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Preface | |
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Introduction | |
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The Rediscovery of Geography | |
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Linkages and Circular Causation | |
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Modeling Tricks: Dixit-Stiglitz, Icebergs, Evolution, and the Computer | |
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Two Useful Questions | |
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Plan of the Book | |
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Some Intellectual Background | |
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Antecedents I: Urban Economics | |
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The von Thunen Model | |
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Explaining Cities: External Economies | |
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Urban Systems | |
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Multiple Subcenters | |
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Uses and Limits of Traditional Urban Economics | |
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Notes | |
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Antecedents II: Regional Science | |
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Central-Place Theory | |
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Base-Multiplier Analysis | |
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Market Potential Analysis | |
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Limitations of Regional Science | |
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A Brief Introduction to Bifurcations | |
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Notes | |
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Labor Mobility and Regional Development | |
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The Dixit-Stiglitz Model of Monopolistic Competition and Its Spatial Implications | |
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Consumer Behavior | |
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Multiple Locations and Transport Costs | |
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Producer Behavior | |
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Some Normalizations | |
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The Price Index Effect and the Home Market Effect | |
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The "No-Black-Hole" Condition | |
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Notes | |
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Core and Periphery | |
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Assumptions | |
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Instantaneous Equilibrium | |
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The Core-Periphery Model: Statement and Numerical Examples | |
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When Is a Core-Periphery Pattern Sustainable? | |
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When is the Symmetric Equilibrium Broken? | |
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Implications and Conclusions | |
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Symmetry Breaking | |
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Notes | |
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Many Regions and Continuous Space | |
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The Three-Region Case | |
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The Racetrack Economy | |
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The Turing Approach | |
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The Growth Rate of a Fluctuation | |
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Determining the Preferred Frequency: The Large Economy | |
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From Local to Global | |
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Conclusions | |
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Simulation Parameters | |
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Notes | |
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Agricultural Transport Costs | |
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Trade Costs: The Realities | |
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Trade Costs: The Model | |
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Core-Periphery or Symmetry? | |
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Differentiated Agricultural Products | |
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Conclusions | |
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Symmetry Breaking | |
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Simulation Parameters | |
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Notes | |
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The Urban System | |
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Spatial Models of Urban Systems: A Heuristic Introduction | |
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Location Decisions and the Distribution of Demand | |
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Sustaining and Locking In Urban Location | |
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Population Growth and City Formation | |
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Urban Hierarchies | |
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Ports and Transportation Hubs | |
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Conclusions | |
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Notes | |
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The Monocentric Economy | |
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The Model | |
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The von Thunen Economy | |
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The Market Potential Function | |
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The Potential Function and the Sustainability of a City | |
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On the Definition of the Market Potential Function | |
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The Limit Market Potential Function | |
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Notes | |
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The Emergence of New Cities | |
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Adjustment Dynamics and the Stability of the Spatial System | |
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From One City to Three | |
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Emergence of New Cities in the Long Run | |
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Conclusions | |
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Bifurcation with Costly Transport of Agricultural Goods | |
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Supplementary Calculations for Appendix 10.1 | |
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Adjustment Dynamics of a General Three-City Case | |
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Notes | |
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Evolution of a Hierarchical Urban System | |
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The Formation of an Urban Hierarchy in Nineteenth-Century America | |
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The Model | |
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The Monocentric System | |
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Self-Organization Toward a Hierarchical System | |
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Conclusions | |
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The Equilibrium of the Agricultural Market | |
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The Equilibrium Conditions of the Monocentric Economy | |
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The Proof that (11.16) Implies (11.17) | |
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Notes | |
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An Empirical Digression: The Sizes of Cities | |
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The Size Distribution of Cities | |
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Do Urban Theories Predict the Rank-Size Rule? | |
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Can Random Growth Explain the Rank-Size Rule? | |
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Conclusions | |
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Notes | |
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Ports, Transportation Hubs, and City Location | |
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The Monocentric Economy | |
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The Impact of a Transportation Hub on the Market Potential Function | |
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Patterns of Spatial Evolution | |
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Conclusions | |
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Notes | |
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International Trade | |
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International Specialization | |
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A Model with Intermediate Goods | |
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The Structure of Equilibria | |
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Agglomeration and National Inequalities | |
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Decreasing Returns in Agriculture | |
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Conclusions | |
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Symmetry Breaking | |
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Simulation Parameters | |
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Notes | |
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Economic Development and the Spread of Industry | |
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Growth and Sustainable Wage Differentials | |
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Many Industries and Many Countries | |
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Conclusions | |
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The Multicountry, Multi-Industry Model | |
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Simulation Parameters | |
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Notes | |
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Industrial Clustering | |
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Industrial Clusters: The Evidence | |
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Industrial Clusters: The Model | |
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Concentration or Dispersion? | |
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Adjustment and Real Income | |
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Multiple Factors: Industrial Clustering in a Heckscher-Ohlin World | |
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Multiple Industries and Sustainable Cross-Country Differences | |
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Conclusions | |
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Symmetry Breaking | |
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Adjustment and Real Income | |
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The Production Possibility Frontier | |
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Multiple Industries | |
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Simulation Parameters | |
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Notes | |
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A Seamless World | |
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The Model | |
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The Frequency of Agglomeration | |
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From Local to Global | |
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Punctuated Equilibrium | |
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Multiple Industries | |
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Center and Periphery | |
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Conclusions | |
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Symmetry Breaking | |
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Simulation Parameters | |
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Notes | |
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External Trade and Internal Geography | |
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Urban Concentration in an Open Economy | |
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The Effects of Trade Liberalization | |
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Industrial Clustering and External Trade | |
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Industrial Structure and Urban Concentration | |
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Conclusions | |
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Symmetry Breaking | |
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Simulation Parameters | |
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Notes | |
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The Way Forward | |
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The Theoretical Menu | |
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Empirical Work | |
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Quantification | |
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Welfare Implications | |
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Where We Stand | |
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References | |
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Index | |