The Patient's Age | |
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| Psychosocial Adjustments to Terminal Illness | |
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| Medical and Psychological Care of Dying Patients | |
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| Assess Yourself: Your Living Will Choices | |
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| A Place to Die-Hospital, Home, or Hospice? | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Saying Goodbye | |
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| Physical Symptoms: Pain and Discomfort | |
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| The Nature and Symptoms of Pain | |
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| What is Pain? | |
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| The Qualities and Dimensions of Pain | |
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| Perceiving Pain | |
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| Highlight: Acute Pain in Burn Patients | |
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| Theories of Pain | |
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| Early Theories of Pain | |
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| Highlight: Inducing Pain in Laboratory Research | |
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| The Gate-Control Theory of Pain | |
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| Biopsychosocial Aspects of Pain | |
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| Neurochemical Transmission and Inhibition of Pain | |
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| Personal and Social Experiences and Pain | |
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| Highlight: Placebos and Pain | |
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| Emotions, Coping Processes, and Pain | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Assessing Difficulty Coping with Pain | |
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| Assessing People's Pain | |
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| Self-Report Methods | |
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| Behavioral Assessment Approaches | |
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| Assess Yourself: Describing Your Pain | |
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| Psychophysiological Measures | |
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| Pain in Children | |
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| Pain and Children's Sensory and Cognitive Development | |
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| Assessing Pain in Children | |
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| Managing and Controlling Clinical Pain | |
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| Clinical Pain | |
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| Acute Clinical Pain | |
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| Chronic Clinical Pain | |
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| Medical Treatments for Pain | |
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| Surgical Methods for Treating Pain | |
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| Chemical Methods for Treating Pain | |
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| Highlight: Types of Pain-Relieving Chemicals | |
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| Behavioral and Cognitive Methods for Treating Pain | |
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| The Operant Approach | |
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| Relaxation and Biofeedback | |
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| Cognitive Methods | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Guiding a Client to Pain Redefinition | |
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| Hypnosis and Interpersonal Therapy | |
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| Hypnosis as a Treatment for Pain | |
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| Assess Yourself: Would Behavioral or Cognitive Methods Help Your Pain? | |
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| Interpersonal Therapy for Pain | |
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| Physical and Stimulation Therapies for Pain | |
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| Stimulation Therapies | |
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| Physical Therapy | |
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| Highlight: Physical Activity and Back Pain | |
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| Pain Clinics | |
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| Multidisciplinary Programs | |
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| Evaluating the Success of Pain Clinics | |
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| Chronic and Life-Threatening Health Problems | |
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| Serious and Disabling Chronic Illnesses: Causes, Management, and Coping | |
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| Adjusting to a Chronic Illness | |
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| Initial Reactions to Heaving a Chronic Condition | |
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| Influences on Coping with a Health Crisis | |
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| The Coping Process | |
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| Impacts of Different Chronic Conditions | |
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| Asthma | |
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| Epilepsy | |
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| Highlight: What to Do for a Seizure | |
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| Nervous System Injuries | |
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| Diabetes | |
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| Assess Yourself: Do You Have Diabetes? | |
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| Highlight: Self-Managing Diabetes | |
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| Arthritis | |
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| Alzheimer's Disease | |
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| Psychosocial Interventions for People with Chronic Conditions | |
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| Educational, Social Support, and Behavioral Methods | |
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| Relaxation and Biofeedback | |
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| Cognitive Methods | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Treating Asthma with Biofeedback and Relaxation | |
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| Interpersonal and Family Therapy | |
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| Heart Disease, Stroke, Cancer, and AIDS: Causes, Management, and Coping | |
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| Coping with and Adapting to High-Mortality Illness | |
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| Adapting while the Prospects Seem Good | |
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| Adapting in a Recurrence or Relapse | |
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| Heart Disease | |
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| Who is at Risk of Heart Disease, and Why? | |
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| Highlight: Anatomy of a Heart Attack | |
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| Assess Yourself: Are You at Risk for Heart Disease? | |
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| Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation of Cardiac Patients | |
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| The Psychosocial Impact of Heart Disease | |
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| Psychosocial Interventions for Heart Disease | |
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| Stroke | |
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| Causes, Effects, and Rehabilitation of Stroke | |
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| Psychosocial Aspects of Stroke | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Stroke Rehabilitation for Visual Neglect | |
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| Cancer | |
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| The Prevalence and Types of Cancer | |
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| The Sites, Effects, and Causes of Cancer | |
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| Diagnosing and Treating Cancer | |
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| The Psychosocial Impact of Cancer | |
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| Psychosocial Interventions for Cancer | |
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| Childhood Cancer | |
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| Highlight: Can Psychosocial Interventions Improve Cancer Survival? | |
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| AIDS | |
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| Risk Factors, Effects, and Treatment of AIDS | |
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| The Psychosocial Impact of AIDS | |
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| Psychosocial Interventions for AIDS | |
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| The Survivors: And Life Goes On | |
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| Physical and Psychosocial Impact | |
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| Psychosocial Interventions for Bereavement | |
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| Reaching a Positive Adaptation | |
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| Looking to the Future | |
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| What's Ahead for Health Psychology? | |
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| Goals for Health Psychology | |
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| Enhancing Illness Prevention and Treatment | |
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| Improving Efforts for Helping Patients Cope | |
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| Documenting the Efficacy and Cost-Benefit Ratio of Care | |
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| Enhancing Psychologists' Acceptance in Medical Settings | |
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| Careers and Training in Health Psychology | |
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| Career Opportunities | |
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| Clinical Methods and Issues: Psychologists in the Primary Care Team | |
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| Training Programs | |
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| Issues and Controversies for The Future | |
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| Environment, Health, and Psychology | |
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| Quality of Life | |
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| Ethical Decisions in Medical Care | |
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| Future Focuses in Health Psychology | |
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| Life-Span Health and Illness | |
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| Assess Yourself: Some Ethical Dilemmas: What Do You Think? | |
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| Sociocultural Factors in Health | |
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| Gender Differences and Women's Health Issues | |
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| Factors Affecting Health Psychology's Future | |
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| Glossary | |
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| References | |
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| Credit | |
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| Author Index | |
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| Subject Index | |