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| Preface | |
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| The Conceptual Nexus | |
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| National Security for a New and Changing Era | |
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| Sources of Change | |
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| The International Dimension | |
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| The Domestic Dimension | |
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| Why Entitlement and Defense Cuts? | |
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| The Intermestic Intersection | |
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| Challenge! Is a Reduced Commitment to National Security Acceptable? | |
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| Conclusions: The Way Forward | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| The Concepts and Logic of National Security | |
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| Thinking about Security | |
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| Military and Nonmilitary Elements of Security | |
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| Levels of Security | |
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| Risk and Risk Management | |
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| What Should the United States Do About North Korea? | |
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| Thinking About Interests | |
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| Levels of Interest | |
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| Vital and Less-Than-Vital Interests and Afghanistan | |
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| Security and Interests in the Contemporary Environment | |
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| Power and the Instruments of Power | |
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| Power | |
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| Instruments of Power | |
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| Power and Security | |
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| The Realist Paradigm | |
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| Basic Concepts and Relationships | |
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| Paradigm Implications | |
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| Critiques and Anomalies of the Realist Paradigm | |
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| Challenge! The Realist Paradigm and Contemporary American Politics | |
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| Conclusions: Realism and the Realist Paradigm | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| The Historical Context | |
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| Influences from the Past: The American Historical Experience | |
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| Conditioning Factors in the American Tradition | |
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| American Ahistoricism | |
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| Accident of Geography | |
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| Dealing with Dependence on Persian Gulf Oil | |
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| The Anglo-Saxon Heritage | |
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| Evolution of the American Experience | |
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| The Formative Period, 1789-1945 | |
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| Antimilitary Bias | |
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| The Citizen-Soldier | |
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| The Myth of Invincibility | |
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| Mobilization and Demobilization | |
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| Readiness and Pearl Harbor | |
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| Total War Preference | |
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| The Cold War, 1945-1989 | |
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| The Role of the Media | |
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| The Impact of Democratic Institutions | |
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| Professionalism in the Military | |
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| Challenge! Military Future Force Challenges in a Constrained World | |
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| Conclusion: The Contemporary Period, 1989 to Present | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| The Post-1945 Challenge: The Nature and End of the Cold War | |
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| The Cold War System | |
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| Characteristics | |
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| Better Red than Dead? Better Dead than Red? | |
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| Sources of Change | |
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| Forms of Military Competition | |
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| Conventional Forces | |
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| Nuclear Forces | |
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| The Capitalist Bomb | |
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| Deadlock of the Competition | |
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| The Economic Dimension | |
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| The Military Dimension | |
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| Convergence | |
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| Cold War Residues | |
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| Russian Evolution | |
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| Russian Resurgence | |
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| Challenge! What Kind of Russia? | |
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| Conclusions: The Legacy End of the Cold War | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Moving to the Present: The Post-Cold War World | |
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| The First Fault Line: The World After the Cold War | |
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| Undeniable Benefits | |
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| The End of the Cold War and the U.S. Military | |
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| Debatable Changes | |
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| The Second Fault Line: The World After September 11 | |
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| The Rules of War: Who Is a ROW? | |
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| Toward the New International System? | |
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| Paradigm Choices | |
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| The American Role in the New World System | |
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| The Post-9/11 Era? | |
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| Conclusion: The Continuing Role of Force | |
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| Challenge! Military Responses to Iran? | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Intermestic Environments and Change | |
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| The Domestic Environment | |
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| Extremism in the Defense of Liberty? | |
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| The Historical Domestic Context | |
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| The Structure of Domestic Politics | |
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| The Executive Branch | |
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| The President, the Constitution, and National Security | |
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| The Interagency Process | |
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| The Congress | |
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| The Congress, the Constitution, and National Security | |
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| The Committee System | |
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| Challenges to Committee Dominance | |
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| Institutional Responses to National Security Challenges: War Powers and Homeland Security | |
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| The Problem of War Powers | |
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| The Context of the WPR of October 1973 | |
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| Content of the WPR | |
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| Status of the WPR | |
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| Homeland Security | |
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| Challenge! The United States in Libya | |
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| Background and Evolution of the Problem | |
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| The Homeland Security Response to September 11 | |
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| Ongoing Problems and Controversies | |
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| Conclusion: The Contemporary Environment | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Domestic Battlegrounds and National Security | |
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| The Political Battleground | |
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| The Predictable Failure of the Super Committee | |
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| The National Security Entrapment | |
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| National Security and Domestic Politics | |
