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| Introduction | |
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| What Is Philosophy? | |
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| Reading: What is Philosophy | |
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| Deductive Arguments | |
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| Inductive and Abductive Arguments | |
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| The Philosophy of Religion | |
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| Aquinas's First Four Ways | |
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| Reading: Five Ways to Prove That God Exists | |
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| The Design Argument | |
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| Readings: The Design Argument | |
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| Critique of the Design Argument | |
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| Evolution and Creationism | |
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| Can Science Explain Everything? | |
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| The Ontological Argument | |
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| Reading: Debate - Saint Anselm and Gaunilo | |
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| Is the Existence of God Testable? | |
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| Reading: The Meaninglessness of Religious Discourse | |
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| Pascal and Irrationality | |
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| Readings: Belief in God - What Do You Have to Lose? | |
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| The Will to Believe | |
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| The Argument from Evil | |
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| Theory of Knowledge | |
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| What Is Knowledge? | |
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| Reading: The Theaetetus - Knowledge is Something More than True Belief Plato | |
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| Descartes' Foundationalism | |
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| Reading: Meditations on First Philosophy, 1-5 | |
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| The Reliability Theory of Knowledge | |
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| Justified Belief and Hume's Problem of Induction | |
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| Reading: Induction Cannot Be Rationally Justified | |
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| Can Hume's Skepticism Be Refuted? | |
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| Beyond Foundationalism | |
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| Locke on the Existence of External Objects | |
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| Readings: The External World Probably Exists | |
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| Yada yada | |
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| Philosophy of Mind | |
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| Dualism and the Mind/Body Problem | |
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| Reading: Meditations on First Philosophy, 6 | |
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| Logical Behaviorism | |
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| Reading: Other Minds Are Known by Analogy from One's Own Case | |
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| Methodological Behaviorism | |
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| The Mind/Brain Identity Theory | |
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| Functionalism | |
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| Freedom, Determinism, and Causality | |
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| A Menu of Positions on Free Will | |
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| Readings: Determinism Shows That Free Will Is an Illusion | |
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| Of Liberty and Necessity | |
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| Has the Self "Free Will"? | |
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| Compatibilism | |
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| Psychological Egoism | |
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| Reading: What Motivates People to Act Justly? | |
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| Ethics | |
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| Ethics-Normative and Meta | |
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| The Is/Ought Gap and the Naturalistic Fallacy | |
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| Observation and Explanation in Ethics | |
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| Conventionalist Theories | |
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| Readings: The Euthyphro - A Critique of the Divine Command Theory- Plato | |
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| Existentialism | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| Readings: Defense of Utilitarianism | |
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| Principle of Utility | |
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| On Liberty | |
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| Kant's Moral Theory | |
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| Reading Ethics Founded on Reason Immanuel Kant | |
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| Aristotle on the Good Life | |