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| Reading the World | |
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| Education | |
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| *Greek Schoolchildren (460 BCE) | |
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| "Encouraging Learning" (circa 250 BCE) | |
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| "On Liberal and Vocational Studies" (ca. 55 CE) | |
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| "Manners to Be Observed by Teachers and Students" (1096) | |
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| Page from the New England Primer (1777) | |
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| "National Education" (1791) | |
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| "Learning to Read and Write" (1845) | |
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| "Knowledge Its Own End" (1852) | |
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| "The Banking Concept of Education" (1970, revised 1993) | |
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| "O Americano, Outra Vez" (1985) | |
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| "Education: A Lifelong Process" (1989) | |
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| Human Nature | |
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| Shrine of the Dead Man (14,000 BCE) | |
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| "The Speech of Aristophanes" (385 BCE) | |
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| "Man's Nature is Good" (circa 300 BCE) | |
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| "Man's Nature Is Evil" (circa 300 BCE) | |
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| "The Precious Garland" (circa 200 BCE) | |
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| Vitruvian Man (1487) | |
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| from Leviathan (1651) | |
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| Igbo Mother and Child (19th-20th century) | |
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| "The Individual and the Pattern of Culture" (1934) | |
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| *"The Fitness of Human Nature" (1988) | |
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| Law and Government | |
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| The Papyrus of Ani (1240 BCE) | |
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| from the Tao te Ching (400 BCE) | |
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| "On the Perfect State" (circa 900) | |
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| from The Treasure of the City of Ladies (1405) | |
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| from The Prince (1513) | |
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| "A Letter to Queen Victoria" (1839) | |
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| Triumph of the Will (1935) | |
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| "Letter from Birmingham Jail" (1963) | |
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| "In Quest of Democracy" (1990) | |
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| "Nuremberg or National Amnesia: A Third Way" (1997) | |
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| War and Peace | |
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| from The Art of War (400-320 BCE) | |
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| "Against Offensive Warfare" (circa 425 BCE) | |
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| from Summa Theologica (1265-74) | |
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| *Progress of an Aztec Warrior (1541) | |
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| Liberty Leading the People (1830) | |
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| Guernica (1937) | |
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| "Warfare: An Invention-Not a Biological Necessity" (1940) | |
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| "Pacifism and the War" (1942) | |
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| "The Unsurrendered People" (1965) | |
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| "What Is a Just War?" (2003) | |
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| Wealth, Poverty, and Social Class | |
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| "Against Music" (circa 425 BCE) | |
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| New Testament: Luke, Chapter 16 (circa 90 CE) | |
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| Gin Lane (1751) | |
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| from Essay on the Principle of Population (1798) | |
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| "Economic and Moral Progress" (1916) | |
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| "Migrant Mother" (1936) | |
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| "The Day of the Dead" (1961) | |
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| "Africans Are Not Poor" (1965) | |
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| "Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor" (1974) | |
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| "The Stool Makers of Jobra Village" (1999) | |
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| "A More Perfect Union" (2008) | |
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| Science and Nature | |
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| Cosmological Chart of Ptolemy's Universe (circa 150 BCE) | |
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| *Beatus Map (776 CE) | |
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| from On the Harmony of Religions and Philosophy (1190 CE)Averro�s | |
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| "The Guide for the Perplexed" (circa 1200) | |
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| Joseph Wright of Derby: An Experiment on a Bird in the Air Pump (1768) | |
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| "Natural Selection" (1859) | |
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| "The Obligation to Endure" (1962) | |
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| "The Sacred Balance" (1997) | |
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| "The Universe in a Grain of Sand" (2001) | |
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| "The Climate Emergency" (2004) | |
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| *The Galaxy Cluster Abell 2667 (2007) | |
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| Language and Rhetoric | |
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| "Pericles' Funeral Oration" (circa 387 BCE) | |
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| from Gorgias (380 BCE) | |
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| from Rhetoric (350 BCE) | |
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| "The Present State of Rhetorical Theory" (1900) | |
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| Freedom of Speech (1943) | |
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| "Language and the Destiny of Man" (1972) | |
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| Ad for Chinese Population Policy (1980) | |
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| "The Power and Beauty of Language" (1987) | |
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| "How to Tame a Wild Tongue" (1987) | |
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| "Nobel Lecture" (1993) | |
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| A Guide to Reading and Writing | |
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| Reading Ideas | |
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| Prereading | |
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| Annotating | |
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| Identifying Patterns | |
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| Reading Visual Texts | |
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| Summarizing | |
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| Reading with a Critical Eye | |
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| Generating Ideas | |
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| Considering Expectations | |
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| Exploring Your Topic | |
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| Achieving Subtlety | |
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| Structuring Ideas | |
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| Thesis Statements | |
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| Introductions | |
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| Transitions | |
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| Conclusions | |
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| Supporting Ideas | |
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| Supporting Claims | |
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| Logos: Appealing to Reason | |
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| Pathos: Emotional Appeals | |
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| The Writer's Ethos | |
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| Synthesizing Ideas | |
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| Summarizing Multiple Sources | |
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| Comparing and Contrasting | |
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| Finding Themes and Patterns | |
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| Synthesizing Ideas to Form Your Own Argument | |
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| Incorporating Ideas | |
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| Finding Sources | |
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| Finding and Evaluating Sources | |
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| Quoting, Summarizing, and Paraphrasing | |
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| Giving Credit through Proper Attribution | |
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| Revising and Editing | |
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| Rethinking | |
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| Rewriting | |
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| Editing | |