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Preface | |
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Conceptual Formulations and Perspectives on Ethnic-Sensitive Practice | |
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We, the People of the United States | |
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The Experience of Newcomers | |
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1821 to 1930 | |
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1931 to 1960 | |
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1961 to 1980 | |
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The 1980s | |
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The 1990s | |
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Becoming a U.S. Citizen | |
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Intermarriage and the New Ethnicity | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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The Ethnic Reality | |
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Ethnic Stratification | |
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Major Perspectives on the Role of Ethnicity in American Life | |
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Definition of Terms: Definitional Issues | |
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Culture | |
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Ethnic Groups and Ethnicity as Concepts | |
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What Do Members of Ethnic Groups Prefer to Be Called? | |
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"Race" | |
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Use of the Terms "Whites" and "Blacks" | |
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"Whites" | |
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"Blacks" | |
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Oppressed Ethnic Groups | |
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People of Color | |
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"Middleman" Minority Groups | |
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Assimilationism and the Melting Pot | |
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Ethnic Conflict Theory | |
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Ethnic Pluralism | |
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The Sense of Ethnicity | |
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The Development and Maintenance of Ethnic Identity | |
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Language | |
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Rituals and Celebrations | |
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Ethnic Schools and Parochial Schools | |
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Primary Groups | |
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The Migration Experience | |
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Social Stratification, Social Class, and Inequality | |
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Social Inequality | |
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Social Class | |
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Indicators of Social Class | |
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Social Class Distribution: Income, Poverty, Education | |
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Poverty Data for 1996 | |
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Class and Rank | |
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Life in the Various Social Classes | |
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The Working Class | |
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The Middle Class | |
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The Underclass | |
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The Ethnic Reality | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ethnicity and the Life Course | |
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The Life Course Concept | |
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Various Conceptions about the Life Cycle | |
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Entry | |
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Childhood | |
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The Vagaries of Childhood | |
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Adolescence | |
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Emerging Adulthood | |
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The Search for a Mate | |
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Emerging Men and Women | |
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Adulthood | |
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Child Rearing | |
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Friends | |
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Later Adulthood | |
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Old Age | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Blending Knowledge, Values, and Skills | |
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Social Work Values | |
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Basic Knowledge of Human Behavior | |
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Individual and Family Life Course Considerations | |
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Social Role Theory | |
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Social Systems Theory | |
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Sociological Theory | |
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Psychological Theories | |
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Domain Specific Theories | |
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Knowledge and Skill in Agency Policy and Services Influence Professional Practice | |
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Self-Awareness, Including Insight into the Impact of One's Own Ethnicity | |
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Dual Ethnic Background | |
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The Impact of the Ethnic Reality | |
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An Understanding That the Route to the Social Worker Has an Impact on How Social Services Are Perceived and Delivered | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Approaches to Social Work Practice and the Ethnic Reality | |
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The Psychosocial Approach | |
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Assumptions | |
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Assumptions and the Ethnic Reality | |
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The Problem-Solving Approaches | |
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The Problem-Solving Framework--Assumptions | |
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Assumptions and the Ethnic Reality | |
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Task-Centered System | |
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Assumptions and the Ethnic Reality | |
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The Social Provision and Structural Approaches | |
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The Structural Approach | |
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Assumptions | |
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Assumptions and the Ethnic Reality | |
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The Systems Approach | |
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Assumptions | |
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Assumptions and the Ethnic Reality | |
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Ecological Perspectives | |
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Assumptions | |
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Assumptions and the Ethnic Reality | |
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The Generalist Perspective | |
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The Empowerment and Strengths Perspectives | |
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The Empowerment Approach | |
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Strengths Perspectives | |
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Assumptions and the Ethnic Reality | |
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Approaches Focused on Cultural Awareness and Minority Issues | |
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Assumptions | |
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A Model of Help-Seeking Behavior | |
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Ethnic Competence | |
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Congruence of the Model with Prevailing Approaches to Social Work Practice | |
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The Model as a Guide for Practice | |
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The Process-Stage Approach | |
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Assumptions | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Assumptions and Principles for Ethnic-Sensitive Practice | |
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Assumptions | |
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Past History Has a Bearing on Problem Generation and Solution | |
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Group History | |
