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This tentative table of contents is for early review purposes; the final contents may not include all of the selections listed here | |
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Each chapter contains: exercises, LSAT questions, "What Will I Learn in This Chapter" | |
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"What Have I Learned in This Chapter" | |
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How Can I Apply What I Have Learned in This Chapter?" and "Where Do I Go from Here?" | |
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Basic Concepts of Logic | |
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Arguments | |
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The Historical Roots of Logic | |
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Induction and Deduction | |
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Validity and Soundness | |
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Logical Strength and Cogency | |
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Refutation | |
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Proof | |
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Logic and Language | |
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Use and Mention | |
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The Uses of Language | |
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Kinds of Definitions | |
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Ways of Defining | |
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Rules for Lexical Definitions | |
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Arguments in Context | |
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Fallacies | |
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Syllogistic Logic | |
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Aristotelian Logic | |
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Diagramming and Symbolizing Categorical Statements | |
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Categorical Equivalences | |
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Syllogisms | |
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Using Venn Diagrams to Refute Invalid Syllogisms | |
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Using Canons to Test Syllogisms for Invalidity | |
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Syllogistic Fallacies | |
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Enthymemes and Sorites | |
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Proofs of Valid Syllogisms | |
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The Limits of Syllogistic Logic | |
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Truth-functional Logic: Symbolization and Refutation | |
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Stoic Logic | |
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Symbolizing Truth-functional Arguments | |
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Truth Tables | |
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Classifying and Comparing Statements | |
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Implication and Equivalence | |
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Refuting Invalid Truth-functional Arguments | |
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Truth-functional Fallacies | |
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The Sheffer Arrow | |
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Truth-functional Logic: Proofs | |
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Statement-Forms and Their Instances | |
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Modus Ponens and Rules for Conjunctions, Disjunctions and Biconditionals | |
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Conditional Proof | |
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Indirect Proof | |
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Shortcut Rules | |
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Shortcut Rules, Continued | |
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Strategies and Tactics | |
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Other Uses for Truth-functional Proofs | |
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The Nature of Truth-functional Proofs | |
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Quantificational Logic | |
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Frege's Project | |
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Quantificational Notation: Monadic Predicates | |
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Quantificational Notation: Polyadic Predicates | |
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Quantificational Proofs | |
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The Nature of Quantificational Logic | |
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Properties of Relations and Second-Order Logic | |
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The Outcome of Frege's Project | |
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Inductive Logic | |
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Inductive Arguments | |
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Appeal to Authority | |
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Argument by Analogy | |
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The Strength of Inductive Arguments | |
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Hypothesis and Confirmation | |
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Causal Reasoning | |
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Argument by Generalization | |
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Samples | |
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Probabilistic Reasoning | |
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Solutions to Starred Exercises | |
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Glossary/Index | |