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| Preface | |
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| Maps | |
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| Global Issues: Challenges of Globalization | |
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| Introduction | |
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| From International Relations to Global Issues | |
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| Pluralism and Interdependence | |
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| The Growth of the Modern State | |
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| Sovereignty | |
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| The Decline of Sovereignty | |
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| The European Union: Redefining Sovereignty | |
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| The Rise of Nonstate Actors | |
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| The Catholic Church | |
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| Transnational Corporations | |
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| Interdependence and Globalization | |
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| Causes of Globalization | |
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| Forms of Globalization | |
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| Economic Globalization | |
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| Financial Globalization | |
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| Political Globalization | |
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| Military Globalization | |
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| Cultural Globalization | |
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| Environmental Globalization | |
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| Criminal Globalization | |
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| Periods of Globalization16 | |
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| Resistance to Globalization | |
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| Debating Globalization | |
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| Case Study Challenges Facing the Catholic Church | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| The Struggle for Primacy in a Global Society | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Power and Leadership | |
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| The Rise and Fall of Great Powers | |
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| Strategies for Maintaining Power | |
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| America | |
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| Challenging American Hegemony | |
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| China | |
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| Threats to U.S. Power: Emerging Powers and Nonstate Actors | |
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| Domestic Threats to American Hegemony | |
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| Will the United States Remain the Dominant Power? | |
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| Case Study Challenges Facing China | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Human Rights | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Globalization and Human Rights | |
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| Nongovernmental Organizations and Human Rights | |
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| Global Companies and Human Rights | |
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| Development of Human Rights | |
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| Social Contract Theories and Human Rights | |
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| Utilitarianism, Libertarianism, and Marxism | |
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| Legal Positivism and Human Rights | |
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| Globalization of Human Rights: The Universal Declaration of Human Rights | |
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| Philosophical Controversies Over Human Rights | |
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| Universalism Versus Cultural Relativis | |
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| Individuals and Communities | |
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| Relationship Between Rights and Obligations | |
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| Prioritizing Human Rights | |
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| Absolutism Versus Consequentialism | |
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| Human Rights Regimes | |
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| Enforcing Human Rights Globally | |
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| Sanctions | |
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| Humanitarian Intervention: Responsibility to Protect | |
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| Responding to Genocide | |
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| The International Criminal Court | |
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| Women and Human Rights | |
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| Sexual Violence: Rape as a Weapon of War | |
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| Islam and Human Rights | |
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| Fighting Terrorism and Protecting Human Rights | |
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| The Death Penalty and Human Rights | |
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| Case Study Homosexuals and Human Rights | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Promoting Democracy | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Democracy | |
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| Political Participation and Democracy | |
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| Women's Political Participation and Democracy | |
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| Factors Conducive to Democracy | |
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| Promoting Democracy | |
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| Global Civil Society and the Promotion of Democracy | |
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| The Promotion of Democracy by the United States | |
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| Imposing Democracy by Force in Iraq | |
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| Transitions to Democracy | |
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| Latin America | |
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| Russia | |
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| Islam and Democracy in the Middle East | |
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| Global Governance and Democracy | |
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| International Regimes | |
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| Making Global Institutions More Democratic | |
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| Case Study Democratic Transitions in the Middle East and North Africa | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Global Terrorism | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Defining Terrorism | |
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| Factors Conducive to Terrorism | |
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| Goals, Strategies, and Weapons of Terrorism | |
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| Financing Terrorism | |
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| The Costs of Terrorism | |
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| Costs to Individuals | |
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| Economic Costs | |
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| Costs to Governments | |
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| Foreign Policy Costs | |
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| Costs to Democracy | |
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| Kinds of Terrorism | |
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| Domestic Terrorism | |
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| Nationalist Terrorism | |
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| Religious Terrorism | |
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| Box Notes of Religious Terrorists Who Attacked America | |
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| State Terrorism | |
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| Global Terrorism | |
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| Responding to Terrorism | |
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| Fighting Terrorism and Protecting Democracy | |
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| Case Study Terrorism in Pakistan | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Weapons Proliferation | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Proliferation of Weapons | |
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| Reasons for the Proliferation of Weapons | |
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| The Proliferation of Small Arms | |
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| The Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons | |
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| China and Japan | |
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| India and Pakistan | |
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| The Middle East | |
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| North Korea | |
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| America's Nuclear Response to Nuclear Proliferation | |
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| Chemical and Biological Weapons | |
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| Nonproliferation Regimes | |
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| Nuclear Nonproliferation | |
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| Curbing Chemical and Biological Weapons | |
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| CASE STUDY Countries That Abandoned Nuclear Weapons Programs | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| The Global Financial Crisis | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Causes of the Global Financial Crisis | |
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| Deregulation of Financial Markets | |
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| Financial Innovations | |
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| Executive Compensation | |
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| Low Interest Rates | |
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| Subprime Loans | |
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| Speculation | |
