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| List of Example Programs | |
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| Preface | |
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| Intended Audience | |
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| About the Author | |
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| Acknowledgments | |
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| Introduction | |
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| The "Bailing Programmers" | |
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| Definitions and Terminology | |
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| Asynchronous | |
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| Concurrency | |
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| Uniprocessor and Multiprocessor | |
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| Parallelism | |
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| Thread Safety and Reentrancy | |
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| Concurrency Control Functions | |
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| Asynchronous Programming is Intuitive | |
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| Because Unix is Asynchronous | |
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| Because the World is Asynchronous | |
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| About the Examples in This Book | |
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| Asynchronous Programming, by Example the Baseline, Synchronous Version | |
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| A Version Using Multiple Processes | |
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| A Version Using Multiple Threads | |
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| Summary | |
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| Benefits of Threading | |
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| Parallelism | |
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| Concurrency | |
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| Programming Model | |
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| Costs of Threading | |
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| Computing Overhead | |
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| Programming Discipline | |
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| Harder to Debug | |
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| To Thread or Not to Thread? | |
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| POSIX Thread Concepts | |
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| Architectural Overview | |
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| Types and Interfaces | |
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| Checking for Errors | |
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| Threads | |
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| Creating and Using Threads | |
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| The Life of a Thread | |
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| Creation | |
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| Startup | |
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| Running and Blocking | |
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| Termination | |
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| Recycling | |
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| Synchronization | |
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| Invariants, Critical Sections, and Predicates | |
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| Mutexes | |
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| Creating and Destroying a Mutex | |
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| Locking and Unlocking a Mutex | |
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| Nonblocking Mutex Locks | |
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| Using Mutexes for Atomicity | |
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| Sizing a Mutex to Fit the Job | |
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| Using More Than One Mutex | |
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| Lock Hierarchy | |
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| Lock Chaining | |
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| Condition Variables | |
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| Creating and Destroying a Condition Variable | |
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| Waiting on a Condition Variable | |
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| Waking Condition Variable Waiters | |
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| One Final Alarm Program | |
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| Memory Visibility Between Threads | |
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| A Few Ways to Use Threads | |
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| Pipeline | |
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| Work Crew | |
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| Client/Server | |
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| Advanced Threaded Programming | |
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| One-Time Initialization | |
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| Attributes Objects | |
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| Mutex Attributes | |
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| Condition Variable Attributes | |
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| Thread Attributes | |
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| Cancellation | |
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| Deferred Cancelability | |
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| Asynchronous Cancelability | |
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| Cleaning Up | |
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| Thread-Specific Data | |
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| Creating Thread-Specific Data | |
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| Using Thread-Specific Data | |
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| Using Destructor Functions | |
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| Realtime Scheduling | |
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| POSIX Realtime Options | |
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| Scheduling Policies and Priorities | |
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| Contention Scope and Allocation Domain | |
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| Problems With Realtime Scheduling | |
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| Priority-Aware Mutexes | |
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| Priority Ceiling Mutexes | |
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| Priority Inheritance Mutexes | |
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| Threads and Kernel Entities | |
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| Many-to-One (User Level) | |
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| One-to-One (Kernel Level) | |
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| Many-to-Few (Two Level) | |
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| Posix Adjusts to Threads | |
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| Fork | |
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| Fork Handlers | |
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| Exec | |
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| Process Exit | |
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| Stdio | |
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| Flockfile and Funlockfile | |
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| Getchar_Unlocked and Putchar_Unlocked | |
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| Thread-Safe Functions | |
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| User and Terminal Identification | |
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| Directory Searching | |
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| String Token | |
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| Time Representation | |
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| Random Number Generation | |
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| Group | |