| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| |
| Laying the Groundwork | |
| |
| |
| |
| Understanding the Research Process | |
| |
| |
| Basic Steps in the Process | |
| |
| |
| Some Essential Definitions | |
| |
| |
| A More Detailed Look at the Research Process | |
| |
| |
| |
| Deciding on a Topic | |
| |
| |
| Moving from Subject to Topic | |
| |
| |
| Finding the Best Topic | |
| |
| |
| Doing Background Reading or Preliminary Research | |
| |
| |
| Brainstorming to Find a Topic | |
| |
| |
| Four Students Find Their Topics | |
| |
| |
| |
| Moving from Topic to Hypothesis | |
| |
| |
| Benefits of a Hypothesis | |
| |
| |
| Arriving at a Hypothesis by Brainstorming | |
| |
| |
| Four Students Form and Revise Their Hypotheses | |
| |
| |
| Reviewing Part One | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
| Searching for Sources | |
| |
| |
| |
| Developing a Research Strategy | |
| |
| |
| Types of Sources | |
| |
| |
| The Role of Libraries and Librarians | |
| |
| |
| The Library's Home Page | |
| |
| |
| The Data Record | |
| |
| |
| Search Strategies | |
| |
| |
| |
| Finding Books | |
| |
| |
| Using the Library Catalog | |
| |
| |
| Evaluating Results of a Library Catalog Search | |
| |
| |
| Using the Library's Reference Section | |
| |
| |
| Locating Books | |
| |
| |
| Using Electronic Books | |
| |
| |
| |
| Finding Periodicals | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Types of Periodicals | |
| |
| |
| Using Periodical Databases | |
| |
| |
| Evaluating Results of a Database Search | |
| |
| |
| Using Print Indexes | |
| |
| |
| Acquiring Articles from Print-based Periodicals | |
| |
| |
| Acquiring Articles from Web-based Periodicals | |
| |
| |
| |
| Finding Internet Sources | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Types of Web Sites | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Web Addresses | |
| |
| |
| Using Search Engines | |
| |
| |
| Evaluating Results of a Web Search | |
| |
| |
| Using Other Web Resources | |
| |
| |
| |
| Finding Other Kinds of Sources | |
| |
| |
| Other Materials in Your Own Library | |
| |
| |
| Other Print Sources | |
| |
| |
| Television and Radio Programs | |
| |
| |
| Audio-Visual Material from the Web | |
| |
| |
| Interviews and Surveys | |
| |
| |
| Reviewing Part Two | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
| Working with Sources | |
| |
| |
| |
| Developing a Working Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Setting Up the Working Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Gathering Potential Sources | |
| |
| |
| Reassessing Your Topic | |
| |
| |
| |
| Evaluating Potential Sources | |
| |
| |
| Skimming Your Sources | |
| |
| |
| Judging the Usefulness of Sources | |
| |
| |
| Evaluating Online Sources | |
| |
| |
| Using Primary vs. Secondary Sources | |
| |
| |
| Cross-Checking Sources | |
| |
| |
| Creating an Annotated Bibliography | |
| |
| |
| Reviewing Your Hypothesis | |
| |
| |
| |
| Taking Effective Notes | |
| |
| |
| Using a Preliminary Outline as a Guide | |
| |
| |
| Using a Statement of Purpose as a Guide | |
| |
| |
| Practical Aspects of Note-Taking | |
| |
| |
| |
| Paraphrasing, Summarizing, and Quoting | |
| |
| |
| Paraphrasing | |
| |
| |
| Summarizing | |
| |
| |
| Quoting | |
| |
| |
| Note-Taking for Non-textual Sources | |
| |
| |
| An Extended Example of Effective Note-Taking | |
| |
| |
| |
| Avoiding Plagiarism | |
| |
| |
| Understanding Documentation | |
| |
| |
| Plagiarizing Ideas | |
| |
| |
| Plagiarizing Paraphrases | |
| |
| |
| Paraphrasing without Plagiarizing | |
| |
| |
| Plagiarizing Language | |
| |
| |
| Plagiarizing Facts | |
| |
| |
| Reviewing Part Three | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
| Writing the Paper | |
| |
| |
| |
| Organizing and Outlining | |
| |
| |
| Organizing Your Notes | |
| |
| |
| Refining the Outline | |
| |
| |
| The Traditional Outline Format | |
| |
| |
| |
| Writing the Rough Draft | |
| |
| |
| Getting Ready to Draft | |
| |
| |
| Working on a Computer | |
| |
| |
| Drafting the Introduction | |
| |
| |
| Drafting the Body | |
| |
| |
| Drafting the Conclusion | |
| |
| |
| |
| Revising the Rough Draft | |
| |
| |
| Revising for Organization | |
| |
| |
| Revising for Support | |
| |
| |
| Revising for Language | |
| |
| |
| Revising for Documentation | |
| |
| |
| Two Examples of Revision | |
| |
| |
| Writing the Polished, Final Draft | |
| |
| |
| Reviewing Part Four | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
| Documenting Sources | |
| |
| |
| |
| Understanding Documentation Requirements | |
| |
| |
| Types of Material That Require Source Notes | |
| |
| |
| General Information about In-Text Citations | |
| |
| |
| General Information about the List of Sources | |
| |
| |
| Abbreviations for Bibliographical Terms | |
| |
| |
| |
| Using the MLA Parenthetical System | |
| |
| |
| Guidelines for Parenthetical Citations | |
| |
| |
| Sample Parenthetical Citations | |
| |
| |
| Blending Notes into Your Text Smoothly | |
| |
| |
| Numbered Notes for Special Purposes | |
| |
| |
| Guidelines for Works Cited | |
| |
| |
| Directory to MLA Style for Works Cited | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Books | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Periodicals | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Electronic Sources | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Other Material | |
| |
| |
| Citing Sources of Illustrative Material | |
| |
| |
| |
| Using The APA (Author/Year) System | |
| |
| |
| Guidelines for Parenthetical Citations | |
| |
| |
| Sample Parenthetical Citations | |
| |
| |
| Guidelines for a List of References | |
| |
| |
| Directory to APA Style for a List of References | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Books | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Periodicals | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Electronic Sources | |
| |
| |
| Sample Entries for Other Material | |
| |
| |
| |
| Using Other Documentation Systems | |
| |
| |
| The Chicago (Endnote/Footnote) System | |
| |
| |
| The Number System | |
| |
| |
| Format Preferences for Various Academic Disciplines | |
| |
| |
| Reviewing Part Five | |
| |
| |
| Questions | |
| |
| |
| Exercises | |
| |
| |
| |
| Preparing the Manuscript | |
| |
| |
| |
| Following Format Requirements | |
| |
| |
| Basic Formatting | |
| |
| |
| Following a Particular Format | |
| |
| |
| Creating a Title Page | |
| |
| |
| Creating an Abstract | |
| |
| |
| Paginating Your Paper | |
| |
| |
| Selecting an Appropriate Font | |
| |
| |
| Using Color | |
| |
| |
| |
| Four Sample Research Papers | |
| |
| |
| MLA-Style Paper: "The New Immigrants: Asset or Burden?" | |
| |
| |
| MLA-Style Paper: "Emily Dickinson's Reluctance to Publish" | |
| |
| |
| APA-Style Paper: "Solenopis invicta: Destroyer of Ecosystems" | |
| |
| |
| Chicago-Style Paper: "Cotton Mather's Necessary Witches" | |
| |
| |
| Appendix of Reference Sources | |
| |
| |
| Index | |