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| General Principles | |
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| Information, Sources, and Regulatory Agencies | |
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| History | |
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| Pharmacology and the Oral Health Care Providers | |
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| Sources of Information | |
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| Explain-Discuss Format | |
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| Reference-List Format | |
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| Types of Media | |
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| Drug Names | |
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| Drug Substitution | |
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| Top 200 Drugs | |
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| Federal Regulatory Agencies | |
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| Harrison Narcotic Act | |
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| Food and Drug Administration | |
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| Federal Trade Commission | |
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| Drug Enforcement Administration | |
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| Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act | |
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| Drug Action and Handling | |
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| Characterization of Drug Action | |
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| Log Dose Effect Curve | |
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| Potency | |
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| Efficacy | |
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| Chemical Signaling between Cells | |
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| Mechanism of Action of Drugs | |
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| Nerve Transmission | |
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| Receptors | |
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| Stereoisomerism | |
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| Routes of Administration and Dose Forms | |
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| Routes of Administration | |
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| Dose Forms | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Passage across Body Membranes | |
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| Absorption | |
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| Distribution | |
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| Half-Life | |
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| Blood-Brain Barrier | |
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| Redistribution | |
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| Metabolism (Biotransformation) | |
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| Factors that Alter Drug Effects | |
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| Calculation of Children's Dose | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Definitions and Classifications | |
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| Clinical Manifestations of Adverse Reactions | |
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| Exaggerated Effect on Target Tissues | |
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| Effect on Nontarget Tissues | |
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| Effect on Fetal Development (Teratogenic Effect) | |
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| Local Effect | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Hypersensitivity (Allergic Reaction) | |
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| Idiosyncrasy | |
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| Interference with Natural Defense Mechanisms | |
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| Toxicologic Evaluation of Drugs | |
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| Prescription Writing | |
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| Measurement | |
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| Metric System | |
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| Household Measures | |
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| Prescriptions | |
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| Format | |
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| Explanations Accompanying Prescriptions | |
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| Drug Legislation | |
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| Scheduled Drugs | |
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| Drugs Used in Dentistry | |
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| Autonomic Drugs | |
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| Autonomic Nervous System | |
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| Anatomy | |
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| Parasympathetic Autonomic Nervous System | |
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| Sympathetic Autonomic Nervous System | |
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| Functional Organization | |
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| Neurotransmitters | |
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| Drug Groups | |
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| Parasympathetic Autonomic Nervous System | |
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| Cholinergic (Parasympathomimetic) agents | |
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| Anticholinergic (Parasympatholytic) agents | |
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| Nicotinic Agonists and Antagonists | |
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| Sympathetic Nervous System | |
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| Sympathetic Nervous System Receptors | |
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| Adrenergic (Sympathomimetic) Agents | |
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| Adrenergic Blocking Agents | |
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| Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs | |
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| Nonopioid (Nonnarcotic) Analgesics | |
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| Pain | |
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| Classification | |
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| Salicylates | |
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| Acetylsalicylic Acid | |
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| Other Salicylates | |
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| Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs | |
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| Chemical Classification | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Contraindications and Cautions | |
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| Therapeutic Uses | |
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| Specific Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs | |
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| Acetaminophen | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Effects | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Dose and Preparations | |
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| Drugs Used to Treat Gout | |
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| Colchicine | |
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| Allopurinol | |
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| Probenecid | |
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| Opioid (Narcotic) Analgesics and Antagonists | |
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| History | |
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| Terminology | |
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| Classification | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Analgesia | |
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| Sedation and Euphoria | |
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| Cough Suppression | |
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| Gastrointestinal Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Respiratory Depression | |
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| Nausea and Emesis | |
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| Constipation | |
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| Myosis | |
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| Urinary Retention | |
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| Central Nervous System Effects | |
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| Cardiovascular Effects | |
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| Biliary Tract Constriction | |
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| Histamine Release | |
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| Pregnancy and Nursing | |
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| Addiction | |
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| Treatment | |
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| Allergic Reactions | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Specific Opioids | |
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| Opioid Agonists | |
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| Mixed Opioids | |
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| Tramadol | |
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| Dental Use of Opioids | |
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| Antiinfective Agents | |
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| Dental Infection "Evolution" | |
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| History | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Culture and Sensitivity | |
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| Culture | |
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| Sensitivity | |
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| Indications for Antimicrobial Agents | |
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| Therapeutic Indications | |
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| Prophylactic Indications | |
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| General Adverse Reactions Associated with Antiinfective Agents | |
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| Superinfection (Suprainfection) | |
