| |
| |
| |
Technical background | |
| |
| |
| |
The source of the EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
The generator of the EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Rhythmical EEG activity | |
| |
| |
| |
Recording of electrical potentials with scalp electrodes | |
| |
| |
| |
Recording electrodes | |
| |
| |
| |
Electrode shapes and application methods | |
| |
| |
| |
Electrical properties of recording electrodes | |
| |
| |
| |
Electrode placement | |
| |
| |
| |
Recording non-cerebral potentials | |
| |
| |
| |
Digital and analog EEG instruments: parts and functions | |
| |
| |
Introduction | |
| |
| |
| |
The electrode panel | |
| |
| |
| |
Analog EEG instrument input selector switches | |
| |
| |
| |
Analog and digital calibration | |
| |
| |
| |
Amplifiers | |
| |
| |
| |
Filters | |
| |
| |
| |
Analog writing units | |
| |
| |
| |
Analog to digital conversion | |
| |
| |
| |
The signal display | |
| |
| |
| |
Digital filtering | |
| |
| |
| |
Digital montage selection and montage reformatting | |
| |
| |
| |
Digital data storage and transmission | |
| |
| |
| |
Electrical safety | |
| |
| |
| |
Spatial analysis of the EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Multichannel recordings | |
| |
| |
| |
Bipolar montages | |
| |
| |
| |
Common electrode reference montages | |
| |
| |
| |
Average reference montages | |
| |
| |
| |
Weighted average montages | |
| |
| |
| |
Laplacian montages | |
| |
| |
| |
Source localization | |
| |
| |
| |
Montage display and design | |
| |
| |
| |
Analysis of the topography of the EEG voltage field | |
| |
| |
| |
Summary | |
| |
| |
| |
The product of the recording: the clinical EEG record | |
| |
| |
| |
General technical standards | |
| |
| |
| |
Standards for pediatric recordings | |
| |
| |
| |
Standards for recordings in cases of suspected cerebral death | |
| |
| |
| |
Telephone transmission | |
| |
| |
| |
Artifacts | |
| |
| |
| |
Artifacts from the patient | |
| |
| |
| |
Interference | |
| |
| |
| |
Artifacts arising from recording electrodes and equipment | |
| |
| |
| |
Special methods of analysis and recording | |
| |
| |
| |
Quantitative EEG analysis | |
| |
| |
| |
Topographic mapping | |
| |
| |
| |
Automated event detection | |
| |
| |
| |
Intraoperative and intensive care unit monitoring | |
| |
| |
| |
Ambulatory EEG recording | |
| |
| |
| |
EEG recording with simultaneous video monitoring | |
| |
| |
| |
The normal EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition of the normal EEG, relation to brain function | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition of the normal EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
A normal EEG does not always mean normal brain function | |
| |
| |
| |
An abnormal EEG does not necessarily mean clinically abnormal brain function | |
| |
| |
| |
Descriptors of EEG activity | |
| |
| |
| |
Waveform | |
| |
| |
| |
Repetition | |
| |
| |
| |
Frequency | |
| |
| |
| |
Amplitude | |
| |
| |
| |
Distribution | |
| |
| |
| |
Phase relation | |
| |
| |
| |
Timing | |
| |
| |
| |
Persistence | |
| |
| |
| |
Reactivity | |
| |
| |
| |
The normal EEG from premature age to the age of 19 years | |
| |
| |
| |
Neonatal EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Infants from full term to 3 months of age | |
| |
| |
| |
Infants from 3 months to 12 months of age | |
| |
| |
| |
Children and adolescents from 1 to 19 years of age | |
| |
| |
| |
The normal EEG of wakeful resting adults of 20-60 years of age | |
| |
| |
| |
The alpha rhythm | |
| |
| |
| |
Beta rhythms | |
| |
| |
| |
Mu rhythm | |
| |
| |
| |
Lambda waves | |
| |
| |
| |
Vertex sharp transients (V waves) | |
| |
| |
| |
Kappa rhythm | |
| |
| |
| |
Normal posterior theta rhythms | |
| |
| |
| |
The low voltage EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Major abnormalities | |
| |
| |
| |
The normal sleep EEG of adults over 20 years | |
| |
| |
| |
Elements of normal sleep activity | |
| |
| |
| |
Sleep stages | |
| |
| |
| |
Sleep cycles | |
| |
| |
| |
Deviations from normal sleep | |
| |
| |
| |
The normal EEG of adults over 60 years of age | |
| |
| |
| |
Alpha rhythm | |
| |
| |
| |
Beta rhythm | |
| |
| |
| |
Sporadic generalized slow waves | |
| |
| |
| |
Intermittent temporal slow waves | |
| |
| |
| |
Sleep | |
| |
| |
| |
Major abnormalities | |
| |
| |
| |
Activation procedures | |
| |
| |
| |
Hyperventilation | |
| |
| |
| |
Sleep | |
| |
| |
| |
Photic stimulation | |
| |
| |
| |
Other stimuli | |
| |
| |
| |
Pentylenetetrazol, bemegride and other convulsant drugs | |
| |
| |
| |
The abnormal EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Abnormal EEG patterns, correlation with underlying cerebral lesions and neurological diseases | |
| |
| |
| |
Definition of the abnormal EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Correlation between abnormal EEG patterns, general cerebral pathology and specific neurological diseases | |
| |
| |
| |
The diagnostic value of the EEG | |
| |
| |
| |
Classification of seizures | |
| |
| |
| |
Definitions | |
| |
| |
| |
Classification of seizures - general | |
| |
| |
| |
Classification of seizures - specific | |
| |
| |
| |
Seizure classification and epilepsy syndrome diagnosis | |
| |
| |
| |
Localized epileptiform patterns | |
| |
| |
| |
Description of patterns | |
| |
| |
| |
Clinical significance of focal epileptiform activity | |
| |
| |
| |
Other EEG abnormaliti | |