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| Preface | |
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| Ancient Greek Philosophy | |
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| Socrates And Plato | |
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| Euthyphro | |
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| Apology | |
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| Crito | |
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| Phaedo (72c 83c, 114e 118b) | |
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| Republic (Book I, 336b 342e, 347b e; Book II, 357a 362c, 368a 376e; Book III, 412b 417b; Book IV, 427c 445e; Book V, 449 462e, 473b e; and Books VI VII, 502c 521b) | |
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| Aristotle | |
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| Physics (Book II, complete) | |
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| Metaphysics (Book I, 1 4, 6, 9; and Book XII, 6 9) | |
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| On the Soul (Book II, Chapters 1 3; and Book III, 4 5) | |
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| Nicomachean Ethics (Books I II; Book IV, 3; Books VI VII; and Book X, 6 8) | |
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| Hellenistic And Roman Philosophy | |
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| Epicurus | |
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| Letter to Menoeceus | |
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| Principal Doctrines | |
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| Epictetus | |
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| Handbook (Enchiridion) | |
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| Pyrrho and Sextus Empiricus | |
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| Outlines of Pyrrhonism (Book I, 1 13) | |
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| Plotinus | |
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| Enneads (Ennead I, Tractate 6) | |
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| Christianity and Medieval Philosophy | |
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| Augustine | |
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| Confessions (Book VIII, 5, 8 12; and Book XI, 14 28) | |
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| City of God (Book XI, Chapter 26; and Book XII, Chapters 1 9) | |
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| Boethius | |
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| The Consolation of Philosophy (Book V, Chapter 6) | |
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| Anselm (and Guanilo) | |
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| Proslogion (Preface; Chapters 1 4) | |
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| Gaunilo and Anselm: Debate (selections) | |
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| Hildegard of Bingen | |
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| Scivias (Book I, Vision 4, 16 26) | |
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| Moses Maimonides | |
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| The Guide for the Perplexed (Part II, Introduction) | |
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| Thomas Aquinas | |
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| Summa Theologica (selections) | |
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| William of Ockham | |
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| Summa Logicae (On Universals Part I, Chapters 14 16) | |
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| Giovanni Pico Della Mirandola | |
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| Oration on the Dignity of Man (in Part) | |
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| Modern Philosophy | |
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| Rene Descartes | |
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| Meditations on the First Philosophy | |
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| Correspondence with Princess Elizabeth (selections) | |
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| Thomas Hobbes | |
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| Leviathan (selections from Chapters 1 3, 6, 9, 12 15, 17 18, 21) | |
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| Blaise Pascal | |
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| Pensÿes (selections) | |
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| Baruch Spinoza | |
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| Ethics (Sections I and II) | |
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| John Locke | |
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| An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (abridged) | |
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| Gottfried Leibniz | |
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| Discourse on Metaphysics | |
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| The Monadology | |
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| George Berkeley | |
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| Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous | |
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| David Hume | |
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| An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding | |
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| Jean-Jacques Rousseau | |
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| The Social Contract (Book I) | |
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| Immanuel Kant | |
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| Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics | |
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| Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals | |
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| On a Supposed Right to Lie From Altruistic Motives | |
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| Mary Wollstonecraft | |
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| A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (Chapter 6) | |
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| Nineteenth-Century Philosophy | |
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| G.W.F. Hegel | |
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| Phenomenology of Spirit (B, IV, A: "Independence and Dependence of Self-Consciousness: Relations of Master and Servant") | |
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| Lectures on the History of Philosophy ("The Final Result") | |
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| John Stuart Mill | |
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| Utilitarianism | |
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| S Ren Kierkegaard | |
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| Fear and Trembling (Problema I: "Teleological Suspension of the Ethical") | |
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| Concluding Unscientific Postscript (Section II, Chapter 2, "Subjective Truth, Inwardness; Truth Is Subjectivity") | |
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| Karl Marx | |
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| Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844 ("Alienated Labor") | |
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| Manifesto of the Communist Party (Chapters 1 and 2) | |
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| A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (Preface) | |
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| Notes on Bakunin's Statehood and Anarchy (selections) | |
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| Charles Sanders Peirce | |
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| The Fixation of Belief | |
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| William James | |
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| Pragmatism (Lecture II: What Pragmatism Means) | |
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| Friedrich Nietzsche | |
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| The Birth of Tragedy (Chapters 1���3) | |
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| The Gay Science (selections) | |
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| Twilight of the Idols (selections) | |
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| The Anti-Christ (First Book, 2 7, 62) | |
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| Twentieth-Century Philosophy | |
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| Edmund Husserl | |
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| Phenomenology (Encyclopaedia Brittanica article) | |
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| W.E.B. Du Bois | |
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| The Souls of Black Folks (Chapter 1) | |
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| Bertrand Russell | |
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| The Problems of Philosophy (Chapters 1 & 15) | |
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| Martin Heidegger | |
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| Introduction to Metaphysics (Chapter 1: "The Fundamental Question of Metaphysics") | |
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| Ludwig Wittgenstein | |
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| Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (Preface Sections 1 3.1431,4, 4.06, 4.1, 5, 5.6, 6.4 7) | |
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| Philosophical Investigations (Paragraphs 1 47, 65 71, 241, 257 258, 305, 309) | |
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| Jean-Paul Sartre | |
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| Existentialism Is a Humanism | |
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| Simone De Beauvoir | |
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| The Second Sex (Introduction) | |
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| Willard Van Orman Quine | |
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| Two Dogmas of Empiricism | |
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| Jacques Derrida | |
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| Of Grammatology ("The Written Being/The Being Written") | |