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| Allergic Reactions | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Gastrointestinal Complaints | |
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| Pregnancy | |
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| Dose Forms | |
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| Cost | |
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| Penicillins | |
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| Source and Chemistry | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Spectrum | |
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| Resistance | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Allergy and Hypersensitivity | |
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| Uses | |
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| Specific Penicillins | |
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| Macrolides | |
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| Erythromycin | |
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| Azithromycin and Clarithromycin | |
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| Tetracyclines | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Spectrum | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Clindamycin | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Spectrum | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Metronidazole | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Spectrum | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Cephalosporins | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Spectrum | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Rational Use of Antiinfective Agents in Dentistry | |
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| Antimicrobial Agents for Nondental Use | |
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| Vancomycin | |
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| Aminoglycosides | |
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| Chloramphenicol | |
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| Sulfonamides | |
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| Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim | |
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| Nitrofurantoin | |
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| Quinolones (Fluoroquinolones) | |
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| Antituberculosis Agents | |
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| Isoniazid | |
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| Rifampin | |
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| Pyrazinamide | |
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| Ethambutol | |
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| Topical Antibiotics | |
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| Neomycin, Polymyxin, and Bacitracin | |
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| Mupirocin | |
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| Antibiotic Prophylaxis Used in Dentistry | |
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| Prevention of Infective Endocarditis | |
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| Prosthetic Joint Prophylaxis | |
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| Noncardiac Medical Conditions | |
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| Antifungal and Antiviral Agents | |
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| Antifungal Agents | |
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| Nystatin | |
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| Imidazoles | |
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| Other Antifungal Agents | |
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| Antiviral Agents | |
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| Herpes Simplex | |
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| Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome | |
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| Local Anesthetics | |
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| History | |
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| Ideal Local Anesthetic | |
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| Chemistry | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Action on Nerve Fibers | |
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| Ionization Factors | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Absorption | |
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| Distribution | |
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| Metabolism | |
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| Excretion | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Peripheral Nerve Conduction (Blocker) | |
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| Antiarrhythmic | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Composition of Local Anesthetic Solutions | |
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| Local Anesthetic Agents | |
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| Amides | |
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| Esters | |
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| Other Local Anesthetics | |
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| Vasoconstrictors | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Choice of Local Anesthetic | |
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| Topical Anesthetics | |
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| Amides | |
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| Esters | |
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| Precautions in Topical Anesthesia | |
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| Doses of Local Anesthetic and Vasoconstrictor | |
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| Antianxiety Agents | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Benzodiazepines | |
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| Chemistry | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Abuse and Tolerance | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Management of the Dental Patient Taking Benzodiazepines | |
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| Barbiturates | |
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| Chemistry | |
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| Pharmacokinetics | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Chronic Long-Term Use | |
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| Contraindications | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Nonbenzodiazepine-nonbarbiturate sedative-hypnotics | |
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| Chloral Hydrate | |
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| Buspirone | |
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| Meprobamate | |
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| Nonbenzodiazepine Benzodiazepine Receptor Agonists | |
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| Zolpidem | |
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| Zaleplon | |
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| Eszopiclone | |
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| Melatonin Receptor Agonist | |
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| Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Individual Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants | |
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| Miscellaneous Agents | |
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| Baclofen | |
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| Tizanidine | |
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| Dantrolene | |
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| General Comments about Antianxiety Agents | |
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| Analgesic-Sedative Combinations | |
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| Special Considerations | |
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| Cautions | |
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| General Anesthetics | |
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| History | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Stages and Planes of Anesthesia | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| General Anesthetics | |
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| Classification of Anesthetic Agents | |
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| Nitrous Oxide | |
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| Halogenated Hydrocarbons | |
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| Other General Anesthetics | |
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| Balanced General Anesthesia | |
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| Vitamins and Minerals | |
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| Measurements of Vitamin Needs | |
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| Recommended Dietary Allowance | |
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| Fallacious Reasoning about Vitamins | |
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| Water-Soluble Vitamins | |
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| Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) | |
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| B-Complex Vitamins | |
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| Fat-Soluble Vitamins | |
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| Vitamin A | |
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| Vitamin D | |
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| Vitamin E | |
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| Vitamin K | |
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| Selected Minerals | |
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| Iron | |
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| Zinc | |
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| Calcium | |
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| Drug-Induced Vitamin Deficiencies | |
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| Oral Conditions and Their Treatment | |
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| Infectious Lesions | |
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| Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis | |
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| Herpes Infections | |
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| Candidiasis (Moniliasis) | |
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| Angular Cheilitis/Cheilosis | |
