| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| Maps | |
| |
| |
| Chronologies, Genealogies, and Figures | |
| |
| |
| Preface | |
| |
| |
| Supplements0 | |
| |
| |
| About the Authors | |
| |
| |
| Introduction | |
| |
| |
| The Idea of Western Civilization 1 | |
| |
| |
| |
| The First Civilizations 3 | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: �tzi's Last Meal: Tradition and Innovation in Prehistoric Europe | |
| |
| |
| Before Civilization | |
| |
| |
| The Dominance of Culture | |
| |
| |
| Social Organization, Agriculture, and Religion | |
| |
| |
| Mesopotamia: Between the Two Rivers | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Ancient World | |
| |
| |
| The Ramparts of Uruk | |
| |
| |
| Tools: Technology and Writing | |
| |
| |
| Gods and Mortals in Mesopotamia | |
| |
| |
| Sargon and Mesopotamian Expansion | |
| |
| |
| Hammurabi and the Old Babylonian Empire | |
| |
| |
| The Gift of the Nile | |
| |
| |
| Tending the Cattle of God | |
| |
| |
| Democratization of the Afterlife | |
| |
| |
| The Egyptian Empire | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Egyptian Empire | |
| |
| |
| Religious and Royal Consolidation Under Akhenaten | |
| |
| |
| Between Two Worlds | |
| |
| |
| The Hebrew Alternative | |
| |
| |
| A King Like All the Nations | |
| |
| |
| Exile | |
| |
| |
| Nineveh and Babylon | |
| |
| |
| The Assyrian Empire | |
| |
| |
| The New Babylonian Empire | |
| |
| |
| Persian Expansion | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| Discovering the Pharaohs | |
| |
| |
| The West and the Under World | |
| |
| |
| The First European Immigrants | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Code of Hammurabi | |
| |
| |
| A Homesick Egyptian | |
| |
| |
| The Kingdom of Israel | |
| |
| |
| |
| Early Greece, 2500-500 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Hecuba and Achilles: The Birth of Greek Civilization | |
| |
| |
| Greece in the Bronze Age to 800 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| Islands of Peace | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Greece in the Bronze Age | |
| |
| |
| Mainland of War | |
| |
| |
| The Dark Age | |
| |
| |
| Archaic Greece, 800-500 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| Ethnos and Polis 45 | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Greek Cities and Colonies of the Archaic Age | |
| |
| |
| Technology of Writing and Warfare | |
| |
| |
| Colonists and Tyrants | |
| |
| |
| Gender and Power | |
| |
| |
| Gods and Mortals | |
| |
| |
| Myth and Reason | |
| |
| |
| Investigation and Speculation | |
| |
| |
| Art and the Individual | |
| |
| |
| A Tale of Three Cities | |
| |
| |
| Wealthy Corinth | |
| |
| |
| Martial Sparta | |
| |
| |
| Democratic Athens | |
| |
| |
| The Coming of Persia and the End of the Archaic Age | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Persian Empire, ca. 500 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| The Agony of Athletics | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Race of Iron | |
| |
| |
| Hector and Andromache | |
| |
| |
| Two Faces of Tyranny | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| A Revolution in War-fare | |
| |
| |
| |
| Classical and Hellenistic Greece, 500-100 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Pericles Builds His Parthenon: Politics, Art, and Empire 66 | |
| |
| |
| Note: Each chapter ends with Questions for Review, Key Terms, Discovering Western Civilization Online, and Suggestions for Further Reading. | |
| |
| |
| War and Politics in the Fifth Century b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| The Persian Wars | |
| |
| |
| Thermopylae and Salamis | |
| |
| |
| The Athenian Empire | |
| |
| |
| Private and Public Life in Athens | |
| |
| |
| Pericles and Athens | |
| |
| |
| The Peloponnesian War | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Delian League and the Peloponnesian War | |
| |
| |
| Athenian Culture in the Hellenic Age | |
| |
| |
| The Examined Life | |
| |
| |
| Understanding the Past | |
| |
| |
| Athenian Drama | |
| |
| |
| Art and the Human Image | |
| |
| |
| From City-States to Macedonian Empire, 404-323 b.c.e. 82 | |
| |
| |
| Politics After the Peloponnesian War | |
| |
| |
| Philosophy and the Polis | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Macedon | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Empire of Alexander the Great 87 | |
| |
| |
| The Empire of Alexander the Great 87 | |
| |
| |
| The Hellenistic World 89 | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Hellenistic Kingdoms 89 | |