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| Defense Budgeting | |
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| The Erosion of National Security Sanctity | |
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| Parameters of the Budget Deficit Debate | |
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| Estimating Budget Deficits and Trends | |
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| The Impact on National Security | |
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| Likely Areas of Reductions | |
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| The Washington Monument Ploy | |
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| National Security Benefits and Costs | |
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| Challenge! Thinking About Loss Allocation | |
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| Conclusions: An Ongoing Debate | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| The Phenomenon and Impact of Globalization | |
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| The Bretton Woods System, 1945-1971 | |
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| The Bretton Woods Institutions | |
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| Amplification 8.1 The ITO and the Antifree Traders | |
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| The Breakdown of Bretton Woods | |
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| The Transitional Period, 1971-1990 | |
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| American Decline | |
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| American Revival | |
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| The Globalizing Economy, 1990-Present | |
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| Characteristics and Values | |
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| Objections to Globalization | |
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| The Rejectionists | |
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| New Additions to the National Security Agenda | |
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| Conclusion: Globalization and Other Factors in American Security | |
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| Challenge! Rare Earth Elements and National Security | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| "Legacy" Military Problems | |
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| Nuclear Forces and Deterrence | |
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| Seminal Events of the Nuclear Age | |
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| Theories of Deterrence | |
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| Nuclear Residues | |
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| Iranian Proliferation and Israel | |
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| Traditional Forces and the Future | |
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| The Heavy Forces (Conventional) Model | |
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| The Light Forces (Unconventional) Model | |
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| Light Forces, Heavy Forces, or Both? | |
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| Affording Heavy Forces: Relevance and Cost Overruns | |
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| Traditional Residues | |
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| Military Manpower | |
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| Challenge! Military Service After Iraq and Afghanistan | |
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| Military Reform | |
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| Conclusion: The Continuing Relevance of Traditional Forces | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| The Contemporary Environment and Challenges | |
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| Residues of 9/11: Terrorism, Iraq, and Afghanistan | |
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| The Direct Terrorism Response | |
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| Why Terror? | |
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| Terrorism as Crime or War | |
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| Dealing with Terror | |
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| The War in Afghanistan | |
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| Justification of the War | |
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| Validity of the Objective | |
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| Lessons of Afghanistan | |
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| Afghanistan Options | |
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| The Iraq War | |
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| Justifications of the War | |
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| Validity of the Objective | |
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| Lessons of Iraq | |
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| Challenge1. What if Iraq "Goes South"? | |
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| Conclusions: Conditioning the Future | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| International Change: Asymmetrical Warfare | |
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| The Context of Asymmetrical Warfare | |
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| Sun Tzu on Asymmetrical Warfare | |
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| The End of the Cold War | |
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| The United States as Hyperpower | |
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| September 11 and the Shift in Violent Activity | |
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| The Dynamics of Asymmetrical Warfare | |
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| Defining Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Warfare | |
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| The Lure of Asymmetrical Warfare | |
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| Asymmetrical Models: Mobile-Guerrilla Warfare | |
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| Asymmetrical Futures? | |
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| The Political Legacy: Be Careful Where You Intervene | |
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| The Military Legacy: Preparing for Asymmetrical Foes | |
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| Challenge! The Asymmetrical Warfare Element in Planning | |
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| Conclusions: Asymmetry and the Future | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| The Menu of Activism: Peacekeeping, State Building, and Development | |
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| Peacekeeping | |
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| The Dynamics of Peacekeeping | |
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| The Talk-Shoot Dilemma in PE | |
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| Peacekeeping and the Future | |
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| Development and State Building | |
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| The Rationale and Evolution of Development | |
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| Impediments to Development | |
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| Challenge! Establishing Developmental Priorities | |
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| State Building | |
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| Peacekeeping, Development, and State Building in Afghanistan | |
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| Conclusions: The Complexity of Postwar Peace | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| New Dimensions and Approaches | |
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| Border Security | |
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| The Physical Problem | |
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| Border Threats | |
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| An Impenetrable Border? | |
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| Natural Resources Security | |
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| Petroleum Energy Security | |
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| Challenge! National Security and the Price of Gas | |
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| Environmental Security | |
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| Global Warming | |
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| The United States, Kyoto, and Copenhagen | |
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| Hurricane Katrina | |
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| Conclusion: Expanded Security Horizons | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Looking Ahead | |
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| Exploring the Future | |
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| Variables in the Environment | |
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| The Fall of the Shah and Al Qaeda | |
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| Challenge! Contemporary Worst Cases? | |
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| Policies and Effects | |
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| National Security Policy Models | |
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| U.S. Activism and Iranian Nuclear Weapons | |
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| Conclusions: Assessing the Future | |
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| Study/Discussion Questions | |
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| Selected Bibliography | |
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| Index | |