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| Introduction to Anesthesia | |
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| History of anesthesia | |
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| The Veterinary Technician's Role in the Practice of Anesthesia | |
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| Patient Preparation | |
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| Communication-A Key to Success | |
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| The Minimum Patient Database | |
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| Patient History | |
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| Physical Examination and Physical Assessment | |
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| Preanesthetic Diagnostic Workup | |
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| Determination of the Physical Status Classification | |
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| Selection of the Anesthetic Protocol | |
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| Preinduction Patient Care | |
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| Withholding Food before Anesthesia | |
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| Patient Stabilization | |
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| Intravenous Catheterization | |
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| Reasons for Intravenous Catheterization | |
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| Choosing and Placing an Intravenous Catheter | |
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| Fluid administration | |
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| Composition of Body Fluids | |
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| Fluid Homeostasis | |
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| Fluid Needs | |
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| Classification of IV Fluids | |
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| IV Fluid Selection and Administration Rates | |
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| Adverse Effects of Fluid Administration | |
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| Calculating Fluid Administration Rates | |
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| Other Preanesthetic Care | |
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| Anesthetic Agents and Adjuncts | |
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| Introduction to Anesthetic Agents and Adjuncts | |
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| Agonists, Partial Agonists, Mixed Agonist-Antagonists, and Antagonists | |
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| Analgesic Effects of Anesthetics and Adjuncts | |
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| Using drugs in combination | |
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| Regulatory Considerations for Controlled Substances | |
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| Preanesthetic Medications | |
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| Reasons for the use of preanesthetic medications | |
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| Anticholinergics | |
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| Tranquilizers and Sedatives | |
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| Opioids | |
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| Neuroleptanalgesia | |
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| Opioid Antagonists | |
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| Injectable Anesthetics | |
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| Barbiturates | |
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| Propofol | |
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| Dissociative anesthetics | |
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| Etomidate | |
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| Guaifenesin. | |
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| Inhalation Anesthetics | |
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| Classes of Inhalation Agents | |
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| CNS and Respiratory Stimulants | |
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| Doxapram | |
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| Anesthetic Equipment | |
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| Endotracheal Tubes and Associated Equipment | |
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| Endotracheal tube parts | |
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| Laryngoscopes | |
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| Masks | |
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| Anesthetic Chambers | |
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| Anesthetic Machines | |
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| Components of the Anesthetic Machine | |
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| Rebreathing Systems | |
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| Non-rebreathing Systems | |
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| Operation of the Anesthetic Machine | |
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| Care and Maintenance of Anesthetic Equipment | |
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| Anesthetic Monitoring | |
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| Introduction to Monitoring | |
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| Stages and Planes of Anesthesia | |
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| Overview of Anesthetic Stages and Planes | |
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| Finding the Optimum Depth | |
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| Determining whether or not the Patient is Safe | |
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| Indicators of Circulation | |
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| Heart rate | |
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| Heart rhythm | |
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| Capillary refill time | |
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| Blood Pressure | |
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| Pulse strength | |
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| Indicators of Oxygenation | |
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| Mucous membrane color | |
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| Physiology of Oxygen transport | |
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| Pulse Oximeter | |
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| Blood Gas Analysis | |
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| Indicators of Ventilation | |
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| Respiratory rate | |
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| Tidal volume | |
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| Respiratory Character | |
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| Apnea monitor | |
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| Capnograph (End-tidal CO<sub>2</sub> monitor) | |
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| Blood gas analysis | |
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| Indicators of Body Temperature | |
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| Assessment of Anesthetic Depth | |
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| Reflexes and Other Indicators of Anesthetic Depth | |
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| Judging Anesthetic Depth | |
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| Recording Information during Anesthesia | |
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| Special Techniques | |
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| Local anesthesia | |
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| Local anesthetic agents | |
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| Characteristics of local anesthetics | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Route of Administration of Local Anesthetics | |
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| Toxicity of Local Anesthetics | |
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| Assisted and controlled ventilation | |
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| Ventilation in the Awake Animal | |
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| Ventilation in the Anesthetized Animal | |
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| Types of Controlled Ventilation | |
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| Risks of Controlled Ventilation | |
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| Neuromuscular blocking agents | |
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| Analgesia | |
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| Physiology of pain | |
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| Consequences of untreated pain | |
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| Signs of pain in animals | |
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| Pain assessment tools | |
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| Assessing response to therapy | |
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| Perioperative pain management | |
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| Pharmacologic analgesic therapy | |
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| Opioid Agents | |
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| Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs | |
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| Other Analgesic Agents | |
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| Multimodal Therapy | |
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| Home Analgesia | |
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| Nursing care | |
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| Non-pharmacologic therapies | |
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| Canine and Feline Anesthesia | |
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| Patient Preparation | |
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| Selecting a Protocol | |
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| Summary of a General Anesthetic Procedure | |
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| Anesthetic induction with an IM agent or combination | |
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| Anesthetic induction with an IV injection of an ultra-short acting agent to effect | |
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| Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) by IV boluses of an ultra-short acting agent | |
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| Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) by constant rate infusion (CRI) | |
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| Induction and maintenance with an inhalant agent | |
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| IV induction and maintenance with an inhalant agent | |