| |
| |
| Urban Life and Culture 92 | |
| |
| |
| Women in Public Life 92 | |
| |
| |
| Alexandria 93 | |
| |
| |
| Hellenistic Literature 93 | |
| |
| |
| Architecture and Art 94 | |
| |
| |
| Hellenistic Philosophy 95 | |
| |
| |
| Mathematics and Science 98 | |
| |
| |
| Cultural Resistance 98 | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| Technology and Innovation | |
| |
| |
| The West and the Wider World | |
| |
| |
| Representing the Buddha: From Apollo to Christian Saint | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Two Faces of Athenian Democracy | |
| |
| |
| The Unexamined Life Is Not Worth Leading | |
| |
| |
| Greeks and Barbarians | |
| |
| |
| Alexander Calls a Halt | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| |
| Early Rome and the Roman Republic, 800-146 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Eternal Rome: From Village to Empire | |
| |
| |
| The Western Mediterranean to 509 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| Merchants of Baal | |
| |
| |
| The Western Greeks | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Greek and Phoenician Colonies and Trade | |
| |
| |
| Italy's First Civilization | |
| |
| |
| From City to Empire, 509-146 b.c.e. 109 | |
| |
| |
| Latin Rome | |
| |
| |
| Etruscan Rome | |
| |
| |
| Rome and Italy | |
| |
| |
| Rome and the Mediterranean | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Punic Wars | |
| |
| |
| Republican Civilization | |
| |
| |
| Farmers and Soldiers | |
| |
| |
| The Roman Family | |
| |
| |
| Social Effects of Expansion | |
| |
| |
| Roman Religion | |
| |
| |
| Republican Letters | |
| |
| |
| The Crisis of Roman Virtue | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| Hannibal's Elephants | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Twelve Tables | |
| |
| |
| Polybius Compares Rome and Carthage | |
| |
| |
| Cato's Slaves | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Casting a Vote | |
| |
| |
| |
| Imperial Rome, 146 b.c.e.-192 c.e. | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: The Altar of Augustan Peace: The Making of the Roman Empire | |
| |
| |
| The Price of Empire, 146-121 b.c.e. | |
| |
| |
| Winners and Losers | |
| |
| |
| Optimates and Populares | |
| |
| |
| The End of the Republic | |
| |
| |
| The Crisis of Government | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Career of Julius Caesar | |
| |
| |
| A Life Worth Leading | |
| |
| |
| The Augustan Age and the Pax Romana 141 | |
| |
| |
| The Empire Renewed 141 | |
| |
| |
| Augustus's Successors 146 | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Roman Empire, 14 and 117 c.e. 147 | |
| |
| |
| Religions from the East | |
| |
| |
| Jewish Resistance 149 | |
| |
| |
| The Origins of Christianity | |
| |
| |
| Geographical Tour: A Tour of the Empire | |
| |
| |
| The Western Provinces | |
| |
| |
| The Eastern Provinces | |
| |
| |
| The Culture of Antonine Rome | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| A Day in the Pax Romana-Herculaneum 144 | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Augustus's Statue | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Reforms of Tiberius Gracchus | |
| |
| |
| Cicero on Justice and Reason | |
| |
| |
| Peter Announces the Good News | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Transformation of the Classical World | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: A Bride's Trousseau: The Synthesis of Christianity and the Classical Tradition | |
| |
| |
| The Crisis of the Third Century | |
| |
| |
| Enrich the Army and Scorn the Rest | |
| |
| |
| An Empire on the Defensive | |
| |
| |
| The Barbarian Menace | |
| |
| |
| Roman Influence in the Barbarian World | |
| |
| |
| The Empire Restored | |
| |
| |
| Diocletian, the God-Emperor | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Empire Under Diocletian | |
| |
| |
| Constantine, the Emperor of God | |
| |
| |
| The Triumph of Christianity | |
| |
| |
| Imperial Christianity | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Spread of Christianity | |
| |
| |
| Divinity, Humanity, and Salvation | |
| |
| |
| The Call of the Desert | |
| |
| |
| Monastic Communities | |
| |
| |
| Solitaries and Hermits | |
| |
| |
| A Parting of the Ways | |
| |
| |
| The Barbarization of the West | |
| |
| |
| The New Barbarian Kingdoms | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Barbarian Migrations and Invasions | |
| |
| |