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| The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis | |
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| Foreclosures | |
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| Decline in Manufacturing and Trade | |
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| Global Power Shift | |
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| Global Responses to the Financial Crisis | |
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| America's Response | |
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| European Responses | |
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| China's Response | |
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| Financial Regulations | |
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| CASE STUDY Ireland: The Decline of the Celtic Tiger | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Global Trade | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Globalization of Free Trade | |
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| Exchange Rates, Budget Deficits, and Trade | |
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| Barriers to Free Trade | |
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| Do Trade Deficits Matter? | |
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| Global Companies and Global Factories | |
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| Global Trade and Low Wages | |
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| Global Companies Promote Equality | |
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| Labor Unions and Global Trade | |
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| Global Trade Disputes | |
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| Tariffs | |
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| Quotas | |
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| Subsidies | |
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| Genetically Modified Food | |
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| Global Trade and the Environment | |
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| Diseases and Global Trade | |
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| Regional Trade Blocs | |
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| The European Union | |
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| The North American Free Trade Agreement | |
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| The Association of Southeast Asian Nations | |
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| The South American Common Market | |
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| Case Study The Growing Power of Emerging Markets: Brazil | |
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| Summary and Revie | |
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| Global Inequality and Poverty | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Does Inequality Matter? | |
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| The Globalization and Inequality Debate | |
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| Globalists Make Their Case | |
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| Antiglobalists Make Their Case | |
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| Global Inequality | |
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| Inequality Between Developed and Developing Countries | |
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| Causes of Inequality Between Rich and Poor Countries | |
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| Inequality Within Rich Countries | |
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| The United States | |
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| Other Industrialized Countries | |
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| Inequality Within Poor Countries | |
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| Gender Inequality | |
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| Global Poverty | |
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| Closing the Gap | |
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| Case Study Food Insecurity and Rising Food Prices | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Environmental Issues | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Globalization of Environmental Problems | |
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| Nongovernmental Organizations and the Environment | |
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| Women and the Environment | |
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| Indigenous Peoples and the Environment | |
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| Strategies Used by Nongovernmental Organizations | |
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| Biodiversity | |
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| Endangered Species and Wildlife Protection | |
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| Deforestation | |
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| Causes of Deforestation | |
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| Efforts to Prevent Deforestation | |
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| Ocean Resources-Fishing | |
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| Ocean Pollution | |
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| Global Warming and Climate Change | |
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| Water Scarcity | |
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| Military Activities and the Environment | |
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| Case Study The Earthquake and Tsunami in Japan | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Population and Migration | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Population | |
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| Population Issues in Developing Countries | |
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| Population Issues in Developed Countries | |
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| Global Migration | |
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| Gender and Migration | |
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| Types of Migration | |
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| Causes of Migration | |
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| Push Factors | |
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| Refugees | |
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| Pull Factors | |
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| Case Studies | |
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| The United States | |
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| Western Europe | |
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| Social, Economic, and Political Implications of Migration | |
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| The Impact of Migration on Sending Countries | |
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| The Impact of Migration on Receiving Countries | |
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| Case Study Global Aging and Pensions | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Global Crime | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The Globalization of Crime | |
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| The Global Drug Problem | |
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| Efforts to Control the Drug Problem | |
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| Global Smuggling of Migrants | |
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| Contemporary Slavery and Human Trafficking | |
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| Criminal Gangs and Kidnapping | |
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| Illegal Trade in Endangered Animals and Plants | |
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| Cybercrimes and Piracy | |
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| Global Responses to Crime | |
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| Case Study Government Corruption in India | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| The Globalization of Disease | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Globalization of Infectious Diseases | |
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| Global Travel and Communications | |
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| Human Security and Infectious Diseases | |
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| Infectious Diseases | |
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| Influenza and Avian Flu | |
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| Malaria, Dengue, and Yellow Fever | |
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| Malaria | |
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| Tuberculosis | |
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| HIV/AIDS | |
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| Africa | |
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| Global Responses to Aids | |
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| SARS | |
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| Global Responses to Infectious Diseases | |
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| Case Study Obesity: A Global Epidemic | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Cultural Clashes and Conflict Resolution | |
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| Introduction | |
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| Cultural Influences on Conflicts | |
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| Clashing Civilizations | |
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| The West and the Muslim World | |
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| The United States and Islam | |
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| Clashes Among Nations | |
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| Ethnic Conflicts | |
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| Ethnicity and Ethnic Identity | |
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| The Causes of Ethnic Conflict | |
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| Ethnic Clashes | |
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| Resolving Cultural Conflicts | |
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| Negotiation | |
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| Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Intervention | |
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| Peacemaking | |
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| Peacebuilding | |
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| Case Study War in Afghanistan | |
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| Summary and Review | |
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| Photo Credits | |
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| Index | |