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| Alveolar Osteitis | |
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| Immune Reactions | |
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| Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis | |
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| Lichen Planus | |
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| Miscellaneous Oral Conditions | |
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| Geographic Tongue | |
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| Burning Mouth or Tongue Syndrome | |
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| Inflammation | |
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| Pericoronitis | |
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| Postirradiation Caries | |
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| Root Sensitivity | |
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| Actinic Lip Changes | |
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| Drug-Induced Oral Side Effects | |
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| Xerostomia | |
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| Sialorrhea | |
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| Hypersensitivity-Type Reactions | |
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| Oral Lesions that Resemble Autoimmune-Type Reactions | |
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| Stains | |
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| Gingival Enlargement | |
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| Common Agents Used to Treat Oral Lesions | |
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| Corticosteroids | |
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| Palliative Treatment | |
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| Drugs That May Alter Dental Treatment | |
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| Cardiovascular Drugs | |
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| Dental Implications of Cardiovascular Disease | |
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| Contraindications to Treatment | |
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| Vasoconstrictor Limit | |
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| Infective Endocarditis | |
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| Cardiac Pacemakers | |
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| Periodontal Disease and Cardiovascular Disease | |
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| Cardiac Glycosides | |
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| Congestive Heart Failure | |
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| Digitalis Glycosides | |
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| Antiarrhythmic Agents | |
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| Automaticity | |
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| Action Potential | |
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| Arrhythmias | |
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| Antiarrhythmic agents | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Dental Implications | |
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| Antianginal Drugs | |
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| Angina Pectoris | |
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| Nitroglycerin-like Compounds | |
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| Calcium Channel Blocking Agents | |
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| [Beta]-Adrenergic Blocking Agents | |
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| Ranolazine | |
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| Dental Implications | |
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| Antihypertensive Agents | |
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| Patient Evaluation | |
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| Treatment of Hypertension | |
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| Diuretic Agents | |
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| [Beta]-Adrenergic Blocking Agents | |
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| Calcium Channel Blocking Agents | |
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| Angiotensin-Related Agents | |
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| [alpha subscript 1]-Adrenergic Blocking Agents | |
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| Other Antihypertensive Agents | |
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| Management of the Dental Patient Taking Antihypertensive Agents | |
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| Antihyperlipidemic Agents | |
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| 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Inhibitors | |
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| Niacin | |
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| Cholestyramine | |
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| Gemfibrozil | |
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| Dental Implications | |
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| Drugs that Affect Blood Coagulation | |
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| Anticoagulants | |
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| Drugs that Increase Blood Clotting | |
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| Anticonvulsants | |
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| Epilepsy | |
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| Generalized Seizures | |
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| Partial (Focal) Epilepsies | |
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| Drug Therapy of Patients with Epilepsy | |
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| General Adverse Reactions to Anticonvulsant Agents | |
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| Carbamazepine | |
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| Valproate | |
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| Phenobarbital | |
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| Phenytoin | |
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| Miscellaneous Anticonvulsant Agents | |
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| New Anticonvulsant Agents | |
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| Dental Treatment of the Patient with Epilepsy | |
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| Nonseizure Uses of Anticonvulsants | |
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| Neurologic Pain | |
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| Psychiatric Use | |
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| Psychotherapeutic Agents | |
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| Psychiatric Disorders | |
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| Antipsychotic Agents | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Dental Implications | |
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| Antidepressant Agents | |
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| Tricyclic Antidepressants | |
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| Second-Generation Antidepressants | |
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| Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors | |
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| Bupropion | |
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| Other Antidepressant Agents | |
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| Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors | |
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| Drugs for Treatment of Bipolar Depression | |
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| Lithium | |
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| Anticonvulsants | |
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| Autocoids and Antihistamines | |
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| Histamine | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Uses | |
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| Antihistamines (H[subscript 1]-Receptor Antagonists) | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Toxicity | |
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| Uses | |
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| Peripheral (Nonsedating) H[subscript 1]-Receptor Antagonists | |
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| Fexofenadine | |
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| Loratidine | |
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| Cetirizine | |
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| Other Autocoids | |
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| Prostaglandins and Thromboxanes | |
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| Leukotrienes | |
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| Kinins | |
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| Substance P | |
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| Adrenocorticosteroids | |
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| Mechanism of Release | |
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| Classification | |
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| Definitions | |
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| Routes of Administration | |
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| Mechanism of Action | |
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| Pharmacologic Effects | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Metabolic Changes | |
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| Infections | |
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| Central Nervous System Effects | |
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| Peptic Ulcer | |
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| Impaired Wound Healing and Osteoporosis | |
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| Ophthalmic Effects | |
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| Electrolyte and Fluid Balance | |
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| Adrenal Crisis | |
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| Dental Effects | |
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| Uses | |
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| Medical Uses | |
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| Dental Uses | |
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| Corticosteroid Products | |
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| Dental Implications | |