| The Hellenization of the East | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| The Stainless Star of Wisdom's Discipline | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| Tacitus on the Germans | |
| |
| |
| Religious Toleration and Persecution | |
| |
| |
| Love in the Two Cities | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery Beholder: In the Eye of the Jesus or Sun God? | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Classical Legacy in the East: Byzantium and Islam | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: From Temple to Mosque: The Continuity of Civilization in the Eastern Mediterranean | |
| |
| |
| The Byzantines | |
| |
| |
| Justinian and the Creation of the Byzantine State | |
| |
| |
| Emperors and Individuals | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Byzantine Empire Under Justinian | |
| |
| |
| Families and Villages | |
| |
| |
| A Foretaste of Heaven | |
| |
| |
| Iconoclasm | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Islam | |
| |
| |
| Arabia Before the Prophet | |
| |
| |
| Muhammad, Prophet of God | |
| |
| |
| The Triumph of Islam | |
| |
| |
| The Spread of Islam | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Spread of Islam | |
| |
| |
| Authority and Government in Islam | |
| |
| |
| Umayyad and 'Abbasid Caliphates | |
| |
| |
| Islamic Civilization | |
| |
| |
| The Byzantine Apogee and Decline, 1000-1453 | |
| |
| |
| The Disintegration of the Empire | |
| |
| |
| The Conquests of Constantinople and Baghdad | |
| |
| |
| The West and the Wider World | |
| |
| |
| Industrial Espionage in the Sixth Century | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Qur'an | |
| |
| |
| An Arab's View of Western Medicine | |
| |
| |
| A Turkish Guest in Constantinople | |
| |
| |
| An Arab in Crusader Jerusalem | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Haram al-Sharif, or The Dome of the Rock: Theology in Stone | |
| |
| |
| |
| The West in the Early Middle Ages, 500-900 | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: The Chapel at the Waters: The Western Empire Reborn | |
| |
| |
| The Making of the Barbarian Kingdoms, 500-750 | |
| |
| |
| Italy: From Ostrogoths to Lombards | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Barbarian Kingdoms, ca. 526 | |
| |
| |
| Visigothic Spain: Intolerance and Destruction | |
| |
| |
| The Anglo-Saxons: From Pagan Conquerors to Christian Missionaries | |
| |
| |
| The Franks: An Enduring Legacy | |
| |
| |
| Living in the New Europe | |
| |
| |
| Creating the European Peasantry | |
| |
| |
| Rural Households | |
| |
| |
| Creating the European Aristocracy | |
| |
| |
| Aristocratic Lifestyle | |
| |
| |
| Governing Europe | |
| |
| |
| The Carolingian Achievement | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Charlemagne's Empire, 814 | |
| |
| |
| Charlemagne and the Renewal of the West | |
| |
| |
| The Carolingian Renaissance | |
| |
| |
| Carolingian Government | |
| |
| |
| Carolingian Art | |
| |
| |
| Geographical Tour: Europe in the Ninth Century | |
| |
| |
| England | |
| |
| |
| Scandinavia | |
| |
| |
| The Slavic World | |
| |
| |
| Muslim Spain | |
| |
| |
| After the Carolingians: From Empire to Lordships | |
| |
| |
| Disintegration of the Empire | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Division of Charlemagne's Empire | |
| |
| |
| Emergence of France and Germany | |
| |
| |
| Cluny | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| The Jews in the Early Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| Two Missionaries | |
| |
| |
| From Slave to Queen | |
| |
| |
| Feuding in the Frankish Kingdom | |
| |
| |
| Charlemagne and the Arts | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Equestrian Emperors | |
| |
| |
| |
| The High Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Harold, King of the English | |
| |
| |
| The Countryside | |
| |
| |
| The Peasantry: Serfs and Freemen | |
| |
| |
| The Aristocracy: Warriors and Heiresses | |
| |
| |
| The Church: Saints and Monks | |
| |
| |
| Crusaders: Soldiers of God | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Crusades | |
| |
| |
| Medieval Towns | |
| |
| |
| Italian Cities | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Medieval Trade Networks | |
| |
| |
| Northern Towns | |
| |
| |
| The Fairs of Champagne | |
| |
| |
| Urban Intellectuals | |
| |
| |
| The Invention of the State | |
| |
| |
| The Universal States: Empire and Papacy | |
| |
| |
| The Nation-States: France and England | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| Cathedrals of Light | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| Visions Like a Flame | |