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| Equipment Preparation | |
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| Premedication or Sedation | |
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| Anesthetic Induction | |
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| IV Induction | |
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| Inhalation Agents | |
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| Mask Induction | |
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| Chamber Induction | |
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| IM Induction | |
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| Oral administration | |
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| Endotracheal Intubation | |
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| Equipment for Endotracheal Intubation | |
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| Selecting an Endotracheal Tube | |
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| Preparing the Tube | |
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| Intubation Procedure | |
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| Checking for Proper Placement | |
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| Securing the Tube | |
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| Cuff inflation | |
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| Laryngospasm | |
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| Complications of Intubation | |
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| Maintenance of Anesthesia | |
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| Maintenance with an Inhalant Agent | |
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| Maintenance with repeat boluses of propofol or other ultrashort-acting agent | |
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| Maintenance with a CRI | |
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| Maintenance with injectable and inhalant agents | |
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| Maintenance with an IM injection | |
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| Patient Positioning, Comfort and Safety | |
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| Anesthetic Recovery | |
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| Anesthetist's Role in the Recovery Period | |
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| Signs of Recovery | |
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| Monitoring | |
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| Oxygen Therapy | |
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| Extubation | |
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| The Postanesthetic Period | |
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| Equine Anesthesia | |
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| Patient Preparation | |
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| Selecting a Protocol | |
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| Summary of a General Anesthetic Procedure | |
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| Equipment Preparation | |
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| Premedication or Sedation | |
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| Standing chemical restraint | |
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| Anesthetic Induction | |
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| IV Induction | |
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| Inhalation Induction via Nasotracheal Tube | |
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| Endotracheal Intubation | |
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| Equipment for Endotracheal Intubation | |
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| Selecting an Endotracheal Tube | |
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| Preparing the Tube | |
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| Intubation Procedure | |
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| Complications of Intubation | |
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| Maintenance of Anesthesia | |
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| Maintenance with an Inhalant Agent | |
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| Maintenance with intravenous agents, or TIVA | |
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| Maintenance with injectable and inhalant agents | |
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| Patient Positioning, Comfort and Safety | |
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| Anesthetic Recovery | |
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| Preparation for recovery | |
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| Monitoring during recovery | |
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| Signs of recovery | |
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| Extubation | |
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| Standing after regaining consciousness | |
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| The Postanesthetic Period | |
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| Food Animal Anesthesia | |
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| Ruminants | |
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| Patient preparation | |
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| Selecting a Protocol | |
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| Summary of a General Anesthetic Procedure | |
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| Equipment Preparation | |
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| Premedication or Sedation | |
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| Anesthetic Induction | |
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| Endotracheal Intubation | |
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| Maintenance of Anesthesia | |
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| Patient Positioning, Comfort and Safety | |
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| Anesthetic Recovery | |
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| The Post-anesthetic Period | |
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| Swine | |
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| Physical examination | |
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| Sedation | |
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| Anesthetic Induction | |
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| Maintenance of Anesthesia | |
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| Recovery | |
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| Anesthesia of Rodents and Rabbits | |
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| Patient evaluation | |
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| Handling and restraint | |
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| Physical examination | |
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| Diagnostic tests | |
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| Preanesthetic patient care | |
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| Withholding food | |
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| Correction of preexisting problems | |
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| Preanesthetic agents | |
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| Anticholinergics | |
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| Phenothiazines | |
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| Benzodiazepines | |
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| Alpha<sub>2</sub> adrenergic agonists | |
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| Opioids | |
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| General anesthesia | |
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| Induction techniques and agents | |
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| Intubation and maintenance of anesthesia | |
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| Postoperative care | |
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| Anesthetic emergencies | |
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| Respiratory depression | |
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| Circulatory failure | |
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| Postoperative Analgesia | |
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| Pain assessment | |
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| Analgesic agents | |
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| Chronic pain | |
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| Administration of analgesics | |
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| Anesthetic Problems and Emergencies | |
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| Reasons That Anesthetic Problems and Emergencies Arise | |
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| Human Errors That May Lead to Anesthetic Problems and Emergencies | |
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| Equipment Issues That May Lead to Anesthetic Problems and Emergencies | |
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| Adverse Effects of Anesthetic Agents | |
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| Patient Factors that may lead to Anesthetic Problems and Emergencies | |
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| Response to Anesthetic Problems and Emergencies | |
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| Role of the Veterinary Technician in Emergency Care | |
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| General Approach to Emergencies | |
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| Emergency Situations That May Arise During Anesthesia | |
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| Problems That May Arise in the Recovery Period | |
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| Workplace Safety | |
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| Hazards of Waste Anesthetic Gas | |
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| Short-Term Effects | |
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| Long-Term Effects | |
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| Assessment of Risk | |
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| Reducing Exposure to Waste Anesthetic Gas | |
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| Anesthetic techniques and procedures | |
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| Monitoring Waste Gas Levels | |
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| Safe Handling of Compressed Gases | |
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| Fire Safety Precautions | |
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| Use and Storage of Compressed Gas Cylinders | |
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| Accidental Exposure to Injectable Agents | |
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| Glossary | |