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| Adverse Reactions | |
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| Steroid Supplementation | |
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| Rule of Twos | |
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| Topical Use | |
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| Other Hormones | |
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| Pituitary Hormones | |
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| Anterior Pituitary | |
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| Posterior Pituitary | |
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| Thyroid Hormones | |
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| Iodine | |
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| Hypothyroidism | |
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| Hyperthyroidism | |
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| Pancreatic Hormones | |
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| Diabetes Mellitus | |
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| Female Sex Hormones | |
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| Estrogens | |
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| Progestins | |
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| Oral Contraceptives | |
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| Male Sex Hormones | |
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| Androgens | |
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| Other Agents that Affect Sex Hormone Systems | |
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| Clomiphene | |
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| Leuprolide | |
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| Tamoxifen | |
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| Danazol | |
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| Aromatase Inhibitors | |
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| Antineoplastic Drugs | |
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| Use of Antineoplastic Agents | |
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| Mechanisms of Action | |
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| Classification | |
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| Adverse Drug Effects | |
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| Bone Marrow Suppression | |
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| Osteonecrosis | |
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| Gastrointestinal Effects | |
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| Dermatologic Effects | |
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| Hepatotoxicity | |
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| Neurologic Effects | |
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| Nephrotoxicity | |
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| Immunosuppression | |
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| Germ Cells | |
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| Oral Effects | |
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| Combinations | |
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| Use in Treatment of Inflammatory Processes | |
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| Dental Implications | |
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| Respiratory and Gastrointestinal Drugs | |
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| Respiratory Drugs | |
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| Respiratory Diseases | |
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| Drugs Used to Treat Respiratory Diseases | |
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| Sympathomimetic Agents | |
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| Metered-Dose Inhalers | |
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| Corticosteroids | |
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| Leukotriene-Pathway Inhibitors | |
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| Methylxanthines | |
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| Anticholinergics | |
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| Agents Used to Manage Upper Respiratory Infections | |
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| Dental Implications of the Respiratory Drugs | |
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| Gastrointestinal Drugs | |
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| Gastrointestinal Diseases | |
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| Drugs Used to Treat Gastrointestinal Diseases | |
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| Histamine[subscript 2]-Blocking Agents | |
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| Proton Pump Inhibitors | |
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| Mixed Antiinfective Therapy for Ulcer Treatment | |
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| Antacids | |
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| Miscellaneous Gastrointestinal Drugs | |
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| Laxatives and Antidiarrheals | |
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| Emetics and Antiemetics | |
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| Agents Used to Manage Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease | |
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| Special Situations | |
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| Emergency Drugs | |
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| General Measures | |
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| Preparation for Treatment | |
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| Categories of Emergencies | |
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| Lost or Altered Consciousness | |
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| Respiratory Emergencies | |
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| Cardiovascular System Emergencies | |
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| Other Emergency Situations | |
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| Drug-Related Emergencies | |
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| Emergency Kit for the Dental Office | |
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| Drugs | |
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| Equipment | |
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| Pregnancy and Breast Feeding | |
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| General Principles | |
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| History | |
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| Pregnancy | |
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| Pregnancy Trimesters | |
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| Teratogenicity | |
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| Food and Drug Administration Pregnancy Categories | |
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| Breast Feeding | |
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| Dental Drugs | |
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| Local Anesthetic Agents | |
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| Analgesics | |
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| Antiinfective Agents | |
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| Antianxiety Agents | |
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| Drug Interactions | |
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| Mechanisms of Interactions | |
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| Pharmacokinetic | |
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| Pharmacodynamic | |
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| Dental Drug Interactions | |
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| Analgesics | |
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| Antiinfectives | |
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| Benzodiazepines | |
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| Epinephrine | |
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| Summary | |
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| Drug Abuse | |
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| |
| General Considerations | |
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| |
| Definitions | |
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| Psychologic Dependence | |
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| Physical Dependence | |
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| Tolerance | |
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| Addiction, Habituation, and Dependence | |
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| Central Nervous System Depressants | |
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| Ethyl Alcohol | |
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| Nitrous Oxide | |
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| |
| Opioid Analgesics | |
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| Sedative-Hypnotics | |
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| |
| Central Nervous System Stimulants | |
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| Cocaine | |
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| |
| Amphetamines | |
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| |
| Caffeine | |
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| |
| Tobacco | |
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| |
| Psychedelics (Hallucinogens) | |
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| |
| Lysergic Acid Diethylamide | |
| |
| |
| Phencyclidine | |
| |
| |
| Marijuana | |
| |
| |
| Identifying the Drug Abuser | |
| |
| |
| The Impaired Dental Health Care Worker | |
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| |
| Appendixes | |
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| |
| |
| Top 200 Drugs (2005) | |
| |
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| |
| Medical Acronyms | |
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| |
| |
| Medical Terminology | |
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| |
| |
| What If... | |
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| |
| |
| Oral Manifestations: Xerostomia and Taste Changes | |
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| |
| |
| Natural/Herbal Products | |
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| |
| Glossary | |
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| |
| Drug Index | |
| |
| |
| Index | |