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Individual History and Group Identity | |
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The Present Is Most Important | |
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The Ethnic Reality as a Source of Cohesion, Identity, and Strength and as a Source of Strain, Discordance, and Strife | |
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The Family | |
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Rituals and Celebrations | |
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Ethnic Schools and Parochial Schools | |
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Language | |
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Language--the Sounds of Discord | |
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Nonconscious Phenomena Affect Functioning | |
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Practice Principles | |
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Simultaneous Attention to Micro and Macro Issues | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Practice | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Generalist Practice | |
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The Generalist Perspective | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Generalist Practice | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Social Work Values | |
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Basic Knowledge of Human Behavior | |
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Knowledge and Skill in Agency Policy and Service Influence Professional Practice | |
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Self-Awareness, Including Insight into One's Own Ethnicity | |
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The Impact of the Ethnic Reality on the Daily Life of the Client | |
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An Understanding of the Impact of the Route to the Social Worker | |
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The Adaptation of Strategies and Procedures for Ethnic-Sensitive Generalist Practice | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Adapting Strategies and Procedures for Ethnic-Sensitive Practice: Direct Practice | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Intervention and the Layers of Understanding | |
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Work to Be Done before Meeting with Clients | |
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Basic Knowledge Acquisition | |
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Understanding Your Community and Your Organization | |
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Work before Meeting with Any Particular Client | |
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Intervention | |
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Problem Identification and Assessment | |
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Stage Setting: Privacy, Creating Comfortable Spaces Accommodating to the Setting | |
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"Tuning In" | |
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Attending Generically | |
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Adaptation to the Ethnic Reality | |
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Contracting: Some Preliminary Considerations | |
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Working on the Problem | |
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Social Group Work | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Starting the Group | |
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The Work Phase | |
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Termination | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Macro Practice | |
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Defining Macro Practice | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Social Work Values | |
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Basic Knowledge of Human Behavior | |
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Knowledge and Skill in Agency Policy and Services Influence Professional Practice | |
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Self-Awareness and Insight into One's Own Ethnicity | |
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The Impact of the Ethnic Reality on the Daily Life of the Community | |
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An Understanding That the Route to the Social Worker Has an Impact on How Social Services Are Perceived and Delivered | |
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The Adaptation of Strategies and Procedures for Ethnic-Sensitive Macro Practice | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Practice with Refugees and New Immigrants | |
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Korean Immigration | |
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The Acculturation Experience | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Social Work Values | |
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Basic Knowledge of Human Behavior | |
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Knowledge and Skill in Immigration Policy and Services Service | |
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Self-Awareness, Including Insights into One's Own Ethnicity | |
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The Impact of the Ethnic Reality on the Lives of the New Immigrants and Refugees | |
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An Understanding That the Route to the Social Worker Has an Impact on How Social Services Are Perceived and Delivered | |
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The Adaptation of Strategies and Procedures for Ethnic-Sensitive Practice with New Immigrants and Refugees | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Practice with Families | |
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The Family Life Course | |
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Defining the Family | |
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Defining the Family Life Course | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Social Work Values | |
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Basic Knowledge of Human Behavior | |
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The Impact of the Ethnic Reality on the Daily Life of Families | |
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Knowledge and Skill in Agency Policy and Services Influence Professional Practice | |
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Self-Awareness, Including Insight into One's Own Ethnicity and an Understanding of How That May Influence Professional Practice | |
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An Understanding That the Route to the Social Worker Has an Impact on How Social Services Are Perceived | |
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The Adaptation of Strategies and Procedures for Ethnic-Sensitive Practice | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Practice in the Public Sector: From AFDC to TANF | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Social Work Values | |
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Basic Knowledge of Human Behavior | |
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Knowledge and Skill in Agency Policy and Service Influence Professional Practice | |
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Self-Awareness, Including Insight into the Impact of the Ethnic Reality on Professional Practice | |
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The Impact of the Ethnic Reality on Daily Life in the Public Sector | |
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An Understanding That the Route to the Social Worker Has an Impact on How Social Services Are Perceived and Delivered | |
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The Adaptation of Strategies and Procedures for Ethnic-Sensitive Practice in the Public Sector | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Ethnic-Sensitive Practice in Health Care | |
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The Layers of Understanding | |
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Social Work Values | |
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Self-Awareness, Including Insight into One's Own Ethnicity and an Understanding of How That May Influence Professional Practice | |
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The Health Problems before Us: Theories, Concepts, Issues | |
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Health Policies, Organization, and Financing | |
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Managed Care | |
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Health and Illness Behavior | |
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The Ethnic Reality | |
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The Route to the Social Worker | |
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Intervention | |
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Summary | |
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References | |
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Community Profile | |
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Guide for Making an Ethnic Assessment | |
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Index | |