| |
| |
| Pope Urban II Summons a Crusade | |
| |
| |
| Saint Francis of Assisi on Humility and Poverty | |
| |
| |
| The Great Charter | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Later Middle Ages, 1300-1500 | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Webs of Stone and Blood: European Civilization at the End of the Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| Politics as a Family Affair | |
| |
| |
| The Struggle for Central Europe | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Central and Eastern Europe, ca. 1378 | |
| |
| |
| A Hundred Years of War | |
| |
| |
| Life and Death in the Later Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| Dancing with Death | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Spread of the Black Death and Peasant Revolts | |
| |
| |
| The Plague of Insurrection | |
| |
| |
| Living and Dying in Medieval Towns | |
| |
| |
| The Spirit of the Later Middle Ages | |
| |
| |
| The Crisis of the Papacy | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Great Schism | |
| |
| |
| Discerning the Spirit of God | |
| |
| |
| Heresy and Revolt | |
| |
| |
| Religious Persecution in Spain | |
| |
| |
| William of Ockham and the Spirit of Truth | |
| |
| |
| Vernacular Literature and the Individual | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Black Death in Florence | |
| |
| |
| A Woman Before the Inquisition | |
| |
| |
| Convivencia | |
| |
| |
| The West and the Wider World World Trade Centers | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Italian Renaissance | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: A Dining Al Fresco | |
| |
| |
| Renaissance Society | |
| |
| |
| The Urban Environment | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Largest Cities in Western Europe, ca. 1500 | |
| |
| |
| Production and Consumption | |
| |
| |
| The Experience of Life | |
| |
| |
| The Quality of Life | |
| |
| |
| Renaissance Art | |
| |
| |
| An Architect, a Sculptor, and a Painter | |
| |
| |
| Renaissance Style | |
| |
| |
| Michelangelo | |
| |
| |
| Renaissance Ideals | |
| |
| |
| Humanists and the Liberal Arts | |
| |
| |
| Renaissance Science | |
| |
| |
| Machiavelli and Politics | |
| |
| |
| The Politics of the Italian City-States | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Italy, 1494 | |
| |
| |
| The Five Powers | |
| |
| |
| Venice: A Seaborne Empire | |
| |
| |
| Florence: Spinning Cloth into Gold | |
| |
| |
| The End of Italian Hegemony, 1450-1527 | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| The Fall of Constantinople | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| On the Family | |
| |
| |
| The Renaissance Man | |
| |
| |
| The Lion and the Fox | |
| |
| |
| The Siege of Constantinople | |
| |
| |
| |
| The European Empires | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Astride the World: The Age of Monarchies | |
| |
| |
| European Encounters | |
| |
| |
| Africa and a Passage to India | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Portuguese Explorations | |
| |
| |
| Mundus Novus | |
| |
| |
| The Spanish Conquests | |
| |
| |
| The Legacy of the Encounters | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Claims of Spain and Portugal to Overseas Empires | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Small box | |
| |
| |
| Geographical Tour: Europe in 1500: The Age of the New Monarchies | |
| |
| |
| Boundaries of Eastern Europe | |
| |
| |
| Central Europe | |
| |
| |
| Western Europe | |
| |
| |
| The Formation of States | |
| |
| |
| Eastern Configurations | |
| |
| |
| The Western Powers | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Unification of France | |
| |
| |
| The Dynastic Struggles | |
| |
| |
| Power and Glory | |
| |
| |
| The Italian Wars | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| A Momentous Discovery | |
| |
| |
| The Halls of Montezuma | |
| |
| |
| Last Words | |
| |
| |
| The Kingdom of France | |
| |
| |
| The West and the Wider World | |
| |
| |
| The Columbian Exchange | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Reform of Religion | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Sola Scriptura: The Bible and the Reformation | |
| |
| |
| The Intellectual Reformation | |
| |
| |
| The Print Revolution | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Spread of Printing | |
| |
| |
| Christian Humanism | |
| |
| |
| The Humanist Movement | |
| |
| |
| The Wit of Erasmus | |
| |
| |
| The Lutheran Reformation | |
