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| (All chapters begin with an Introduction end with a Summary, Exercises, and Reference and Bibliography) | |
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| Preliminaries | |
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| An Overview of Database Management | |
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| What is a database system? | |
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| What is a database? | |
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| Why database? | |
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| Data independence | |
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| Relational systems and others | |
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| Database System Architecture | |
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| The three levels of the architecture | |
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| The external level | |
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| The conceptual level | |
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| The internal level | |
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| Mappings | |
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| The database administrator | |
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| The database management system | |
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| Data communications | |
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| Client/server architecture | |
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| Utilities | |
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| Distributed processing | |
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| An Introduction to Relational Databases | |
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| An informal look at the relational model | |
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| Relations and relvars | |
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| What relations mean | |
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| Optimization | |
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| The catalog | |
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| Base relvars and views | |
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| Transactions | |
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| The suppliers-and-parts database | |
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| An Introduction to SQL | |
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| Overview | |
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| The catalog | |
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| Views | |
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| Transactions | |
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| Embedded SQL | |
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| Dynamic SQL and SQL/CLI | |
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| SQL is not perfect | |
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| The Relational Model | |
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| Types | |
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| Values v Variables | |
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| Types v Representations | |
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| Type Definition | |
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| Operators | |
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| Type generators | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Relations | |
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| Tuples | |
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| Relation types | |
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| Relation values | |
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| Relation variables | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Relational Algebra | |
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| Closure revisited | |
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| The original algebra: Syntax | |
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| The original algebra: Semantics | |
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| Examples | |
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| What is the algebra for? | |
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| Further points | |
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| Additional operators | |
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| Grouping and ungrouping | |
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| Relational Calculus | |
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| Tuple calculus | |
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| Examples | |
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| Calculus vs. algebra | |
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| Computational capabilities | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Domain calculus | |
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| Query-By-Example | |
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| Integrity | |
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| A closer look | |
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| Predicates and propositions | |
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| Relvar predicates and database predicates | |
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| Checking the constraints | |
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| Internal v external constraints | |
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| Correctness v consistency | |
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| Integrity and views | |
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| A constraint classification scheme | |
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| Keys | |
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| Triggers (a digression) | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Views | |
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| What are views for? | |
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| View retrievals | |
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| View updates | |
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| Snapshots (a digression) | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Database Design | |
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| Functional Dependencies | |
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| Basic definitions | |
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| Trivial and nontrivial dependencies | |
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| Closure of a set of dependencies | |
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| Closure of a set of attributes | |
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| Irreducible sets of dependencies | |
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| Further Normalization I: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF | |
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| Nonloss decomposition and functional dependencies | |
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| First, second, and third normal forms | |
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| Dependency preservation | |
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| Boyce/Codd normal form | |
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| A note on relation-valued attributes | |
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| Further Normalization II: Higher Normal Forms | |
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| Multi-valued dependencies and fourth normal form | |
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| Join dependencies and fifth normal form | |
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| The normalization procedure summarized | |
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| A note on denormalization | |
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| Orthogonal design (a digression) | |
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| Other normal forms | |
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| Semantic Modeling | |
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| The overall approach | |
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| The E/R model | |
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| E/R diagrams | |
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| Database design with the E/R model | |
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| A brief analysis | |
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| Transaction Management | |
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| Recovery | |
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| Transactions | |
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| Transaction recovery | |
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| System recovery | |
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| Media recovery | |
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| Two-phase commit | |
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| Savepoints (a digression) | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Concurrency | |
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| Three concurrency problems | |
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| Locking | |
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| The three concurrency problems revisited | |
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| Deadlock | |
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| Serializability | |
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| Recovery revisited | |
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| Isolation levels | |
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| Intent locking | |
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| ACID dropping | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Further Topics | |
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| Security | |
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| Discretionary access control | |
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| Mandatory access control | |
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| Statistical databases | |
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| Data encryption | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Optimization | |
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| A motivating example | |
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| An overview of query processing | |
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| Expression transformation | |
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| Database statistics | |
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| A divide-and-conquer strategy | |
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| Implementing the relational operators | |
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| Missing Information | |
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| An overview of the 3VL approach | |
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| Some consequences of the foregoing scheme | |
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| Nulls and keys | |
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| Outer join (a digression) | |
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| Special values | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Type Inheritance | |
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| Type hierarchies | |
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| Polymorphism and substitutability | |
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| Variables and assignments | |
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| Specialization by constraint | |
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| Comparisons | |
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| Operators, versions, and signatures | |
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| Is a circle an ellipse? | |
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| Specialization by constraint revisited | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Distributed Databases | |
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| Some preliminaries | |
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| The twelve objectives | |
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| Problems of distributed systems | |
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| Client/server systems | |
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| DBMS independence | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Decision Support | |
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| Aspects of decision support | |
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| Database design for decision support | |
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| Data preparation | |
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| Data warehouses and data marts | |
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| Online analytical processing | |
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| Data mining | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Temporal Databases | |
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| What is the problem? | |
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| Intervals | |
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| Packing and unpacking relations | |
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| Generalizing the relational operators | |
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| Database work design | |
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| Integrity constraints | |
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| Logic-Based Databases | |
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| Overview | |
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| Propositional calculus | |
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| Predicate calculus | |
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| A proof-theoretic view of databases | |
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| Deductive database systems | |
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| Recursive query processing | |
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| Objects, Relations, And Xml | |
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| Object Databases | |
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| Objects, classes, methods, and messages | |
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| A closer look | |
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| A cradle-to-grave example | |
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| Miscellaneous issues | |
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| Object / Relational Databases | |
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| The First Great Blunder | |
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| The Second Great Blunder | |
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| Implementation issues | |
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| Benefits of true rapprochement | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| The World Wide Web and XML | |
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| The Web and the Internet | |
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| An overview of XML | |
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| XML data definition | |
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| XML data manipulation | |
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| XML and databases | |
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| SQL facilities | |
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| Appendixes | |
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| The TransRelational��� Model | |
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| Three levels of abstraction | |
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| The basic idea | |
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| Condensed columns | |
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| Merged columns | |
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| Implementing the relational operators | |
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| SQL Expressions, Table Expressions, and Boolean Expressions | |
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| Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbol | |
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| Online storage structures and access methods, database access: an overview, page sets and files, indexing, hashing, pointer chains, and compression techniques | |
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| Index | |