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Foreword | |
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Translator's Note | |
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5 January 1983: First Hour | |
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Remarks on method | |
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Study of Kant's text: What is Enlightenment? | |
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Conditions of publication: journals | |
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The encounter between Christian Aufkl�rung and Jewish Haskala: freedom of conscience | |
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Philosophy and present reality | |
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The question of the Revolution | |
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Two critical filiations | |
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5 January 1983: Second Hour | |
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The idea of tutelage (minorit�): neither natural powerlessness nor authoritarian deprivation of rights | |
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Way out from the condition of tutelage and critical activity | |
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The shadow of the three Critiques | |
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The difficulty of emancipation: laziness and cowardice; the predicted failure of liberators | |
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Motivations of the condition of tutelage: superimposition of obedience and absence of reasoning; confusion between the private and public use of reason | |
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The problematic turn at the end of Kant's text | |
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12 January 1983: First Hour | |
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Reminders of method | |
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Definition of the subject to be studied this year | |
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Parresia and culture of self | |
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Galen's On the Passions and Errors of the Soul | |
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Parresia: difficulty in defining the notion; bibliographical reference points | |
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An enduring, plural, and ambiguous notion | |
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Plato faced with the tyrant of Syracuse: an exemplary scene of parresia | |
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The echo of Oedipus | |
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Parresia versus demonstration, teaching, and discussion | |
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The element of risk | |
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12 January 1983: Second Hour | |
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Irreducibility of the parrhesiastic to the performative utterance: opening up of an unspecified risk/public expression of a personal conviction/bringing a free courage into play | |
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Pragmatics and dramatics of discourse | |
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Classical use of the notion of parresia: democracy (Polybius) and citizenship (Euripides). | |
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19 January 1983: First Hour | |
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Ion in the mythology and history of Athens | |
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Political context of Euripides' tragedy: the Nicias peace | |
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History of Ion's birth | |
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Alethurgic schema of the tragedy | |
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The implication of the three truth-tellings: oracle, confession (l'aveu), and political discourse | |
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Structural comparison of Ion and Oedipus the King | |
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The adventures of truth-telling in Ion: the double half-lie | |
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19 January 1983: Second Hour | |
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Ion: A nobody, son of nobody | |
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Three categories of citizen | |
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Consequences of political intrusion by Ion: private hatreds and public tyranny | |
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In search of a mother | |
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Parresia irreducible to the actual exercise of power and to the citizen's status | |
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The agonistic game of truth-telling: free and risky | |
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Historical context: the Cleon/Nicias debate | |
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Creusa's anger | |
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26 January 1983: First Hour | |
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Continuation and end of the comparison between Ion and Oedipus: the truth does not arise from an investigation but from the clash of passions | |
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The rule of illusions and passions | |
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The cry of confession and accusation | |
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G. Dum�zil's analyses of Apollo | |
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Dum�zil's categories applied to Ion | |
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Tragic modulation of the theme of the voice | |
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Tragic modulation of the theme of gold | |
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26 January 1983: Second Hour | |
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Tragic modulation of the theme of fertility | |
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Parresia as imprecation: public denunciation by the weak of the injustice of the powerful | |
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Creusa's second confession (aveu): the voice of confession (confession) | |
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Final episodes: from murder plan to Athena's appearance | |
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2 February 1983: First Hour | |
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Reminder of the Polybius text | |
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Return to Ion: divine and human veridictions | |
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The three forms of parresia: statutory-political; judicial; moral | |
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Political parresia: its connection with democracy; its basis in an agonistic structure | |
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Return to the Polybius text: the isegoria/parresia relationship | |
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Politeia and dunasteia: thinking of politics as experience | |
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Parresia in Euripides: The Phoenician Women; Hippolytus; The Bacchae; Orestes | |
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The Trial of Orestes | |
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2 February 1983: Second Hour | |
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The rectangle of parresia: formal condition, de facto condition, truth condition, and moral condition | |
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Example of the correct functioning of democratic parresia in Thucydides: three discourses of Pericles | |
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Bad parresia in Isocrates | |
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9 February 1983: First Hour | |
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Parresia: everyday usage; political usage | |
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Reminder of three exemplary scenes: Thucydides; Isocrates; Plutarch | |
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Lines of evolution of parresia | |
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The four great problems of ancient political philosophy: the ideal city; the respective merits of democracy and autocracy; addressing the Prince's soul; the philosophy/rhetoric relationship | |
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Study of three texts by Plato | |
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9 February 1983: Second Hour | |
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Plato's Letters: the context | |
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Study of letter V: the phone of constitutions; reasons for non-involvement | |
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Study of Letter VII | |
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Dion's history | |
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Plato's political autobiography | |
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The journey to Sicily | |
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Why Plato accepts: kairos; philia; ergon | |
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16 February 1983: First Hour | |
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Philosophical ergon | |
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Comparison with the Alcibiades | |
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The reality of philosophy: the courageous address to power | |
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First condition of reality: listening, the first circle | |
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The philosophical oeuvre: a choice; a way; an application | |
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The reality of philosophy as work of self on self (second circle) | |
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16 February 1983: Second Hour | |
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The failure of Dionysius | |
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The Platonic rejection of writing | |
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Mathemata versus sunousia | |
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Philosophy as practice of the soul | |
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The philosophical digression of Letter VII: the five elements of knowledge | |
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The third circle: the circle of knowledge | |
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The philosopher and the legislator | |
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Final remarks on contemporary interpretations of Plato | |
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23 February 1983: First Hour | |
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The enigmatic blandness of Plato's political advice | |
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The advice to Dionysius | |
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The diagnosis, practice of persuasion, proposal of a regime | |
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Advice to Dion's friends | |
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Study of Letter VIII | |
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Parresia underpins political advice | |
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23 February 1983: Second Hour | |
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Philosophy and politics: necessary relationship but impossible coincidence | |
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Cynical and Platonic game with regard to politics | |
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The new historical conjuncture: thinking a new political unit beyond the city-state | |
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From the public square to the Prince's soul | |
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The Platonic theme of the philosopher-king | |
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2 March 1983: First Hour | |
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Reminders about political parresia | |
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Point in the evolution of political parresia | |
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The major questions of ancient philosophy | |
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Study of a text by Lucian | |
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Ontology of discourses of veridiction | |
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Socratic speech in the Apology | |
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The paradox of the political non-involvement of Socrates | |
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2 March 1983: Second Hour | |
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End of study of Socrates' Apology: parresia/rhetoric opposition | |
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Study of the Phaedrus: general plan of the dialogue | |
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The conditions of good logos | |
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Truth as permanent function of discourse | |
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Dialectic and psychagogy | |
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Philosophical parresia | |
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9 March 1983: First Hour | |
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The historical turnaround of parresia: from the political game to the philosophical game | |
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Philosophy as practice of parresia: the example of Aristippus | |
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The philosophical life as manifestation of the truth | |
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The permanent address to power | |
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The interpellation of each | |
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Portrait of the Cynic in Epictetus | |
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Pericles and Socrates | |
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Modern philosophy and courage of the truth | |
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9 March 1983: Second Hour | |
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Study of the Gorgias | |
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The obligation of confession (aveu) in Plato: the context of liquidation of rhetoric | |
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The three qualities of Callicles: episteme; parresia; eunoia | |
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Agonistic game against egalitarian system | |
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Socratic speech: basanos and homologia | |
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Course Context | |
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Index of Names | |
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Index of Concepts and Notions | |