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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Representation and Democracy | |
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| Representation in Democratic Theory and History | |
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| Three Theories of Representation | |
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| Continuity, Rupture, and People's Negative Power | |
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| Discord and the Ballot, or Presence through Speech and Ideas | |
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| Partisanship as an Active Manifestation of the General | |
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| Proportional Fairness and the Dual Nature of Equality | |
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| Advocacy | |
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| Representativity | |
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| Rethinking Popular Sovereignty | |
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| Rousseau's Unrepresentable Sovereign | |
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| Either Delegates or Representatives | |
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| Sovereign Unity: Symbiotic or Symbolic? | |
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| Two Models of Unification | |
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| The Sovereignty of the Will | |
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| A Privatistic Model of Delegation | |
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| The Travel Agent and a Minimalist Participation | |
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| Imagination, Speech, and Deception | |
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| The Deliberative Judgment of the Few | |
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| Asking the Right Question | |
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| Paradoxes of Minimalism | |
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| Reflection and the Rule of Immediacy | |
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| The Time and Space of Politics and the Paradox of a Punctuated Freedom | |
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| Will and Judgment: The Kantian Revision | |
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| Freedom from the Externality of the Presence | |
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| The Subterranean Work of Informal Sovereignty | |
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| Individual Atoms in a Participatory Void | |
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| The Soft Power of Judgment | |
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| Ideology and the Representing Faculty of Imagination | |
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| The Fiction of As If | |
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| Genera of Judgment | |
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| Political Dependence | |
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| Common Opinion and the Revolution | |
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| A Nation of Electors: Sieye's Model of Representative Government | |
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| All Human Relations Are Representative | |
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| Interest and Competence as Unifying Factors | |
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| Exchange versus Barter: Democracy Is Primitivism | |
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| The Currency of Electoral Consent | |
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| The Metamorphosis of the Citizen into the Elector | |
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| Passive and Active Freedom | |
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| The Symbolic Sovereignty of the Nation | |
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| The Impolitical Category of Competence | |
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| Thomas Paine and the Perfecting of Simple Democracy | |
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| The Sovereign Nation and Federalism's Threat | |
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| Democratic Republicanism | |
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| Democracy Surpassing Itself | |
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| A Republic of Citizens: Condorcet's Indirect Democracy | |
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| The Longue Dure of the Democratic Project in the Age of Representation | |
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| Perpetual Innovation versus Immediate Politics | |
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| The Secularization of Origins: Democracy as a Time-Regime | |
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| Indirect Despotism | |
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| The Syllogism of Democratic Constitutionalism | |
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| Democratic Moderation and the Principle of Collegiality | |
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| Democratizing Deliberation | |
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| Multiplying the Times and Places of Deliberation | |
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| A Cooperative Enterprise | |
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| Primary Assemblies and the Special Terrain of Politics | |
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| Sovereignty of Surveillance | |
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| Breaking and Restoring Trust | |
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| Conclusion: A Surplus of Politics | |
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| Notes | |
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| Bibliography | |
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| Index | |