| |
| |
| The Spark of Reform | |
| |
| |
| Martin Luther's Faith | |
| |
| |
| Lutheranism | |
| |
| |
| The Spread of Lutheranism | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Spread of Lutheranism | |
| |
| |
| The Protestant Reformation | |
| |
| |
| Geneva and Calvin | |
| |
| |
| The English Reformation | |
| |
| |
| The Reformation of the Radicals | |
| |
| |
| The Catholic Reformation | |
| |
| |
| The Spiritual Revival | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Fishing for Souls | |
| |
| |
| Loyola's Pilgrimage | |
| |
| |
| The Counter-Reformation | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: The Religious Divisions of Europe | |
| |
| |
| The Empire Strikes Back | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| Utopia | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| A Dutch Wit | |
| |
| |
| Luther on Marriage | |
| |
| |
| The Eternal Decree | |
| |
| |
| Heavenly Vision | |
| |
| |
| |
| Europe at War, 1555-1648 | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: The Massacre of the Innocents: War and European Society | |
| |
| |
| The Crises of the Western States | |
| |
| |
| The French Wars of Religion | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Religious Divisions in France During the Wars of Religion | |
| |
| |
| One King, Two Faiths | |
| |
| |
| The World of Philip II | |
| |
| |
| The Burgundian Inheritance | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Habsburg Lands at the Abdication of Charles V | |
| |
| |
| The Revolt of the Netherlands | |
| |
| |
| The Struggles in Eastern Europe | |
| |
| |
| Kings and Diets in Poland | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Muscovy's Time of Troubles | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of Sweden | |
| |
| |
| The Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 | |
| |
| |
| Bohemia Revolts | |
| |
| |
| The War Widens | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Population Loss in Germany During the Thirty Years' War | |
| |
| |
| The Long Quest for Peace | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| The Monstrous Regiment of Women | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Heart and Stomach of a King | |
| |
| |
| Cannibals | |
| |
| |
| War Is Hell | |
| |
| |
| Fire and Sword | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Experiences of Life in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1650 | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Haymaking: Agriculture in a European Community | |
| |
| |
| Economic Life | |
| |
| |
| Rural Life | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Town Life | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Grain Supply and Trade in Sixteenth-Century Europe | |
| |
| |
| Economic Change | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Population Density in Europe, ca. 1600 | |
| |
| |
| Social Life | |
| |
| |
| Social Constructs | |
| |
| |
| Social Structure | |
| |
| |
| Social Change | |
| |
| |
| Peasant Revolts | |
| |
| |
| Private and Community Life | |
| |
| |
| The Family | |
| |
| |
| Communities | |
| |
| |
| Popular Beliefs and the Persecution of Witches | |
| |
| |
| A Closer Look | |
| |
| |
| Sex and the Married Man | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| Living by One's Wits | |
| |
| |
| The Peasants' Revolt | |
| |
| |
| The Devil's Due | |
| |
| |
| |
| The Royal State in the Seventeenth Century | |
| |
| |
| The Visual Record: Fit for a King: The Grandeur of the European Monarchy | |
| |
| |
| The Rise of the Royal State | |
| |
| |
| Divine Kings | |
| |
| |
| The Court and the Courtiers | |
| |
| |
| The Taxing Demands of War | |
| |
| |
| The Crises of the Royal State | |
| |
| |
| The Need to Resist | |
| |
| |
| The Right to Resist | |
| |
| |
| The English Civil War | |
| |
| |
| Image Discovery | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: English Civil War | |
| |
| |
| The English Revolutions | |
| |
| |
| The Zenith of the Royal State | |
| |
| |
| The Nature of Absolute Monarchy | |
| |
| |
| Absolutism in the East | |
| |
| |
| Map Discovery: Expansion of Russia Under Peter the Great | |
| |
| |
| The Origins of French Absolutism | |
| |
| |
| Louis le Grand | |
| |
| |
| Documents | |
| |
| |
| The Divinity That Doth Hedge a King | |
| |
| |
| A Short, Sharp Shock | |
| |
| |
| The Nature of Man | |
| |
| |
| A Close Shave | |
| |
| |
| The West and the Wider World | |
| |
| |
| The Siege of Vienna | |
| |
| |
| Glossary | |
| |
| |
| Credits | |
| |
| |
| Index | |